Unit 2 Flashcards
THERM, THERMO
Warm, Hot
thermochemistry: the chemistry of heat
thermoduric: able to survive high temperatures thermolabile: subject to change or destruction by heating
HETERO
Other, Different
heterogeneous: composed of unlike parts, different, diverse
heterodyne: having alternating currents of two different frequencies producing two new ones
heterodox: different from acknowledged standard
PHON
Sound, Voice
phonic: related to sound
phonetics: study of speech sounds
cacophony: jarring, discordant sound
GEO
Earth
geology: science that studies the structure and composition of the Earth
geography: science that studies the Earth and the distribution of life on it
geocentric: having the Earth as center
NOM, NYM, NOMEN
Name
misnomer: incorrect name
nominal: in name only
synonym: word with a meaning similar to another
ORTHO
Straight, Correct
orthopraxy: correct action
orthodontics: correction of irregularity of teeth orthopedics: correcting physical deformities
SEM
Seed, Sow
disseminate: to scatter widely, to spread
SUPER, SUR
Over, Above
superior: higher than another in rank or authority supersede: take the place of
insuperable: insurmountable, unconquerable
superlative: the highest orders
VOL
To Wish, Choice
voluntary: done of one’s own free will
volition: act of making a conscious choice
benevolent: characterized by doing good
malevolent: characterized by or expressing bad will
ETH, ETHOS
Character
ethos: character peculiar to a person, people, or culture
ethics: rules that govern conduct of people or members of a profession
ethology: the study of human ethos
CARN
Flesh
carnal: of the flesh or body
carnivore: animal of plants that feeds on flesh incarnate: give bodily form to
carnage: massive slaughter, as in war
TEN, TAIN
Hold
detain: delay; keep from proceeding
pertain: relate to
tenacious: stubborn, holding firm
tenure: a period during which something is held
AUD, AUDI, AUS
Bold, Daring, Listen, Hear
auditorium: part of a theater where the audience sits audible: capable of being heard
audacity: fearless, daring, and adventurousness
HOM, HOMO, HUMAN
Man, Humanity
humane: characterized by kindness or compassion
humanitarian: relating to the promotion of human welfare
hominid: belonging to the family Hominidae, which includes apes and man
MICRO
Very Small
microscopic: too small to be seen by the unaided eye but large enough to be studied under a microscope microbiota: microscopic life of an area
microdont: having small teeth
BIO
Life
biosphere: part of the Earth’s surface and atmosphere in which life exists
biotic: produced by living systems
symbiotic: relating to a relationship of mutual benefit or dependence
PLAC
Please
placid: pleasantly calm or peaceful
placate: lessen another’s anger; pacify
implacable: inflexible, incapable of being appeased complacent: self-satisfied
SOLV, SOLU
Free, Loosen, Dissolve
dissolve: make something pass into solution; melt
soluble: able to be dissolved; possible to solve
solute: a substance dissolved in another one dissolution: disintegration; debauchery
E, EX
Apart, Above, Away, Beyond, From, Out
emit: send out
enervate: weaken
extricate: free from
exhale: breathe out
SUMM
Highest
consummate: to bring to completion or fruition
DOC, DOCT
Teach, Prove
docent: lecturer
doctrine: principle or system presented for acceptance or belief
indoctrinate: instruct in a body of principles
docile: willing to be taught; yielding to supervision
DEL
Erase
deleterious: harmful, injurious
SCRIBE, SCRIP
Write
proscribe: to condemn as harmful and odious
ascribe: attribute to a cause or source
manuscript: a document written by hand
nondescript: lacking interesting or distinctive qualities; dull
PALP
Feel
palpable: capable of being handled, touched, or felt
CRE, CRESC, CRET, CRU
Rise, Grow
accrue: increase; come about as a result of growth crescent: increasing; waxing, as the moon
crescendo: in music, a gradual increase in the volume or intensity of sound
increment: something added; process of increasing
PAS, PAT, PATH
Suffer, Feel, Disease
pathos: pity, compassion dispassionate: impartial; unaffected by emotion
compassion: sympathy for someone struck by misfortune pathogenic: causing disease
sympathy: harmony or agreement in feeling
PON, POS
Put, Place
compose: constitute or form
component: an element or ingredient
composite: made up of components
oppose: place so as to be opposite something else repose: place; to lay down
ACOU
Hearing
acoustic: of or relating to sound
PAC
Peace
pact: a treaty
pacifist: person opposed to war or violence between nations
pacify: to restore calm, bring peace
pacific: calm; peaceful
RADIC, RAM
Root, Branch
radical: arising from or going to a root or source
ramification: the act or process of branching out or dividing into branches
PROXIM
Nearest
proxy: a person authorized to act for another
COSM
Order, Universe, World
microcosm: small representative system having analogies to a larger system
cosmic: relating to the universe; infinite; vast cosmos: the universe as a harmonious whole
IN, IM, I
