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Religion > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Who is Moses?

A

Honoured unlike any other in the Jewish tradition.
–>He is the prophet, the law giver, and the founding father of the Israelites.

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2
Q

The Great “I AM”

A

In the book of Exodus God tells Moses his name is YHWH. Which means “I am who I am.”
–>A name inextricably linked to your identity.

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3
Q

The Meaning of God’s Name for Moses

A

1) The Name has CONSEQUENCES for Moses.
2) YHWH is a Name with POWER.
3) The Name results in a NEW WAY OF LIVING.
4) The Name is a source of JUDGEMENT.

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4
Q

God’s Name has consequences for Moses

A

Moses’ encounter with God changes his life in a radical way.
–> Moses is called by God (vocation) to deliver the Israelites out of Egypt.

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5
Q

YHWH is a Name With Power.

A

God’s revelation to Moses and to the Israelites give the people power.
–> They were a nation of slaver who become the people chosen by God.

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6
Q

The Name Results In a New Way of Living

A

A new covenant is formed between God and the Isrealites in the gift of the Ten Commandments.
–> These commandments establish the ethical laws in which the Israelites are to live by, forming a new way of living.

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7
Q

The Name is a Source of Judgement

A

The revelation of God’s Name provokes a decision from those who hear it.
–> The name is a blessing but can also be a curse, for Egypt “the name” becomes a curse.

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8
Q

Ten Commandments

A

Given by God.
–> Focus on our relationship with God and the Other.
–> Have strongly shaped the Christian Ethic.

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9
Q

Covenants: Its Origins

A

Binding agreement between two parties that spells out the conditions and obligations of each party.
—>The covenant with God of a covenant of LOVE.
—>Despite the human propensity to fail God’s commitment is forever.

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10
Q

Covenant Exhibits 5 Traits

A

1) THE PREAMBLE
2) THE HISTORICAL PROLOGUE
3) THE SUBMISSION
4) THE WITNESSES
5) THE BLESSINGS AND CURSES

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11
Q

What is a Prophet?

A

A person who is tasked to be an intermediary between God and people.
—>To be the first to receive God’s message and be God’s voice to the people. Often a prophet has to try and convince people that God has sent them.
—>When God sends a person on a mission, it is often termed a “call story”.

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12
Q

The Preamble

A

Names and ties and establishments.

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13
Q

The Historical Prologue

A

The events of the past that led to this point are established.

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14
Q

The Submission

A

What the strong expected of the serving group.

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15
Q

The Witnesses

A

People/ deities that the groups subscribed to, but could also be a geographical reference.

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16
Q

The Blessings and Curses

A

Detailing what will happen if the treaty is upheld or broken.

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17
Q

The Structure of a Call Story

A

1) Confrontation with God
2) Introductory Speech
3) Imparting a Mission
4) Objection by the prophet-to-be
5) Reassurance by God
6) The Sign

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18
Q

Interpreting Scripture

A

1) Exegesis
2) Hermeneutics

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19
Q

Exegesis

A

It is the study of scripture texts in their original context. Uncovering the historical, cultural, linguistic, etc. particularities that the original was dealing with in order to better understand the original meaning and intent of a text.

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20
Q

Hermeneutics

A

It is a way of interpretation of the reading and events to help us understand what they mean for us in the 21st century.

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21
Q

Matthew’s Gospel

A

The Gospel was written:
—>In city of Antioch (modern day Turkey)
—>50-60 years after death of Jesus
—>10-20 years after destruction of Temple in Jerusalem

—>For Jewish community - concerned with the followers of Jesus and the Jewish traditions (rabbis).

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22
Q

Historical Context

A

Conflict between rabbis & Pharisees refused to let followers of Jesus in the synagogues - a division of religions was formed with the destruction of the Temple in 70 AD.
—>Rabbinic Judaism was formed - main form of Judaism today.
—>Christians - followers of Jesus, formed in the early Church.

Teachings of Jesus had been preserved through oral tradition - Matthew wrote down selected, edited teachings of Jesus.
—>The teachings warned the followers of Jesus to remain united, accept all people even sinners.
—>Only gospel to speaks of the church.

