Unit 2

Question 1

Where is the DNA in prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells

Answer 1

DNA free floats in prokaryotic cells while it is stored in the nucleus in the eukaryotic cells

Question 2

Are prokaryotic and eukaryotic unicellular or multicellular?

Answer 2

Prokaryotic are always unicellular and eukaryotic can be unicellular or multicellular

Question 3

What organisms are both types of cells

Answer 3

Prokaryotic are bacteria and eukaryotic are everything else(Animals, plants, fungi, and protists)

Question 4

What is the central dogma?

Answer 4

DNA→RNA→protein→trait

Question 5

What is a polypeptide?

Answer 5

It is a string of amino acids linked
by peptide bonds and then folded together in a precise
way to carry out a specific function in a cell.

Question 6

Homeostasis

Answer 6

A process that allows individuals organisms/biological systems to maintain stability

Question 7

Natural Selection

Answer 7

Genes changing through generations to better fit their environment (evolution)

Question 8

Function of Proteins

Answer 8

1. Structural component in cells (forms muscles & moves o2)
2. Building block
3. Sends signals

Question 9

All groups of an amino acid

Answer 9

1. Carboxyl group that has one carbon and 2 oxygen
2. The amino group that has nitrogen and 2 hydrogen
3. Variable side chain (what connects the two)

Question 10

Carbohydrates

Answer 10

Short term energy made of carbon, oxygen, and hydrogen

Question 11

Lipids

Answer 11

Long term energy source

Question 12

what are Nucleic Acids?

Answer 12

1. DNA and RNA
2. DNA creates the information and RNA translates it into protein
3. Building block is nucleodtide

Question 13

3 parts of a Nucleotide

Answer 13

1. Phosphate group
2. Pentose sugar
3. Nitrogenous base

Question 14

hydrolysis

Answer 14

Using water to cut apart two molecules by adding water to it

Question 15

dehydration synthesis

Answer 15

Conjoining an OH molecule and a hydrogen molecule to connect two molecules

Question 16

function of enzymes

Answer 16

Speed up reactions

Question 17

What is the relationship between the substrate and active site

Answer 17

The active site and substrate have a key and lock mechanism where they are unique to each other and can perform in certain temperatures

Question 18

What happens to an enzyme and substrate when it’s too hot

Answer 18

the active site gets deformed and doesn’t fit to the substrate