In, On, Upon, Not
incarnate: having bodily form
inclusive: tending to include all
incongruity: state of not fitting
implicit: not expressly stated, implied
VEH, VECT
Carry
vehicular: relating to vehicles
vector: a course or direction
vectoring: guiding by radio communication according to vectors
convection: transmission
BE
Thoroughly, Over
befuddled: confused; perplexed
besmirched: stained, soiled
bedecked: adorned in a showy manner
bedizen: dress in a showy manner
GAM
Marriage
polygamous: having more than one wife or husband at a time
endogamy: marriage within a particular group exogamy: marriage outside a social unit
GRAV, GRIEV
Serious, Heavy, Harmful
gravity: seriousness
grave: requiring serious thought
grievous: causing grief or pain
aggrieved: afflicted; distressed
LOC, LOG, LOQU
Word, Talk, Speech, Thought
eulogy: speech or writing in praise of someone loquacious: talkative
colloquial: typical of informal speech
soliloquy: literary or dramatic speech by one character, not addressed to others
SCOP
Examine, Observe, Watch
scopic: visual
periscope: optical instrument used to see things from a position not in a direct line of sight
microscopic: too small to be seen with the naked eye
TORT, TORT, TORQU
Twist, Turn
retort: quick caustic reply that turns the first speaker’s words to one’s own advantage
torsion: act of twisting or turning
contort: twist out of shape
torque: turning or twisting force
LECT, LEG, LIG
Read, Choose
legible: readable
select: make a choice
election: ability to make a choice
predilection: preference; liking
PROTO
First, Earliest
protogenic: formed at the beginning
prototype: an original model
protomorphic: primitive
protoplast: an original ancestor
ERR
Wander
erratic: deviating from the proper course, or usual conduct
JUR, JUS, JUD
Swear, Law, Judge, Just
judicious: wise, sound in judgment
perjure: tell a lie under oath
jurisprudence: philosophy of law
justice: qualify of being honorable and fair
ACU
Sharp
acumen: keenness of judgment
acuminate: tapering to a point; make sharp; taper acupuncture: therapeutic technique that uses needles to relieve pain
aculeate: having a stinger; having sharp prickles
ACT, AG
Drive, Do, Lead, Act, Move
active: being in physical motion
actuate: put into motion; activate
agenda: list or program of things to be done
agency: condition of being in action
PYR
Fire
pyre: a pile of combustibles
HYPO
Breathe, Lower, Under
hypothetical: based on assumptions of hypotheses hypothermia: abnormally low body temperature hypoglycemia: abnormally low glucose level in the blood
hypochondria: unfounded belief that one is likely to become ill
AMPH, AMPHI
Around, Double, On both sides
amphibian: animal that can live both on land and in water
amphora: two-handled Greek or Roman jar
amphibolous: having a grammatical structure that allows two interpretations
DON
Give
donation: the act of giving to a cause or charity
donor: one who contributes a donation to a cause or charity
donary: a votive offering; a gift
HERB
Vegetation
herbal: relating to or containing herbs
herbicide: chemical that destroys plants or weeds herbaceous: characteristic of an herb
herbivorous: feeding mainly on plants
DI, DIF, DIS
Away, Apart, Not
diffuse: to pour out and spread, as a fluid
disperse: to send off in various directions
dissuade: to persuade someone to alter intentions disseminate: to spread; scatter
CED, CEED, CESS
Yield, Go, Surrender, Move
antecedent: existing, being, or going before
incessant: without stop
cede: surrender; yield
acceded: agree to
LAV, LAU, LU
Wash
lavatory: room with equipment for washing
ablution: act of cleansing
ZO, ZOO
Animal
zoology: study of the structure and classification of animals
zoogenic: produced by animals
zoonosis: animal disease that can be transmitted to human beings
ICON
Image, Idol
iconoclast: one who attacks and seeks to overthrow traditional or popular ideas or institutions
NOX, NOC
Harm
noxious: injurious or harmful
innocuous: having no adverse effect
OPTI, OPTO
Eye, Vision
optimistic: looking on the positive side
optometry: measuring and testing vision
optical: of or relating to sight
ROG, ROGAT
Ask
interrogatory: asking a question
prerogative: a special right or privilege
rogatory: requesting information
rogation: solemn prayer
ALI
Another
alien: characteristic of another place or society; strange
alienation: emotional isolation or disassociation inalienable: not capable of being surrendered
alibi: fact of absence from the scene of the crime
JOUR
Day
sojourn: a temporary stay
CAP, CAPIT
Head per capita: per unit of population capitol: building in which a state legislature meets capitulate: surrender captain: someone who commands others
CRYPT
Hide
apocryphal: of doubtful authorship or authenticity
PAN, PANT
All, Every
panegyric: elaborate praise
STAS, STAT
Stand, Being in a Place, Position
stationary: not moving
static: having no motion; fixed
state: condition of being
status: position or standing in relation to that of others
TAC, TIC
Silent
tacit: unspoken understanding
reticent: disposed to be silent
