Unit 2

Question 0

How many minerals are there? Examples

Answer 0

35 000+ ex. Calcite, gypsum, quartz, mica

Question 1

What is the difference between a rock and a mineral?

Answer 1

Minerals are in rocks, minerals are the building blocks of rocks

Question 2

What are the properties of a mineral?

Answer 2

Color
Lustre-reflects light
Streak-color left behind when scratched
Cleavage/Fracture-way it breaks, smooth and rough uneven surfaces
Hardness-how easily it can be scratched

Question 3

What are the three types of rocks?

Answer 3

Sedimentary, igneous, and metamorphic

Question 4

What are intrusive and extrusive rock?

Answer 4

Intrusive-magma that cooled and hardened below the surface

Extrusive-lava that cooled and hardened below the surface

Question 5

How are the three types of rocks formed?

Answer 5

Igneous-cooling of melted rock(lava)
Sedimentary-compacting sediments
Metamorphic-through intense heat and pressure

Question 6

What are some tools that geologists use to research the crust?

Answer 6

Remote sensing-mapping of earths surface from aircraft/orbiting satellites
Geophysical prospecting-using instruments to detect what’s hidden deep underground
Geochemical prospecting- analyzing samples
Exploration-drilling holes

Question 7

What is the Precambrian shield?

Answer 7

Rock formation formed between 544 and 4500 millions years ago
Layer of metamorphic and igneous rock
Worlds oldest layer of rock