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Bacteriology > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

part 1

1
Q

the outermost structure of bacterial cell

A

cell envelope

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2
Q

complex structure that forms the two “wrappers” - the cell wall and the cell membrane

A

cell envelope

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3
Q
A
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4
Q

maintain the shape of the cell

A

cell wall

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5
Q

primary target of antimicrobial agents

A

cell wall

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6
Q

composed of very thick and rigid peptidoglycan layer

A

gram positive cell walls

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7
Q

contains techoic acids

A

gram positive cell walls

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8
Q

the outer membrane of gram negative cell wall is separated by a gap, called the __________.

A

periplasm

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9
Q

provides a barrier to detergents

A

outer membrane

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10
Q

the inner half of outer membrane contains _____________

A

phospolipids

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11
Q

the outer half of outer membrane contains _____________

A

lipopolysaccharide

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12
Q

unique proteins that is found in outer membrane

A

porins

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13
Q

have a gram positivce cell wall structures containing a waxy layer of glycolipids and fatty acids bound to the exterior of the cell wal

A

acid-fast cell wall

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14
Q

Example of acid-fast cell wall

A

mycobacterium and nocardia

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15
Q

also known as plasma membrane

A

cell membrane

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16
Q

breaks down nutrients and produce ATP

A

cell membrane

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17
Q

the substance of the cell inside the plasma

A

cytoplasm

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18
Q

a semifluid mass of proteins, amino acids, sugars, nucleotides, salts, vitamins, and ions

A

cytosol

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19
Q

this contains bacterial chromosome

A

nucleoloid

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20
Q

houses extra chromosomes

A

plasmid

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21
Q

self-replicating cellular structure

A

plasmid

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22
Q

responsible for the production of B-lactamases

A

large plasmid

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23
Q

resistant to tetracyclines and chloramphenicol

A

small plasmid

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24
Q

site for protein synthesis

A

ribosomes

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25
Q

reserve deposits

A

inclusions

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26
Q

reserve for inorganic phospate

A

metachromatic granules

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27
Q

consists of glycogen and starch

A

polysaccharide granules

28
Q

contains ribulose 1.5-diphospate carboxylase (enzyme)

A

carboxysomes

29
Q

hollow cavities

A

gas vacuoles

30
Q

structure that helps cells maintain their shape

A

cytoskeleton

31
Q

the process of spore formation

A

sporogenesis

32
Q

end of spore’s dominant stage

A

germination

33
Q

discovered that there are bacteria that withstand boiling of heat

A

ferdinand cohn

34
Q

heat resistant structures

A

endospores

35
Q

protects agains desiccation

A

glycocalyx

36
Q

organ of locomotion

A

flagella

37
Q

long outermost region of flagella

A

filament

38
Q

where the filament of flagella is attached

A

hook

39
Q

anchors the flagellum to the cell wall

A

basal body

40
Q

atrichous

A

no flagella

41
Q

surrounds the bacterial cell

A

peritrichous

42
Q

monotrichous

A

one flagella

43
Q

lophotrichous

A

single pole

44
Q

amphitrichous

A

both poles

45
Q

ability of an organism to move

A

motility

46
Q

bacteria going in 1 direction

A

true motility

47
Q

bacteria bounces back and forth rapidly

A

brownian movement

48
Q

the movement of a bacterium toward or away from a particular stimulus

A

taxis

49
Q

genetic transfer or conjugation process

A

sex pili

50
Q

size of bacteria

A

0.2 - 2.1 mm in diameter and 2-8 mm in length

51
Q

largest bacterium known

A

Thiomargarita namibiensis

52
Q

size of cocci

A

0.5-1.0 mm

53
Q

remains in parts after dividing (cocci)

A

diplococci

54
Q

divides and remain attached in chain-like patterns (cocci)

A

streptococci

55
Q

divide in two planes and remains in group of 4 (cocci)

A

tetrads

56
Q

divide into 3 planes and remain attached in cubelike groups of 8 (cocci)

A

sarcinae

57
Q

divide into multiple planes and form grapelike clusters (cocci)

A

staphylococci

58
Q

rod -shaped bacterium

A

bacilli

59
Q

size of bacilli

A

1-10 um in length by 0.3-1.0 um in width

60
Q

pairs after division (bacilli)

A

diplobacilli

61
Q

appears in chains (bacilli)

A

steptrobacilli

62
Q

oval and look so much like cocci (bacilli)

A

coccobacilli

63
Q

tapered, pointed ends (bacilli)

A

fusiform

64
Q

have one or more twists and never straight (bacteria)

A

spiral bacteria

65
Q

bacteria that look like curved rods

A

vibrio

66
Q

have a helical shape

A

spirilla

67
Q

helical and flexible, has endoflagella and using actual filaments

A

spirochete

Bacteriology (8 decks)

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