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23
Q

Jesus as the Ultimate Teacher’

A

In the Gospel of Matthew, Jesus will be a constant presence in his CHURCH as a teacher.

This text also establish Jesus’ AUTHORITY to teach. It links Jesus to both Abraham and King David through the geneology of the beginning of the text.

Jesus is the ‘NEW TORAH’ - the laws of Moses are fulfilled through Jesus.

24
Q

Matthew’s Church & ‘Kingdom of God’

A

PAROUISA : Refers to the second coming of Christ, “at the end of the age”.

—>This time ends time.
—>All will be judged both living and dead.
—>Anticipated return of Jesus to Earth.

25
Q

Kingdom of God/ Kingdom of Heaven

A

NOT a place but a symbol or metaphor for GOD.
—>Remember: Jewish people would not say the name of God out of respect for God, they use other names like “Kingdom of Heaven” or “Kingdom of God Has Come.”

When Jesus used these terms he is also saying that God is among you.
—>The Kingdom is revealed both through Jesus’ teaching and his actions.

26
Q

Sermon on the Mount

A

Found only in the Gospel of Matthew
—>Jesus’ explanation on how to find happiness and to live a good and meaningful life.
—>Focused on Jesus’ central teaching of “love our enemies” (universal love)
—>It begins with “The Beatitudes”

27
Q

Ethics of the Sermon on the Mount

A

1) It is an Ethics of the Kingdom of God: already in our midst but not yet fully revealed.
2) It is an Ethics to “be perfect as your heavenly Father is perfect”
3) It is an Ethics that Makes us Righteous
4) It is an Eschatological Ethics
5) To be Right with God is to be right with one another.
6) It is a Gospel Ethics

28
Q

It is an Ethics of the Kingdom of God: already in our midst but not yet fully revealed.

A

Sermon on the Mount is about the Kingdom of God through the voice of Jesus.
—>World Jesus was describing was: world without retaliation, breaking the cycle of violence, where people share with all even their enemies, with no judgement of others.

29
Q

It is an Ethics to “be perfect as your heavenly Father is perfect”

A

Jesus mentions ABBA “Father” many yimes in the Sermon and insists that our moral life makes sense if we have a good relationship with the Father.
—>At the heart of the Sermon is the understanding that we are called to be a son/daughter/sister to all.

30
Q

It is an Ethics that Makes us Righteous

A

Righteousness is being upright, blameless or morally right.
—>We are righteous through the revelation of God. It is a gift. We can both receive this gift and act in accordance with it.

31
Q

It is an Eschatological Ethics

A

Eschatological means “pertaining to the end times ” or “fullness of time”.

Sermon shows us the responsibilities of experiencing God’s infinite goodness and love.

32
Q

To be Right with God is to be right with one another.

A

Our relationship with God is measured in our relationship with those in most need.

33
Q

It is a Gospel Ethics

A

Jesus is teaching an ethics based on the New Covenant: a new way of relating to God and one another

The Sermon is the ‘good news’ that the Kingdom of God has come through Jesus.

34
Q

The Period of Jewish Christianity

A

30 - 130AD
—> Jesus’ disciples went on their missionary journeys — called at the Pentecost.

—>Followers began to gather on the 1st day of the week for the ‘breaking of the bread’ — in remembrance for of Jesus (day after Sabbath)

—>Beginning of Christian traditions or Eucharist.

35
Q

Pentecost

A

Holy Spirit descended upon the disciples — they were given the ability to speak different languages.

36
Q

Period of Jewish Christianity

A

Challenges of the church faced during this time:
—>Followers were supposed to sell everything in order to help the poor but doesn’t always happen.
—>Unequal distribution of goods amongst followers of Jesus (wealthy ate first, servants second at communal table, Jewish followers were favoured over Greek-speaking converts)
—>There was a question of how to deal with sinners in the community; to expel or accept them.

37
Q

Discipleship

A

•Apostles and leaders began to organize the communities so they could translate Jesus’ words and deeds into practice, teachings, moral behaviour and worship.

