Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Perception

A

The process by which we notice and make sense of phenomena. The active process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting people, objects etc

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2
Q

Types of nonverbal communication

A

Kinesies, Haptics, Physical appearance, Olfactics, Artifacts, Proxemics, Environmental factors, Chronemics. Paralanguage, Silence

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3
Q

Self serving bias

A

Attributions that serve the self interest of the person contracting the attribution. (I aced that test because I am brilliant) (I failed that test because the professor is horrible).

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4
Q

Nonverbal communication

A

Includes all aspects of communication excluding words..
It’s ambiguous, it interacts with verbal, regulates interactions, establishes relationship levels, and reflects cultural values.

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5
Q

Constructivism

A

Constructivism is a theory that states that we organize and interpret experience by applying cognitive structures called cognitive schemata. We rely on four schemata to make sense of phenomena: prototypes, personal constructs, stereotypes, and scripts.

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6
Q

Prototype

A

Knowledge structures that define the clearest and most ideal examples of a category.

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7
Q

Personal construct

A

A mental yardstick that allows us to measure a person along a bipolar dimension of judgment. (what is good vs bad)

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8
Q

Stereotypes

A

Predictive generalizations about a person or situation. Connected to power

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9
Q

Scripts

A

Sequence of activities that spells out how we and others are expected to act on a specific situation.

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10
Q

Critical features of language

A
  1. It is arbitrary (verbal symbols are not intrinsically connected to what they represent)
  2. It is ambiguous (It doesn’t have clear cut, precise meanings).
  3. It is abstract (words are not the phenomena to which they refer. They stand for those ideas, people, feelings etc)
  4. It is not neutral (loaded with values)
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11
Q

Silence

A

A lack of communicating sound. Although silence is quiet, it can communicate powerful messages.

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12
Q

Kinesics

A

Face and body motion

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13
Q

Haptics

A

Touch

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14
Q

Olfactics

A

Smell

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15
Q

Artifacts

A

Personal objects

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16
Q

Proxemics

A

Personal space

17
Q

Chronemics

A

Perception and use of time

18
Q

Paralanguage

A

Vocal qualities.

19
Q

Cognitive complexity

A

the number of personal constructs used (bipolar dimensions of judgment), how abstract they are, and how elaborately they interact to shape perceptions. Children have simpler cognitive complexity and adults have more complexity. Influences your perceptions of others.

20
Q

Physiological factors

A

Influence our perception. 5 senses = physiologies and sensory abilities. (not the same for everyone) Physiological states = tiredness, stress

21
Q

Verbal communication

A

Language; does not include inflection, accent, volume, pitch, or other paralinguistic features of speech.