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quick hit pharm final > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

cholinomimetic that is selective for nicotonic receptors because of extra methyl group used to treat ileus and urinary retention

A

bethanechol

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2
Q

cholinergic side effects

A 
Salivation
Lacrimation
Urination
Defecation
GI distress
Emesis
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3
Q

contraindications to cholinomimetics

A

hyperthyroidism, bradycardia, asthma, peptic ulcer

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4
Q

AchE Inhibitor used in ileus and reversal of neuromuscular blockade w/ SE of skel muscle paralysis if over stimulated

A

neostigmine

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5
Q

AchE Inhibitor used in glaucoma

A

physostigmine

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6
Q

v. short acting AchE inhibitor used in differentiating myasthenia gravis from Ach crisis

A

edrophnium

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7
Q

Blocks muscarinic receptors (blocks parasymp innervation at target organs)

A

atropine

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8
Q

atropine SEs

A

cardiac slowing, dry mouth, no sweating, inc HR, palpitations, blurred vision and hyperthermia in kids… “dry as a bone, blind as a bat, red as a beet, mad as a hatter”

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9
Q

antimuscarinic used for motion sickness

A

scopolamine

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10
Q

antimuscarinic that blocks vagal pathway mediating reflex bronchoconstriction used in asthma or COPD

A

iptratropium

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11
Q

depolarizing blocker that overstimulates nicotonic receptor, leading to desensitization of muscle unit to further Ach stim (used for brief procedures)

A

succinylcholine

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12
Q

Blocks vesicle fusion and Ach release on presynaptic terminal by degrading SNAP-25

A

botox

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13
Q

a1, a2, B1 –> big inc BP

A

norepi

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14
Q

a1, (a2), B1, B2 –> inc BP

A

epi

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15
Q

inc NE release

A

amphetamine

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16
Q

a1

A

vascular constriction

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17
Q

a2

A

inhibit NE release

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18
Q

B1

A

inc HR & contractility, renin secretion

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19
Q

B2

A

dilate arteries, bronchial relax

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20
Q

D1

A

dilate renal, mesenteric and cerebral arteries

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21
Q

B2 selective reverses exercise-induced bronchospasm/ asthma

A

terbutaline

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22
Q

a1 agonist causes reflex bradycardia on rapid withdrawal (used for nasal congestion)

A

phenylephrine

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23
Q

D1, a1, B1 agonist used in shock

A

dopamine

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24
Q

non-competitive blocker of a1 & a2 used for raynauds

A

phenoxybenzamine

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25
Q

a1 selective antagonist causes vasodilation used in raynauds vasospasm

A

prazosin

26
Q

B1, B2 antagonist used for migraines, angina, HTN and arrhythmias (not for CHF)

A

propanolol

27
Q

B1 selective antagonist safe in asthmatics (for CHF, angina, arrhythmias, HTN)

A

atenolol

28
Q

B1, B2 antagonist with some a1 antagonism (for CHF)

A

carvedilol

29
Q

prevents NE reuptake

A

cocaine

30
Q

inhibits tyrosine hydroxylase (decreases NE synth)

A

a-me-tyrosine

31
Q

non-selective NSAID eliminates pain and reduces inflam but doesn’t slow disease progression (for gout and RA)

A

indomethacin

32
Q

RA drug blocks binding of TNF to TNF receptors

A

etanercept & infliximab

33
Q

RA drug IL-1 receptor antagonist

A

anakinra

34
Q

for acute gouty arthritis: prevents tubulin polymerization and inhibits leukocyte migration

A

colchicine

35
Q

for chronic gout: inhibits urate reabsoprtion

A

probenecid

36
Q

for chronic gout: reduces uric acid synth by inhibiting xanthine oxidase

A

allopurinol

37
Q

for malaria: accum in parasite’s food vacuole and disrupts heme polymerization

A

quinine

38
Q

prophylaxis of malaria but has many resistance strains in africa EXCEPT p. falciparum

A

chloroquine

39
Q

prevents malria relapses by forming quinolone-quinone intermediates that oxidize schizont membranes… causes anemia in G6PD deficiency pts

A

primaquine

40
Q

for malaria: inhibits ETC in parasites (combo)

A

atovaquone and proguanil

41
Q

H1 antagonist SEs (ie diphenhydramine)

A

sedation, convulsions, local anesthesia, anti-muscarinic effects… not effective against colds and bronchial asthma

42
Q

H1 antagonist used as antiemetic with sedating SEs

A

promethazine

43
Q

H1 antagonist used for allergic rhinitis w.o sedation

A

loratadine

44
Q

H2 antagonist that has SE of inhibiting P450 enzymes so it potentiates other drugs

A

cimetidine

45
Q

H2 antagonist with liver toxicity

A

ranitidine

46
Q

H2 antagonist used for duodenal and gastric ulcers with low SE profile

A

nizatidine

47
Q

antihistamine used for urticaria and diarrhea of carcinoid syndrome

A

cyproheptadine

48
Q

used for prodrome of migraines

A

ergotamine

49
Q

migraine treatment

A

triptans

50
Q

irreversibly acetylates COX1 &2; antiplatelet with SE of GI irritation and bleeding. No effect on visceral pain (only blocks eicosinoids)

A

aspirin

51
Q

injectable NSAID used for post-op pain

A

ketorolac

52
Q

selective to Cox-2 so less GI toxicity than traditional NSAIDs

A

celecoxib

53
Q

given before warfarin to prevent thrombosis (since warfarin depresses protein C at first too)

A

heparin

54
Q

used for recurrent DVT, monitored by PT/INR; reversed by vitK or fresh frozen plasma

A

warfarin

55
Q

for acute venous thromboembolism

A

LMWH & tPA

56
Q

inhibits platelet ADP receptors

A

clopidogrel

57
Q

in derm, used for psoriasis but causes atrophy of skin

A

hydrocortisone

58
Q

inhibits DHFR, causes hepatotoxicity

A

MTX

59
Q

immunosuppresses T cells used in inflam skin conditions

A

PUVA

60
Q

acne tx not suitable in pregnancy

A

isotretinoin

quick hit pharm final (3 decks)

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