UNIT#19 MACROMOLECULES Flashcards
Zigzag and regular coiling of polypeptide linkage forms:
Secondary Structure
The hydrogen bond in the secondary structure of a protein is present in between:
O-H
Primary structure of proteins shows:
The sequence of amino acids
Which of the following statement is false about protein:
➡Peptide bond is a covalent bond❌
➡It is a polyamide❌
➡It contains a different sequence of amino acids in other proteins❌
➡Primary structure is due to hydrogen bonds ✅
Which one o the following structure of a protein is the direct consequence of hydrogen bonding:
Secondary
The primary structure o protein arises due to which force
Covalent Bond
The secondary structure of protein includes:
➡α-helix
➡β-Sheets
This is true about primary structure:
Result o translation
Which is not present in α-helix:
Disulphide Linkage
Which carbon of amino acids bond to nitrogen of another in peptide linkage:
Carbonyl Carbon
All proteins yield ____ upon complete hydrolysis.
Amino acids
Protein attached to some non-protein group is called:
Conjugated Protein
Regular coiling or zigzagging o polypeptide through hydrogen bonding is its:
Secondary Structure
What common name can be given to lipids, proteins, carbohydrates and nucleic acid polymers?
Bio-polymers
Which one of the following polymers has peptide linkage in it?
Nylon 6,6
Which factor cannot denature the protein:
Dissolving in H2O
Which of the following elements is not present in all proteins:
Sulphur
Enzymes that catalyze the transfer of groups within molecules are called:
Isomerases
The enzyme used for the treatment of blood cancer in children is;
L-asperginase
Enzymes of the same organism which catalyze the same reaction but are chemically and physically distinct from each other are called:
Isoenzymes
The rate of enzymatic reaction is directly proportional to the concentration of:
Substrate
The rate of reaction is directly proportional to:
√[Enzyme]
The substrate binds with the enzyme at:
Active Site
Many enzymes contain a protein part and a non-protein part, the non-protein part is called:
➡Coenzyme
➡Cofactors
The group of compounds that is primarily responsible for the building of the body of an animal and its maintenance is called:
Proteins
Which enzyme is used to catalyze the addition of ammonia, water or carbon dioxide to double bond:
Phospho-glyceromutases
The activator for chrome oxidase is:
Fe+2
Thrombin is used:
Locally to stop bleeding
For the treatment of blood cancer in children ___ enzyme has proved very useful:
L-asparaginase
The protein part of the enzyme is called:
Apoenzyme
After digestion protein change into;
Amino acids
Nucleoproteins are ___ proteins which transfer heredity information from one generation to another.
Genetic Proteins
In which of the following body part, protein is not present?
Bones
Protein is a polymer of :
Amino acids
Globulins protein upon hydrolysis yield amino acids or their derivatives, so they belong to which type of protein.
Simple Proteins
Regular coiling and twisting of polypeptide chain caused by H-bonding in between NH and CO occur:
Secondary Structure
The substances which reduce the activity of enzyme action are called:
Inhibitors
Which enzyme is raised in rickets;
Alkaline phosphatase
The specific site at which substrate is attached to the enzyme and converted into the product is called;
Substrate
Which of the following is produced during the heat of bones?
Gelatin
Casein is used in the manufacturing of:
➡Buttons
➡Buckles
_____ enzyme catalyzes the conversion o hexones to a 6-phosphate derivative.
Hexokinase
Urease is present in;
Soya Bean
Carboxylase are an example of which type of enzyme;
Ligases
Coagulated proteins are;
➡Non-Soluble
➡Non-Functional
➡Non-Folded
Nylon 6,6 is a:
Polyamide
Pesticides and insecticides are made of:
Organic Compound
Number of polymers on basis of monomers;
3
LDH-1 is used in the treatment of Rickets;
Heart Disease
The enzyme binds with the substrate to form:
Enzyme Substrate Complex
Which is an inorganic macromolecule;
Diamond
Which of these is a synthetic polymer?
Polyester
Which 1 is correct about polymer(plastic)?
➡Poly(propene) can be softened on heating
How many types o polymers on the basis of structure:
Three
An enzyme without a co-enzyme is called;
Apoenzyme
Staudinger proposed long chain formula for:
➡Rubber
➡Polystyrene
➡Polyoxy methylene
Most abundant macromolecule on earth;
Carbohydrates
Which of the following is an additional polymer
PVC
Linkage in the primary structure of a protein;
Peptide Linkage
Protein is made of;
Amino acids
Addition polymerization occurs through ___ mechanism
➡Free-Radical
➡Cationinc
➡Anionic
Which of the following is an example of a thermosetting polymer?