ALT
High, Deep
exaltation: condition of being raised up in rank altimeter: instrument that measures elevation
Altiplano: high plateau
altitude: height of something above a certain reference level
BI, BIN
Two, Twice, Double
bilateral: pertaining to or affecting both sides
bicuspid: having two points
bivalve: having a shell composed of two valves
NON
Not
nonplussed: bewildered
nondescript: lacking interesting or distinctive qualities; dull
nonchalant: seeming to be coolly unconcerned or indifferent
PERI
Around
peripatetic: walking or traveling about, itinerant, nomadic
periosteal: around a bone
perigee: point in orbit nearest Earth
periphrasis: circumlocution
TORP
Stiff, Numb
torpor: lethargy, apathy
DIA
Through, Across, Between
dilatory: inclined to delay or procrastinate
diagram: drawing that explains the relationship between parts of a whole
diachronic: concerned with phenomena as they change through time
diaphanous: so fine as to be almost transparent or translucent
LIBER
Free
liberal: tolerant, broad-minded; generous, lavish liberation: freedom, emancipation
libertine: one without moral restraint
illiberal: bigoted; narrow-minded
PAR
Equal
parity: equality
par: equality or status of value
disparity: difference
apartheid: a system of discrimination based on race formerly existing in South Africa
QUIESC, QUIET
Quiet, Rest
quiescent: being quiet, still, or at rest; inactive
quietude: tranquility
SENS, SENT
Feel, Be Aware
sensate: perceived by the senses
insensible: unconscious; unresponsive
sentiment: a view based on emotion rather than reason sentient: aware, conscious, able to perceive
ENDO
Within, Inside
endomorph: a mineral enclosed inside another mineral endogenous: growing from within; produced inside an organism
endocardial: relating to a membrane that lines the heart’s interior
TEST
Witness
attest: to certify in an official capacity
MAND
Command, Order
countermand: cancel or reverse a previous order mandate: authoritative order or instruction
mandatory: command by authority
mandamus: an order issued by a superior court to a lower court
DUC, DUCT
Lead, Pull
seduce: lead away from duty or proper conduct abduct: carry off by force
viaduct: series of arches used to carry a road over a valley or other roads
ductile: easily drawn into wire; easily molded
FERV
Boil
fervor: passion, zeal
LEV
Lift, Light, Rise
levity: light manner or attitude
levitate: rise in the air or cause to rise
lever: a means of accomplishing something
alleviate: to make easier to endure, lessen
VICT, VINC, VANQ
Conquer
victory: defeat of an enemy; triumph
evict: force out; expel
invincible: impossible to overcome or defeat
vanquish: conquer in battle; subjugate
CORD, CARD
Heart
concord: agreement, peace
cardiac: pertaining to the heart
INTER
Between, Among, Within, Mutual
intervene: come between
interpose: insert; intervene
interregnum: interval between regions
intersperse: distribute among; mix with
LING, LANG
Tongue
language: communication of thoughts and feelings through a system of arbitrary signals
PICT
Paint
picture: an image rendered on a flat surface depict: represent in a picture
picturesque: of a picture; quaintly attractive
pictorial: relating to or composed of pictures
AMBL, AMBUL
Walk
ambulate: walk from place to place
amble: walk slowly
perambulate: walk about
ambulatory: capable of walking
ABLE, IBLE
Capable Of, Worth Of
amenable: willing to respond to persuasion or suggestion
DE
Down, Out, Away From, Apart, Against, Thoroughly
demolish: tear down completely
deplore: disapprove of; regret
denounce: condemn
deprecate: belittle; express disapproval
PRO
Much, For, A Lot, In Favor of
proponent: a supporter
propensity: inclination; tendency
proclivity: tendency
prodigal: wasteful or recklessly extravagant
PER
Through, Completely
peregrinate: wander through
percutaneous: effecting something through the skin permeable: penetrable
pervasive: spread throughout every part
SUA
Smooth
assuage: to make less severe
BELL, BELLI
War
belligerent: given to waging war
rebel: carry out armed resistance to the government bellicose: aggressive; warlike
OLIG
Few, Little
oligarchy: government by only a few
oligodontous: having few teeth
oligophagous: eating only a few kinds of food
CHRON
Time, A Long Time
chronic: constant; prolonged
chronicle: record of historical events
anachronism: something out of the proper time chronology: arrangement in order of occurrence
GNO, GNI, COGN, CONN
Know
ignore: refuse to take notice
recognize: to identify as already known
reconnaissance: act of scouting or exploring an area to gain information
JUV
Young
rejuvenate: to restore youthful appearance or vigor
SURG, SURRECT
Rise
insurgent: rising in revolt
insurrection: organized rebellion
RUB, RUD
Red
rubicund: inclined to a healthy rosiness
ruddy: having a healthy, reddish color
EPI
Upon, Over, Near
epidermis: outer layer of skin covering the dermis epidemic: widely prevalent
epigeal: living in or near the surface of the ground
SANGUI
Blood
sanguine: the color of blood, cheerfully confident & optimistic
