Unit 2 Flashcards
What are the other names for the intervertebral motor unit
Functional motor unit
physiological motor unit
Vertebral motor unit
What is the definition of the intervertebral motor unit?
2 adjacent vertebrae and their contiguous structures
Includes all the muscles ligaments, nerves etc that both vertebrae share
What opens up the IVF?
Flexion of vertebrae
What descreases cervical lumbar lordosis but increases the thoracic kyphosis?
Flexion of spine
What motion closes the IVF?
Extension of the vertebra
what increases cervical/lumbar lordosis but decreases the thoracic kyphosis
Extension of the spine
What a re the functions of the vertebral column?
Protection and transmission Stabilization Support and weight bearing Shape and position Motion Skeletal formation Resiliency (shock absorption)
What is the common fracture of the tip of the spinous of C-7 called?
Clay shovelers fracture
What are the most common areas of thoracic compression fracture
Body of T-11 or 12
What are the most common areas for lumbar compression fracture
Body of T-12/L-1
What is the most common area for sacral fracture?
Horizontal fracture at the 3rd or 4th sacral tubercle area
__________ is 2 or more motions taking place at the same time
Coupling motion
Cervical lateral bending: ________ moves to the same direction as the lateral bending (same side).
________ moves to the opposite side or contralateral side. T-6/7 and above
Vertebral body moves to the same direction as the lateral bending
Vertebral body moves to the opposite side or contralateral side
Lumbar lateral bending: The _______ moves to the opposite side (contralateral) as lateral bending
The ______ ______ moves to the same side (Ipsilateral)
Vertebral body
Spinous process
What is the lay definition of a subluxation?
Loss of proper vertebral joint function that may affect proper nerve function and good health
A subluxation is a complex clinical entity comprising one or more of what 5 things?
Neuropathophysiology Kinesiopathophysiology Myopathology Histopathology Biochemical
Fertilization take place where?
In the distal 1/3rd of the Fallopian tubes
What are the first two main structures that begin developing in the embryo?
Spine and nervous system
Heart and vascular system
Once under the endometrial layer, the egg flattens out and becomes the ________
Germ disc
The ectodermnal flood of the amniotic cavity thickens and the center of the midline creases and becomes the ________ _______
Neural streak ( neural plate)
Once the neural streak (neural plate) then invaginates and becomes the _______ _____ which is the beginnning of the overall nervous system
Neural groove
What is the beginning of the overall nervous system?
Neural groove
________ surrounds the amniotic cavity and comes together under or anterior to the neuroectoderm tissue
Mesoderm
At the cephalon portion of the embryo, a group of cells form (from mesoderm) called the _______ _____
Primitive node or hensen’s node
From hensen’s node, cells migrate or elongate to the caudad (inferior) and form a structure that is called _________
Notochord
_______ marks the longitudinal axis of the embryonic body
Notochord
________ forms the guide for further spinal development
Notochord
When does the spine begin to form during what week?
2nd embryonic week
______ are a group of mesodermal cells that begin to line up on either side of the notochord
Somites
How many pairs of somites are there?
42 to 44
________ will eventually become vertebral bodies
Somites
What is the process of neuralation?
Neural plate Neural groove Appearance of neural crest Completion of neural tube Formation of neural crest
What do the first 4 pair of somites become?
The occiput
7 pair of somites will become
The cervical vertebrae
12 pair of somites will become the
Thoracic
5 pair of somites will become ______
5 pair of somites will become _____
Lumbar vertebrae
Sacral segments
8 to 9 pair of somites will become the _______
Coccygeal segments
What happens to any remaining somites?
Disappear or become absorbed
What dos the neural cells cells develop into?
Posterior dorsal root ganaglion and spinal nerves
