Unit 2 Bones

Question 1

Condyle

Answer 1

Articulating surface of a bone. Knob on the end of a long bone

Question 2

Epicondyle

Answer 2

The eminence at the articular end of a bone above or to the side of a condyle

Question 3

Epiphysis

Answer 3

The end of a long bone

Question 4

Forament

Answer 4

A hole that passes through the bone

Question 5

Fossa

Answer 5

A hollowed area of a bone that may or may not be obvious

Question 6

Notch

Answer 6

A “notched out” area of bone

Question 7

Spine

Answer 7

An obvious bone projection that is generally longer and thinner than the tuberosity

Question 8

Tuberosity Tubercle/Process

Answer 8

Serves as an attachment for tnedon

Question 9

Line

Answer 9

Line on a bone as a place for attachment

Question 10

Mechanical Axis of Bone

Answer 10

A straight line that connects the midpoint of the joint at one end with the midpoint of the joint at the other end or, in the case of a terminal segment, with the midpoint of its distal end

Question 11

Wolff’s Law

Answer 11

Bone Size and shape influenced by direction and magnitude of forces applied to them

Bones reshape themselves based upon the stresses placed upon them

Bone mass increases over time with increased stress

Question 12

Joints

Answer 12

Consist of two bones joined together

Function: Allows movement, transmits force between participating bones

Question 13

Synovial Joints/Diarthrotic

Answer 13

Freely movable and an articular cavity

Question 14

Ginglymus

Answer 14

(Hinge) elbow, ankle

Question 15

Trochodial

Answer 15

(pivot, screw) radioulnar

Question 16

Condyloidal

Answer 16

(ellipsoid) wrist

Question 17

Arthrodial

Answer 17

(gliding, plane) foot, intercarpals of wrist

Question 18

Enarthrodial

Answer 18

(Ball and socket) hip, glenohumeral

Question 19

Sellar

Answer 19

(saddle) thumb

Question 20

Degrees of Freedom

Answer 20

Motion in 1 plane=1 degree of freedom

Motion in 2 planes=2 degree of motion

Motion in 3 planes=3 degrees of freedom

Question 21

Davis Law

Answer 21

Ligament, muscle and other soft tissue when placed under appropriate tension will adapt over time by lengthening and conversely when maintained in a loose or shorted state over a period of time will gradually shorten

Question 22

Ligaments

Answer 22

Tough fibrous tissue that connects bone to bone and is a contributor to joint stability

Question 23

Primary supporting structures of joints

Answer 23

Muscle and Tendons

Question 24

Types of Ligaments

Answer 24

• Extrinsic (extra-articular)
• Capsular
• Intrinsic (intra-articular)

Question 25

Fibro-Cartilage

Answer 25

tough fibrous connective tissue within a synovial joint

Provides

• Motion control
• joint stability
• Load and force transmission