➡Epoxy resins
➡Synthetic varnish
➡Bakelite
Which is not an inorganic macromolecule.
➡Synthetic Fibre✅
➡Diamond❌
➡Graphite❌
➡Sand❌
Coagulated protein is ____ protei.
➡Non-Soluble
➡Non-Functional
➡Solid
In which polymers on heating instead of melting break down:
➡Thermosetting
Collagen and albumin are:
Simple Proteins
A polymer in which the number of amino acids residues is greater than 100 or the molecular mass is greater than 10,000 is called;
Protein
Macromolecules are described as large molecules built up from small repeating units called:
Monomers
Phosphoprotein comes under the type of proteins:
Conjugated
The role of a catalyst in a chemical reaction is to
Increase the rate of reaction
Glucose is converted into ethanol by the enzyme present in the yeast:
Zymase
The proteins which give amino acid and non-protein groups on hydrolysis are known as:
Conjugated Protein
The enzyme found in saliva that accelerates the conversion of starch into sugar is:
Ptyalin
Which o the following bond is responsible for joining the amino acids in proteins?
Peptide Bond
Based on the Physico-chemical properties, proteins may be classified into the following types:
➡Simple Proteins
➡Compound Proteins
➡Derived Proteins
Based on function, thyroxin can be classified as:
Hormonal Protein
L-asparaginase enzymes have been used for the treatment of:
Blood Cancer
The helical structure of a protein is stabilized by:
Hydrogen Bonds
Which one of the following enzymes brings about the hydrolysis of fats?
Lipase
Denaturation of protein does not have any effect on its:
Primary Structure
The bond that determines the secondary structure of a protein is:
Hydrogen bond
Which is the optimum pH for the activity of enzyme salivary amylase:
6.4 to 6.9
Collage and albumin are:
Simple Proteins
Collagen proteins are present in ____ throughout the body
➡Skin
➡Tendons
➡Ligaments
The -NH-CO is called;
Peptide Linkage
Collage is a fibrous protein present most abundantly in:
Tendons
Polyamide is formed due to condensation of hexane-dioic acid with:
Hexane-1,6-diamine
The specific substances (metabolite) that fit on the enzyme surface and are converted to products are called:
Substrate
Two or more amino acids are condensed to form protein by a peptide linkage which is present between two atoms:
C and C
The organic compounds containing both the amino and the carboxyl group are called;
Amino acids
The amino group in amino acids can be attached to any carbon other than:
Carbonyl Carbon
Building blocks of proteins are:
Amino acids
Aspartic acid is an amino acid but its nature is:
Acidic
Histidine is an amino acid but its nature is:
Basic
Alanine is an amino acid but its nature is:
Neutral
All alpha amino acids exist largely in proteins in the form of a dipolar structure called;
Zwitter ion
The dipolar structure of α-amino acids is also called;
Internal Salt
In the formation of the Zwitter ion, the proton from the carboxyl group goes and gets attached to the:
Amino group Nitrogen
The basic character of amino acids is largely due to:
Carboxylate on
The acidic character of amino acids is due to:
Amino group
The amino acids that are synthesized within our body naturally are called;
Non-essential amino acids
The amino acids that are not created within our body and are required to be taken up through our diet are:
Essential amino acids
Which of the following can differ in different amino acids:
R group
When two amino acids are condensed releasing a water molecule, the HN-C=O linkage thus formed is called;
Peptide Linkage
Which of the following amino acid is achiral?
Glycine
An example of Sulphur containing amino acid is:
➡️Cysteine
➡️Methionine
The α-amino acid which contains an aromatic side chain is:
Tyrosine
Peptides are formed from:
α-amino acids
Lack of essential amino acids in the diet leads to the disease:
Kwashiorkor
Which of the following amino acid is optically inactive
Glycine
A nano peptide contains ____ peptide linkages.
8
Strecker reaction is used for the synthesis of:
Amino acid
Which of the following compound exist as dipolar ions:
Amino acid
Which of the following test is used to identify the amino acids?
Ninhydrin Test
When α-Bromo acids react with ____ they produce amino acids.
NH3
A polypeptide having molecular mass up to:
10,000
A peptide having a molecular mass of more than 10,000 is called:
Protein
The naturally occurring amino acids are;
α-amino acids
Which functional group participates in disulphide bond formation in protein;
Thiol
Lactic acid is obtained by which of the following reaction:
Alanine + HNO2
Amino acids are only produced?
In the high amount of catalytic amount of strong acid
In which media Zwitter ion can exist?
