Unit 2

Question 1

What is a carbohydrate?

Answer 1

Macronutrient that provides energy

Question 2

What is the difference between complex carbohydrates and simple carbohydrates?

Answer 2

Complex carbs contain vitamins and minerals in addition to calories

Question 3

What is the taste difference between complex carbs and simple carbs?

Answer 3

Simple carbs taste sweet, complex carbs taste starchy

Question 4

What is dietary fiber?

Answer 4

Non-digestible carbohydrate

Question 5

What is a protein?

Answer 5

Macronutrient that provides energy. Also used to maintain muscles, cartilage, and skin

Question 6

What is protein used for?

Answer 6

Maintaining muscle, bone, and cartilage

Question 7

How many calories does 1 gram of protein provide?

Answer 7

4 cal/ gram of protein

Question 8

What is a complete protein?

Answer 8

A protein which contains all amino acids the body needs

Question 9

Which plants provide complete proteins?

Answer 9

Quinoa and soy

Question 10

What is a dietary fat?

Answer 10

Macronutrient which provides a lot of energy

Question 11

How many calories are gained from 1 gram of dietary fat?

Answer 11

9 calories

Question 12

What do we need dietary fats for?

Answer 12

Absorbing vitamins, make hormones, surround nerves, help the body feel full

Question 13

What is unsaturated fat?

Answer 13

Usually liquid at room temp. Good fat.

Question 14

What are saturated fats?

Answer 14

Solid at room temp. Raise blood lipid and cholesterol levels. Not good fat.

Question 15

What are trans fats?

Answer 15

Created during conversion of oils into solid fats. Usually solid at room temp. Negative effect on heart health

Question 16

Which types of fat negatively effect heart health?

Answer 16

Trans and saturated fats

Question 17

What are some examples of trans fats?

Answer 17

Stick margarine, non-dairy coffee creamers, processed baked goods, deep-fried and processed foods

Question 18

What are some examples of saturated fats?

Answer 18

Whole milk animal products, animal fats, coconut and palm oils

Question 19

What are some examples of unsaturated fats?

Answer 19

Most veggie oils, mayo, avocado, fatty fish, nuts and nut butter

Question 20

What is a vitamin?

Answer 20

Micro-nutrient used for all kinds of stuff

Question 21

What are the 12 common vitamins?

Answer 21

Vitamin A, B complex vitamins: Thiamine, Riboflavin, Niacin, Biotin, Vitamin B-6, Cobalamin, Folate.
Vitamin C, Vitamin D, Vitamin E, Vitamin k

Question 22

What are the two classifications of vitamins?

Answer 22

Water soluble and fat soluble

Question 23

What are some examples of water soluble vitamins?

Answer 23

B complex, and vitamin C

Question 24

What are some examples of fat soluble vitamins?

Answer 24

Vitamins A, D, E and K

Question 25

What are some functions and sources of vitamin A?

Answer 25

Vision health, protects body tissue.

Colorful plants, whole milk dairy products, and liver.

Question 26

What are some functions and sources of B complex vitamins?

Answer 26

Helps the body obtain or make energy from food eaten, essential for brain function.
B-12 is needed for red blood cells.

Variety of animal products, leafy green veggies, beans, and cereals

Question 27

What are some functions and sources of vitamin C?

Answer 27

Skin, bones, and connective tissue. Promotes healing. Helps the body absorb iron and calcium. Plays essential part in immune, nervous, and muscular systems.

Plants: fruits and veggies.

Question 28

What are some functions and sources of vitamin D?

Answer 28

Helps body absorb calcium. Plays a role in muscular, nervous, and immune systems.

Occurs naturally from sunlight. Enriched cereal, milk, egg yolk, liver, oily fish.

Question 29

What are some functions and sources of vitamin E?

Answer 29

Keeps immune system strong. Supports formation of blood cells. Protects immune system from damage.

Vegetable oils, nuts, seeds, leafy greens.

Question 30

What are some functions and sources of vitamin K?

Answer 30

Helps body make protein for healthy bones, tissues, and blood clotting.

Limited source in milk and eggs. Green veggies, dark berries.

Question 31

What’s a big difference between vitamins and minerals?

Answer 31

Minerals are not broken down. They are absorbed by plants, or eaten by animals. Then we eat those things.

Question 32

What are some common important minerals?

Answer 32

Iron, sodium, potassium, and calcium.

Question 33

What are the primary functions of calcium?

Answer 33

Blood vessel contraction, proper structure and function of bone and teeth, muscle contraction.

Question 34

What are the primary functions of iron?

Answer 34

Helps provide oxygen to blood cells, tissues, and organs. Assists in the creation of some hormones.

Question 35

What are the primary functions of sodium?

Answer 35

Electrolyte. Maintains fluid balance. Blood pressure maintenance. Muscle function.

Question 36

What are the primary functions of potassium?

Answer 36

Electrolyte. Maintains fluid stasis in cells. Nerve transmission. Muscle function.

Question 37

What are some sources of calcium?

Answer 37

Dairy products, leafy greens, green veggies, fish with soft bones, tofu

Question 38

What are some sources for iron?

Answer 38

Animal protein, pasta, grains, beans, tofu, spinach, broccoli

Question 39

What are some sources for sodium?

Answer 39

Table salt, packaged and processed foods, soy sauce

Question 40

What are some sources for potassium?

Answer 40

Leafy greens, fruits from the vine, veggies, fruits, milk and dairy products.