Unit 2- camera controls, exposure, focus Flashcards
By controlling how much light reaches your sensor you:
Control how much light or dark the picture is
What does perfect exposure do
It retains details in both the highlights and shadows
What happens when there is not enough exposure
The image is too dark and details are lost in the shadows
What happens if there is too much exposure
The image becomes too light and details are lost in the highlights
What is one way to ensure you get the best exposure?
Take three pictures, this procedure is called bracketing #1 picture- at the recommended setting #2 picture-lighter than first #3-darker than the first
Why are shutter and aperture are the most important controls on your camera
They both affect the total amount of light reaching the image sensor
Explain the effect of less light and more light on an image
Less light makes an image darker and more light makes it lighter
Why are you given so many choices when it comes to shutter and aperature
It gives you creative control
Explain the effect of a small aperture in depth of field and how it alters the image
A small aperture increases depth of field so foreground and background are sharp
Explain the effect of a fast and slow shutter speeds and how they alter the images
A fast shutter speed freezes your subject and a slow shutter speed blurs it
What is aperture
the diameter of the hole through which light enters the camera
What is depth of field
the zone of acceptable sharpness within a photo that will appear in focus.
How does shutter speed effect exposure
if the shutter speed is too fast, you’ll get an underexposed or too-dark image; if it’s too slow you’ll get on overexposed or too-bright image.
How does aperture effect exposure
Smaller apertures let in less light
Larger apertures let in more light
How is exposure controlled
Aperture, shutter, iso
How is shutter speed expressed
Shutter speeds are measured in seconds, or fractions of a second. For example, a shutter speed of 1/100 means 1/100th of a second, or 0.01 seconds. This is also known as the “exposure time”, because it’s the amount of time the sensor is exposed to
What are the types of shutters
- electronic shutters
- mechanical shutters (leaf shutter) (focal plane shutter)
What affects the dof
aperture (f-stop), distance from the subject to the camera, and focal length of the lens on your camera.
What is the rule of dof
The lower your f-number, the smaller your depth of field. Likewise, the higher your f-number, the larger your depth of field.
What is hyperfocal distance
The hyperfocal distance is the closest distance at which a lens can be focused while keeping objects at infinity acceptably sharp.
What are the modes on the mode dial
Auto, flash – off, portrait, landscape, child, sports, close-up, Night portrait mode
What are the priority modes
Aperture priority mode
Manual mode
Shutter priority mode
Priority mode
What are the focus modes
Af-a
Af-s
Af-c
Mf
What does at-a do
Automatically focus on your subject
What does af-s do
Is used for stationary subjects
What does continuous servo AF do
Use for moving subjects, anticipates the movement
What does manual focus do
Gives you complete control to focus
What are the focus area modes
Single point, dynamic area, auto area, 3-D tracking
What does single point do
Used for photographing children
What is dynamic area used for
You will select focus point, camera will just a subject moving
What does auto area used for
Stationary subjects
Does 3-D tracking do
Locks focus on the subject, even if composition changes
What does the mode icon auto do
Camera controls its picture setting automatically, the CameraAlso controls its focus based on setting conditions
What does the mode flash off do
Flash will not fire, helps you capture natural lighting
What does the mode portrait do
Focusses on the subject and blurs/softens the background, automatically adjusts shutter speed
What does the mode landscape do
Camera will adjust shutter speed to proper exposure, focusses on background and foreground
What does the mode child do
Clothing and back on details are vivid, skin tones are softened and naturally focusses on subject closest to lunch
What does the mode sports do
Fast shutter speed to freeze action, flash will not fire
What does the mode close up do
For objects physically close to lens
What does the mode Nate portrait mode do
Capture objects and maintains a natural background with flash