Aqueous HCl
In aqueous media that contains alanine and HCl, the distribution of charges are:
Cation > Anion
Proteins are macromolecules that mostly contain;
A single type of chain length between two consecutive peptide bonds
What is the pH range for the existence of Zwitter on:
7.3-10.8
Which type of reaction is not anticipated for an amino acid
Reaction with CO2
What is the relationship between the acidic strength of succinic acid and aspartic acid
Succinic acid > Aspartic acid
Which statement is wrong about glutamic acid
➡Carboxyl group at position 1 is more acidic than other carboxyl groups✅
➡Both carboxyl groups are of the same strength❌
➡It’s Zwitter ion is neither acid nor non-basic❌
Which of the following amino acids is present in humans but is not involved in protein synthesis?
➡Histidine❌
➡Proline❌
➡GABA✅
➡Cysteine❌
Which of the following is not an aliphatic amino acid?
Tyrosine
Which of the following amino acid is an aromatic and basic amino acid?
Histidine
Which of the following can be obtained by introduction of the amino group to one of the carbons of succinic acid
Aspartic acid
Which of the following is obtained by replacing the -OH group of lactic acid with the -NH2 group?
Alanine
Which of the following is not present in histidine?
Vinyl Group
Which of the following doesn’t contain primary amino?
Proline
Which of the following contains a hydroxyl group?
Serine
Which of the following doesn’t react with ninhydrin?
Proline
Proline doesn’t react with ninhydrin because:
It doesn’t contain primary amino
Which of the following contain two acidic -NH3+, groups in aqueous media
Lysine
Which type of amino acid is always non-essential
Acidic
Protein is ___ polymer.
Condensation
Ninhydrin reacts with amino acid and the product is formed that contains ____ linkage
Imine
Which of the following statement is correct about Zwitter ion?
It is not an ion and it contains both +ve and -ve charges
In a solution of CH3COOH and CH3COONa with the same molarity, alanine exists in the form o ___ ion.
Cation
In a solution of NH4OH and NH4Cl with the same molarity, glycine exists in the form of:
Anion
When aspartic acid is added in excess a/base. It exists as a:
Di-Negative ion
In excess of acid how many H+ ions can be accommodated by histidine ideally:
3
In a peptide linkage, the state of hybridization of both C and N is respectively.
sp2 and sp3
A tripeptide is hydrolyzed which technique is best to identify its composition?
Partition Chromatography
What type of isomerism cannot exist in Gly-Ala dipeptide?
Cis-trans-Isomerism
2-6 Diamine hexanoic acid is IUPAC name of:
Lysine
After reacting with HCl Zwitter ion valine exist as a/an:
Acid
Fatty acids react with bromine in the presence of:
P
The reaction of NH3 with 2-Bromo-3-methyl butanoic acid is required:
Iso-butyraldehyde
By acid hydrolysis of α-amino nitrile we obtain:
Cationic amino acid
The reaction of ethanol with glycine yield:
Ethyl, α-amino acetate
Peptide linkage is chemical:
Amide Linkage
In an α-helix of the secondary structure of the protein, the hydrogen bond exists between:
➡Carbonyl oxygen
➡Hydrogen of amine
The groups responsible for hydrogen bonding in proteins are;
➡>C=O
➡H-N<
Which enzyme bring about the exchange in the functional group between two compounds:
Phospho-Transferase
Gelatin is obtained by heating:
➡Bones
➡Tendons
➡Skins
The enzyme used locally to stop bleeding
Thrombin
A polypeptide is conventionally called a protein if it has:
Molar mass more than 10,000 (g/mole)
The tanning of hides is:
Precipitation of protein
Many enzymes contain a protein part and a non-protein part. This protein part is:
Apoenzyme
Which of the following enzyme has Fe+2 ions as a co-factor?
Chrome oxidase
In the formation of protein, the carboxylic group of amino acids and the amino group of other amino acids condensed together to give:
Peptide Linkage
Which enzyme is used to catalyze the addition of ammonia, water or carbon dioxide to double bond
Succinic Thiokinase
Nyon-6,6 is a type of condensation polymerization. Its monomers are;
➡Hexane-1,6-diamine
➡Hexanedioic acid
Which of the following intermolecular force is dominant in Nylon-6,6?