38
Q

Body of Christ

A

Name for the assembly or communion of baptized followers of Jesus.

39
Q

Apostle to the Gentiles

A

ST.PAUL

—>He wrote in New Testament
—> Didn’t write about Jesus but rather the start of Christianity.

40
Q

The Period of Greek and European Christianity

A

50 — 400AD : World at this time was dominated politically by Rome, influenced culturally by Greece.

First Challenges:
—> Within the Jewish-Christian Church ethical and cultural questions arose due to introduction of the Greco-Roman world. Were converts to follow laws of the Jewish tradition such as obeying food laws, keeping the Sabbath holy, circumcision of converts?

41
Q

Challenge of Greek Philosophy

A

Great Christian thinkers used Plato’s philosophy (Greek) to understand the gospels - this way of thinking led Christians to create statues, paintings and icons of Jesus as pictorial representations of God - against Jewish practices.

42
Q

Second Challenge of Greek and European Christianity

A

Church was dominated by Europe, in 212 AD Roman Emperor Constantine converted to Christianity, linking church with state.
—>Christians were no longer persecuted for their beliefs but questions arose over the pacifist community bearing arms for the newly Christianized Roman Army.
—>Constantine moved the capital to Constantinople in 330AD - this city became the centre for the Eastern Church.

43
Q

Third Challenge of Greek and European Christianity

A

As the Church developed, it also became strong political force.
—> Power struggle between the Pope and the emperors of the ruling nations.

44
Q

Fourth Challenge of Greek and European Christianity (8-9th C)

A

Evangelization of Northern Europe (Irish/Celtic peoples)
—>Fear of supernatural (demons/fairies)
—>Church responded through new practices of private confessions, spiritual counselling and penance - which is now current practice.

45
Q

Fifth Challenge of Greek and European Christianity (11-13th C)

A

Encounter with Islam.
—> During this time Christians by edict of the Pope led many Crusades to Jerusalem to try and regain control of the Holy Land for Christianity.

46
Q

Sixth Challenge of Greek and European Christianity - Divisions with the Church (1054 AD)

A

Eastern and Western Churches divide.
—>Division was completed by the end of the Crusades.
—>Schism

47
Q

Seventh Challenge of Greek and European Christianity

A

Colonization of New World (1492)
—>Europe expanded its empire and planned to colonize all new nations.
—>Colonization = Christianity all over the world.

Age of Rationalism 17th C & Revolutions 19th C.
—>Challenge of RATIONALISM: view that nothing can be accepted as the true unless proven by reason.
—> Impacted Churches’ teachings of revelation.
—> Industrial/Technology revolution: Church felt more responsible for the poor.

48
Q

Global Christianity (Challenge of Modern Day Church)

A

Church no longer centred in one culture; diversity among believers.
—> Church’s solidarity that united all Catholic people is realizing that local cultures and practices are not given up, but embraced.

49
Q

Church and Moral Teaching

A

Church believed that through God’s work among men (Revelation) that His work is being done on earth.
—> Church guides shapes our moral character.
—>LITURGY is the primary teaching tool.

50
Q

Church Guards & Maintains Moral Traditions (Levels of Authority)

A

1) The Faithful
2) Theologians
3) Priests/ Pastoral Workers
4) Magisterium

51
Q

The Faithful

A

1st teachers of faith are one’s parents/friends as they lead by example.

52
Q

Theologians

A

Interpret this moral traditions for us – bridge the gap between tradition & present time

53
Q

Priests/ Pastoral Workers

A

Make teachings plain to ordinary believers – respond to the individuals cultural, social & personal needs.

54
Q

Magesterium

A

“Official teaching” of the Church on moral matters.
—>Ordinary magisterium – normal daily teachings of the bishops throughout the world
—>Extraordinary magisterium – ecumenical councils & college of bishops pronounce a solemn decree or when the Pope makes a statement “from the chair” or ex cathedral as head of the Church.

55
Q

Schism

A

Refusal to submit to the Roman Pontiff (Pope) or of communion with members of the Church subject to him.

Religion (4 decks)

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