Unit 2 Flashcards
A nosocomial infection is a/an:
A type of rhinitis
Infection acquired in the hospital
Upper respiratory infection
Infection acquired at a wedding
Infection acquired in the hospital
Contaminated food, water, drugs, or blood that transport microorganisms is referred to as a:
Vector
Reservoir
Fomite
Vehicle
Vehicle
Microorganisms that cause infections and diseases are called:
Pathogens
Toxins
None of these
Allergens
Pathogens
Passive immunity is immunity that occurs as a result of:
An infection with a specific organism
Intact skin and mucous membranes
An injection of preformed antibodies
Lysozyme in human tears
An injection of preformed antibodies
The portal of entry describes the:
Reservoir of place where the pathogen resides
Carrier of the pathogen
Method by which the pathogen enters the body
Method by which the pathogen exits the body
Method by which the pathogen enters the body
The portal of exit describes the:
Method by which the pathogen enters the body
Reservoir or place where the pathogen resides
Method by which the pathogen exits the body
Carrier of the pathogen
Method by which the pathogen exits the body
The term reservoir of infection refers to the:
Method by which the pathogen enters the body
Method by which the pathogen leaves the body
Individual with reduced natural resistance to infection
Place where the pathogen resides
Place where the pathogen resides
When is it recommended that hand washing be performed in place of alcohol-based hand rubs?
Before patient contact
Following contact with objects in the vicinity of the patient
When hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood
Before donning gloves
When hands are visibly soiled or contaminated with blood
Which of the following is not usually considered a portal of entry for pathogenic organisms?
mouth
nose
rectum
wound
rectum
Which microorganisms are classified according to their shape and staining process?
bacteria
fungi
prions
protozoa
bacteria
One type of microorganism is very difficult to treat medically because there are few effective medications and those are effective for only a limited number of organisms. This statement refers to:
bacteria
viruses
protozoa
fungi
viruses
Which of the following are involved in the cycle of infection?
- Pathogen
- Mode of transmission
- Susceptible host
1, 2, and 3
Infectious proteins are synonymous with:
fungi
protozoa
viruses
bacteria
prions
prions
Properties of pathogens that distinguish them from normal flora are called:
endospores
virulence factors
capsids
vectors
virulence factors
When an infection causes the body to produce an inflammatory response, white blood cells engulf microorganisms in a process called:
envoloped viruses
vehicle transmission
endospore production
phagocytosis
phagocytosis
Precautions for the compromised patient may include:
- cleaning equipment before entering room.
- hand hygiene before entering the room.
- the use of masks, gowns, and sometimes gloves.
1, 2, and 3
Reducing the probability of infectious organisms being transmitted to a susceptible individual is called:
sepsis
medical asepsis
surgical asespsis
sterilization
medical asepsis
Which of the following describes the proper procedure for disposal of a safety needle and syringe following use?
Recap the needle, do not remove from syringe, and dispose of syringe in a sharps container.
Recap needle, remove from syringe, discard syringe in garbage, and dispose of needle in sharps container.
Retract needle, do not remove from syringe, and dispose of syringe in a sharps container.
Retract the needle, do not remove it from syringe, and dispose of the syringe in a sharps container
Which set of transmission-based precautions is used for patients with multidrug-resistant wound infections?
airborne precautions
droplet precautions
contact precautions
combination airborne and contact precautions
contact precautions
Which of the following statements does not meet infection control guidelines regarding the handling of patient linens?
Soiled linens should be shaken to remove loose material before being placed in the hamper.
No item should be used for more than one patient without being laundered first.
Fold the edges of used linens to the middle without shaking or flapping.
Used linen is considered contaminated even when no soil is apparent.
Soiled linens should be shaken to remove loose material before being placed in the hamper.
