Unit 2 bitch

Question 1

Developmental Psychology

Answer 1

Study of age-related changes in human behaviour. Psychologists know what to expect at different developmental stage

Question 2

Saltatory Growth

Answer 2

Growth that occurs in spurts like puberty

Question 3

Psychosocial Stages

Answer 3

The eight stages of ego development according to Erik Erikson

Question 4

Linear Progression

Answer 4

Development that occurs progressively

Question 5

Habituation

Answer 5

Organism ceases to respond to a stimulus that is repeatedly presented

Question 6

Maturation

Answer 6

genetically programmed biological plan of development that is relatively independent of experience

Question 7

Temperament Theories

Answer 7

Theories of human development that places emphasis on enduring and stable aspects of personality

Question 8

Goodness of Fit

Answer 8

How well suited a certain temperament is to a particular environment

Question 9

Intraorganismic Perspective

Answer 9

Attachment asserting that the infant has innate mechanisms that foster and promote the development of attachment

Question 10

Strange Situation

Answer 10

A lab test designed by Mary Ainsworth to demonstrate individual differences in the quality of attachment

Question 11

Secure Attachment

Answer 11

The most common form of attachment. Securly attached children respond happily to their mothers, greet them and stay near them for a while

Question 12

Anxious - Resistant Attachment

Answer 12

Infants who cry to be picked up and then struggle to be free (mixed feelings)

Question 13

Anxious - Avoidant Attachment

Answer 13

Do not approach and actively avoid their returning mothers

Question 14

Sensorimotor Stage

Answer 14

The first stage of Piaget’s theory of cognitive development. it is distinguished by the lack of fully developed object permanence and lasts from birth to two years of age

Question 15

Object Permanence

Answer 15

Individual’s realization that objects continue to exist even though they are no longer visible.

Question 16

Preoperational Stage

Answer 16

Distinguished by the presence of object permanence, but the lack of concrete operations. Time for imaginary play and intuitive logic lasting typically from the ages of two to six or seven

Question 17

Egocentrism

Answer 17

View themselves as the reference point in their dealings with the external world.

Question 18

Centration

Answer 18

child’s tendency to focus, or center on only one aspect of a changing system at any given time; characteristic of the preoperational stage

Question 19

Probabilistic Epigenesis

Answer 19

Describes the stages of cognitive development as representing only what occurs during the development of most individuals.

Question 20

Gender Understanding

Answer 20

Persons understanding that he or she is either a boy or a girl; usually at the age of three

Question 21

Gender Constancy

Answer 21

Realization that ones sex is determined by unchanging criteria and is unaffected by ones activities or behaviour, ages 6 or 7

Question 22

Gender Typing

Answer 22

Individual incorporates the behaviours, traits or attitudes appropriate to his or her biological sex or the sex assigned at birth

Question 23

Exploration-Play-Application Sequence

Answer 23

Describes the function of play as a bridge between the cautious exploration of the unfamiliar and its eventual application for useful purposes

Question 24

Conservation

Answer 24

the principle that include quantities such as mass, weight, and volume remain constant regardless of changes in the appearance of these quantities, so long as nothing has been added or taken away

Question 25

Authoritative Parents

Answer 25

parents who set strict standards, but who are also warm and willing to explain their reasoning to their children

Question 26

Authoritarian Parents

Answer 26

Parents who have a strict set of rules and expects unquestioned obedience. Demanding and hostile. Sometimes uses physical punishment and discussions are rare

Question 27

Formal Operation

Answer 27

Final stage of cognitive development. Characterized by abstract thinking that is no longer tied to physical objects or events.