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Spinal Anatomy > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the other names for the intervertebral motor unit

A

Functional motor unit

physiological motor unit

Vertebral motor unit

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2
Q

What is the definition of the intervertebral motor unit?

A

2 adjacent vertebrae and their contiguous structures

Includes all the muscles ligaments, nerves etc that both vertebrae share

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3
Q

What opens up the IVF?

A

Flexion of vertebrae

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4
Q

What descreases cervical lumbar lordosis but increases the thoracic kyphosis?

A

Flexion of spine

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5
Q

What motion closes the IVF?

A

Extension of the vertebra

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6
Q

what increases cervical/lumbar lordosis but decreases the thoracic kyphosis

A

Extension of the spine

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7
Q

What a re the functions of the vertebral column?

A 
Protection and transmission 
Stabilization 
Support and weight bearing 
Shape and position 
Motion
Skeletal formation 
Resiliency (shock absorption)
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8
Q

What is the common fracture of the tip of the spinous of C-7 called?

A

Clay shovelers fracture

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9
Q

What are the most common areas of thoracic compression fracture

A

Body of T-11 or 12

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10
Q

What are the most common areas for lumbar compression fracture

A

Body of T-12/L-1

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11
Q

What is the most common area for sacral fracture?

A

Horizontal fracture at the 3rd or 4th sacral tubercle area

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12
Q

__________ is 2 or more motions taking place at the same time

A

Coupling motion

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13
Q

Cervical lateral bending: ________ moves to the same direction as the lateral bending (same side).
________ moves to the opposite side or contralateral side. T-6/7 and above

A

Vertebral body moves to the same direction as the lateral bending

Vertebral body moves to the opposite side or contralateral side

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14
Q

Lumbar lateral bending: The _______ moves to the opposite side (contralateral) as lateral bending
The ______ ______ moves to the same side (Ipsilateral)

A

Vertebral body

Spinous process

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15
Q

What is the lay definition of a subluxation?

A

Loss of proper vertebral joint function that may affect proper nerve function and good health

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16
Q

A subluxation is a complex clinical entity comprising one or more of what 5 things?

A 
Neuropathophysiology 
Kinesiopathophysiology 
Myopathology
Histopathology
Biochemical
17
Q

Fertilization take place where?

A

In the distal 1/3rd of the Fallopian tubes

18
Q

What are the first two main structures that begin developing in the embryo?

A

Spine and nervous system

Heart and vascular system

19
Q

Once under the endometrial layer, the egg flattens out and becomes the ________

A

Germ disc

20
Q

The ectodermnal flood of the amniotic cavity thickens and the center of the midline creases and becomes the ________ _______

A

Neural streak ( neural plate)

21
Q

Once the neural streak (neural plate) then invaginates and becomes the _______ _____ which is the beginnning of the overall nervous system

A

Neural groove

22
Q

What is the beginning of the overall nervous system?

A

Neural groove

23
Q

________ surrounds the amniotic cavity and comes together under or anterior to the neuroectoderm tissue

A

Mesoderm

24
Q

At the cephalon portion of the embryo, a group of cells form (from mesoderm) called the _______ _____

A

Primitive node or hensen’s node

25
Q

From hensen’s node, cells migrate or elongate to the caudad (inferior) and form a structure that is called _________

A

Notochord

26
Q

_______ marks the longitudinal axis of the embryonic body

A

Notochord

27
Q

________ forms the guide for further spinal development

A

Notochord

28
Q

When does the spine begin to form during what week?

A

2nd embryonic week

29
Q

______ are a group of mesodermal cells that begin to line up on either side of the notochord

A

Somites

30
Q

How many pairs of somites are there?

A

42 to 44

31
Q

________ will eventually become vertebral bodies

A

Somites

32
Q

What is the process of neuralation?

A 
Neural plate
Neural groove 
Appearance of neural crest 
Completion of neural tube 
Formation of neural crest
33
Q

What do the first 4 pair of somites become?

A

The occiput

34
Q

7 pair of somites will become

A

The cervical vertebrae

35
Q

12 pair of somites will become the

A

Thoracic

36
Q

5 pair of somites will become ______

5 pair of somites will become _____

A

Lumbar vertebrae

Sacral segments

37
Q

8 to 9 pair of somites will become the _______

A

Coccygeal segments

38
Q

What happens to any remaining somites?

A

Disappear or become absorbed

39
Q

What dos the neural cells cells develop into?

A

Posterior dorsal root ganaglion and spinal nerves

Spinal Anatomy (4 decks)

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