A microorganism free area prepared for the use of sterile supplies and equipment is referred to as:
Non-sterile field
Sterile field
Contaminated field
Surgical autoclaving
Sterile field
Radiography of isolation patient requires two people, the “clean” member:
is required to touch the patient
has no direct contact with the patient, bed, or any items patients may have touched
positions the patient
positions the image receptor on the patient
has no direct contact with the patient, bed, or any items patients may have touched
Packages are considered sterile if they meet the following criteria:
- The expiration date has not been exceeded
- The sterility indicators have changed to a predetermined color.
- The package is clean, dry, unopened, and unpunctured
1, 2, and 3
The simplest and most common method of testing for TB infection is the:
immunosuppressant therapy
PPD test
HPV test
PEP test
PPD test
Sterile technique is necessary during:
application of surgical dressing
preparing instruments for chemical sterilization
removal of surgical dressing
performing hand hygiene
application of surgical dressing
True or False
Protective Precautions are designed to prevent the spread of infections to compromised patients
True
Which of the following methods of sterilization is a safer method of sterilizing heat-and moisture-sensitive items in hospitals?
autoclaving
gas plasma technology
ethylene oxide
water
gas plasma technology
Hand hygiene refers to decontamination of the hands using:
- soap and water.
- alcohol-based hand rubs.
- an antiseptic hand wash.
All of the above
True or False
Medically aseptic handwashing is the least easy and least effective method to control the transmission of infections
False
The Principles of Aseptic Technique include:
- Only sterile items are used within a sterile field
- Only the top surface of a draped table is considered sterile
- Articles of doubtful sterility are considered unsterile
1,2, and 3
True or False
Steam sterilizatin by means of an autoclave is the most common and most effective method for most surgical instruments and trays
True
An awareness of sterile technique and the responsibility for telling the person in charge whenever you contaminate a field or onserve its contamination by someone else is known as
“Clean” tech
“Dirty” tech
Sterile conscience
Sterile obedience
Sterile conscience
When opening a sterile pack, the first corner of the wrap is opened
toward you
away from you
to the right
to the left
Away from you
Which of the following describes the proper procedure for the disposal of a needle and syringe following use?
Do not recap the needle, do not remove the syringe, and dispose both in a sharps container
Recap the needle, remove the syringe, and dispose of both in a sharps
Recap the needle, do not remove the syringe, and dispose of syringe in a sharps container
Do not recap the needle, do not remove the syringe, and dispose both in a sharps container
After removing a dressing, which two are required for proper disposal?
- Drop it into an incinerator
- Drop it in the trash
- Seal it in a plastic bag.
- Drop it in a biohazard container
3 and 4
Standard precautions apply to
- Blood
- All body fluids
- Non intact skin
1, 2, and 3
Treatment used to make an item germ-free is called
sterilization
disinfection
asepsis
microbial dilution
sterilization
Sterilization is essential to
surgical asepsis
isolation
medical asepsis
PPE
surgical asepsis
The process that involves the immersion and soaking of clean objects in a bath of germicidal solution is
Gas plasma technology
Autoclaving
Chemical sterilization
Conventional gas sterilization
Chemical sterilization
Which of the listed sterilization methods requires that items be aerated before they can be dispensed for use?
chemical sterilization
conventional gas sterilization
autoclaving
gas plasma sterilization
conventional gas sterilization
Side rails should be used when:
- patients have been given sedation
- they are being transported on a gurney
- they are unattended in an elevated position
1, 2, and 3
You are required to use two identifiers to ensure the accuracy of patient identification. Which two of the following methods are acceptable for this purpose?
- Check the patient’s arm band.
- Ask the patient to state his or her full name and date of birth
- Speak the patient’s name and see if he or she responds.
1 and 2
Electrical equipment used on or near patients must
- be approved for hospital use.
- have grounded plugs.
- be inspected regularly and repaired if needed.
1, 2, and 3
A gait belt is used to
assist a weak patient to stand and walk.
hold a patient securely in a wheelchair.
maneuver a slider board.
provide safety on a stretcher.
assist a weak patient to stand and walk.