Unit 2 Flashcards
Kinetic energy
energy of motion
potential energy
stored energy in an object dependent on the environment
1st law of thermodynamics
energy cannot be created or destroyed
Activation energy
min amount of energy needed to break a bond
exothermic
energy released
Endothermic
energy absorbed
Free energy
energy that was not lost during conversion
Catabolic
breaks molecules
Anabolic
builds molecules
Phosphorylation
Transfer of phosphate group from ATP to another molecule
For activation energy to work …
Reactants must be in the right position
dehydrogenases
Transfers ….
oxidizes substrate and transfers H+
Most common energy carrier
NAD+
Glycolysis
no oxygen, occurs in cytosol
For pyruvate to get to mitochondrial matrix it must
- Outer membrane: Large pores help defuse
- Inner membrane: Coenzyme A is a carrier
What is in finite amounts
NAD+
Alcholic Fermentation
Decarboxylation than reduction
Decarboxylation
removing a carboxyl and releasing CO2
Lactate fermentation
- not a lot of oxygen available - happens through reduction
In the electron transport chain how are protons moved
there is a proton motive force that is cause by the different concentrations in the memebrane
photoautotrophs
makes its own food using light
Where does the calvin cycle happen
Stroma
chemiosmosis
movement of ions across the membrane
The citric acid cycle and electron transport chain happen in the
mitochondria (generates the most ATP)
2 ways to generate ATP without oxygen
- Anerobic respiration
- alcholic fermentation
obligate anaerobes
need oxygen
Facultative anaerobes
can live with or without oxygen
Chlorophyll absorbs
red and blue light
substrate level phosphorylation
makes ATP by DIRECT transfer of phosphate group from ADP
What is the final electron acceptor
Oxygen
Photolysis
splits H20 up
Photorespiration
rubisco mixing up Co2 and O2
