UNIT 2 Flashcards
Name the structure within the testes which produces the male gamete
Seminiferous tubules
Name the structure within the testes which produces testosterone
Interstitial cells
Describe the function of the prostate gland and seminal vesicles
Secrete fluids that maintain the mobility and viability of the sperm
Name the part of the brain which secretes a releaser hormone
Hypothalamus
Describe the role of the releaser hormone
Stimulates pituitary gland to produce hormones that trigger puberty
Name the part of the brain which secretes FSH, ICSH and LH
Pituitary gland
Describe the effect of FSH and ICSH on the testes
FSH acts on semeinferous tuboulues, it promotes sperm production,
and
ICSH acts on interstitial cells, its stimulates testosterone production.
Describe the effects of testosterone
Stimulates sperm production
and activates prostate gland and seminal vesicles.
Name the hormones which are inhibited by high levels of testosterone
FSH and ICSH.
Explain how levels of testosterone are controlled by negative feedback
As testosterone levels increase it inhibits secretion of FSH and ICSH
This causes the levels of FSH and ICSH to decrease reducing the volume of testosterone production.
As testosterone levels decrease, inhibitory effect is switched off and levels of FSH and ICSH increase
This causes an increase in testosterone level
Name the structure where ova mature
Follicle
Describe the role of the follicle
Protectsthe developing ovum and secretes hormones (oestrogen)
State the site of fertilisation in females
Oviduct
Describe the process of fertilisation
Fusion of gamete nuclei to form zygote, which divides into embryo.
State the length of the average menstrual cycle
28 days, first day of mesutration is regarded as day one.
Name the first phase of the menstrual cycle
Follicular Phase
Describe the effect of FSH on the ovary
Stimulates follicle development and oestrogen production.
Name the hormone produced by the follicle
Oestrogen.
Describe the effects of oestrogen
stimulates proliferation of the endometruim , preparing it for implantation.
it also affects the consistency of cervial mucus, becoming thin and watery
Explain why the consistency of cervical mucus changes during the follicular phase
to make it easily penetrable by sperm.
Describe what happens to the LH levels following peak levels of oestrogen
There is a surge in LH.causing ovulation
Name the event which occurs following a surge in LH
Ovulation
Describe the process of ovulation
Release of matureovum from a follicle, usually occurs in mid-point of the cycle.
Name the second phase of the menstrual cycle
Luteal phase.