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Health Assessment > Unit 2 > Flashcards

Unit 2 Flashcards

1
Q

What forms facial expressions?

A

the facial muscles which are mediated by cranial nerve VII (7)

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2
Q

sutures

A

immovable joints where the cranial bones unite

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3
Q

palpebral fissures

A

opening between the eyelids and should be symmetrical bilaterally

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4
Q

nasolabial folds

A

creases extending from the nose
-smile lines

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5
Q

salivary glands

A

two pairs and can be examined on the face

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6
Q

parotid glands

A

located in the cheeks over the mandible and are not normally palpable

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7
Q

submandibular glands

A

located beneath the mandible of the jaw

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8
Q

thyroid gland

A

endocrine gland that has a very rich blood supply, secretes T3 and T4 which stimulates the rate of cellular metabolism

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9
Q

Why does the thyroid enlarge in pregnant women?

A

hyperplasia

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10
Q

What happens to skin and bones as aging occurs?

A

the facial bones appear more prominent due to the decrease in subq fat, moisture is decreased, and elasticity is decreased

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11
Q

What is the leading cause of acute pain?

A

headaches

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12
Q

primary headaches

A

tension, cluster, migraine

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13
Q

secondary headache

A

occurs because of another disorder

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14
Q

What is needed to clarify or diagnose a HA?

A

a detailed history

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15
Q

tension HA

A

most common and can be caused by stressful environments, poor posture, feels like a headlock

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16
Q

migraines

A

have a genetic component but can be caused by food, drink, chemicals, lying down can ease the pain

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17
Q

cluster HA

A

least common, painful and disabling, unilateral pain, always on the same side of the head, pacing the floor can ease the pain

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18
Q

Red flag of a HA

A

someone who has a severe HA and has never had one

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19
Q

What can trigger a migraine?

A

chocolate
cheese
alcohol
menstruation
stress

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20
Q

Symptoms of a migraine

A

nausea
vomiting
visual disturbances
nuchal rigidity

21
Q

concussion

A

direct blow to the skull causes the brain to shift rapidly back and forth

22
Q

What could loss of consciousness before a fall indicate?

A

a cardiac problem

23
Q

presyncope

A

light-headed swimming feeling, feeling of fainting, do not pass out

24
Q

vertigo

A

spinning

25
Q

objective vertigo

A

the person feels the room is spinning

26
Q

subjective vertigo

A

the person feels that they are spinning

27
Q

What does a persistent lump does not elicit any pain indicate?

A

a negative sign and needs to be checked

28
Q

Why should you use gentle pressure when palpating nodes?

A

deep pressure can push the nodes into the neck

29
Q

conjuctiva

A

transparent protective covering of the eye

30
Q

cornea

A

covers pupils and protects the iris, highly sensitive to touch, touching with the cotton ball stimulates the corneal reflex

31
Q

lacrimal gland

A

secretes tears

32
Q

Why might your eyes be puffy when crying?

A

bc the lacrimal gland is holding your tears

33
Q

Where do tears drain?

A

into the puncta, into the nasolacrimal sac, nasolacrimal duct, and into the inferior meatus inside the nose

34
Q

What are eye boogers and boogers?

A

drainage from the puncta

35
Q

What are the 6 extraocular muscles of the eye?

A

allow for eyerolling
4 straight or rectus muscles are the superior, inferior, lateral, medial rectus

36
Q

What stimulates the movement of the EOMs?

A

cranial nerve 3, cranial nerve 4 works superior oblique and 6 (abducens and lateral rectus?

37
Q

cranial nerve 3

A

causes the pupils to constrict

38
Q

How do images appear on the retina?

A

upside down and reversed from the actual appearance

39
Q

CN II

A

optic nerve

40
Q

CN III

A

oculomotor nerve

41
Q

accodomation

A

adaptation for near vision

42
Q

What occurs in the aging adult to their eyes?

A

lacrimal glands decrease tear production, remove moisture from the eye, pupils decrease, len loses elasticity

43
Q

presbyopia

A

decrease the ability of the lens to change shape to accommodate for near vision

44
Q

cataract

A

the lens thickens and turns yellow

45
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

chronic hyperglycemia of diabetes causing oxidative damage and inflammation of the retina

46
Q

glaucoma

A

optic nerve compression caused by increased ocular pressure

47
Q

normal visual acuity

A

20/20, the top number indicates the distance you are standing away from the distance from the snellen chart
-denominator is the normal distance a normal eye can read that line

48
Q

pitosis

A

drooping of the eyelid

Health Assessment (5 decks)

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