Hydrogen Bonding
Nylon-6,6 has all of the following properties EXCEPT:
➡It is a textile fibre❌
➡It has high strength❌
➡It has abrasion resistance❌
➡It has very low elasticity✅
There are two types of polymerization i.e. addition and condensation. Condensation polymerization has all of the followig properties EXCEPT:
➡It involves two different monomers❌
➡It take place with the elimination of small molecules❌
➡It involves catalyst✅
➡It molar mass is not fixed❌
Polyester is a type of condensation polymerization. Its monomers are;
➡1,2-Ethandeiol
➡Benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid
Mark the incorrect statement about thermoplastic polymers:
The are more brittle and insoluble in organic solvents
All of the following are thermosetting polymers EXCEPT:
➡Polystyrene✅
➡Bakelite❌
➡Synthetic Varnish❌
➡Terylene❌
All of the following are thermoplastic polymers EXCEPT:
➡PVC❌
➡Teflon❌
➡High density polyethylene(HDPE)❌
➡Nylon-6,6✅
Which of the following is a synthetic polymer?
Polyester
Plastics are pollution problem because many plastics:
Burn to produce toxic fumes
A polymeric substance that is formed in the liquid state and then harden to a rigid solid is called as;
Plastic
Polystyrene is an addition polymer obtained by polymerization of styrene in the presence of catalyst. Which one of the following is not use of polystyrene?
➡It is used as an adhesive material✅
➡It is used for making cosmetic bottles❌
➡It is used for making packing material❌
➡It is used for making food containers❌
Mark the pair of macromolecules which have same type of linkage.
➡Proteins
➡Nylon
Which of the following polymers is formed through free radical mechanism?
PVC
Which of the following is not nitrogen base?
➡Adenine❌
➡Caesein✅
➡Guanine❌
➡Thymine❌
All of the following have peptide linkage EXCEPT:
➡Nylon-6,6❌
➡Terylene✅
➡Protein❌
➡Nylon-6,10❌
All of the following are addition polymers EXCEPT:
➡Polyvinyl chloride❌
➡Polyethylene❌
➡Polyvinyl acetate❌
➡Polyester✅
The sequence of the amino acids combined in a peptide chain is referred to as the ___ of protein.
Primary Structure
The _____ structure of a protein is a regular coiling or zigzagging of polypeptide chains caused by hydrogen
bonding between NH and C = O groups of amino acids
ear each other in the chains.
Secondary Structure
Which of the following is an example of derived proteins.
Oligopeptides
The specific substance(metabolite) that fits on the enzyme surface and is converted to products is called:
Substrate
The enzyme that catalyze the transfer of groups within molecules to yield isomeric forms is called:
Isomerase
Collagen Proteins are present in ___ throughout the body.
Tendons
Many enzymes contain a protein part and non-protein part. The protein part of enzyme is called:
Apoenzyme
The rate of enzymatic reaction is directly proportional:
√[Enzyme]
Which enzyme is used to convert glucose into ethanol
Zymase
Legumin and collage proteins are present in the connective tissues throughout the body. They are categorized under:
Simple Proteins
The simple sequence of the amino acids combined in a peptide chain is referred to as the:
Primary Structure
Haemoglobin is a:
Transport Protein
Collagen is a fibrous protein present most abundantly in:
Tendons
The enzyme useful for treatment of blood cancer in children is:
L-asparaginase
The substance which reduces the enzyme activity:
Inhibitor
Which of the following enzyme ha Fe+2 ions as co-factor.
Chrome oxidase
Which of the following statement is correct about enzymes?
➡They are specific in their action
➡They are protein in nature
➡Most enzymatic reactions are reversible
Compounds having -C≡N group are called:
Nitriles
Many enzymes contain a protein part and a non-protein part. Protein part is called:
Apoenzyme
The three-dimensional twisting and folding of polypeptide chain results in:
Tertiary Structure
All proteins yield ____ upon complete hydrolysis
Amino acid
The bond that join two amino acids cannot be called as:
Di-sulfide bond
The secondary structure of protein is maintained by H-bonding between:
O and H
Amino acids are the building blocks of:
Proteins
Which enzyme us used to catalyze the addition of ammonia, water or carbon dioxide to double bond
Phospho-glyceromutases
Enzyme used for conversion of starch to glucose and glucose to ethanol aer:
Diastase + Zymase
Which statement is inocorrect?
➡Enzymes are stereospecific❌
➡Enzymes are highly specific❌
➡Enzymes can be crystallized❌
➡Enzymes can resist the radiation✅
Which one of the following statements is incorrect?
➡Enzymes are protein in nature❌
➡Enzymes can act as a catalyst❌
➡Enzymes can catalyze any reaction✅
➡Urease is an enzyme❌
The three dimensional twisting and folding of the polypeptide chain results in the _____ of proteins.
Tertiary Structure
In formaton of protein, carboxylic group of one amino acid and amino group of other amino acid condensed together to give:
Peptide Linkage
Which of the following is/are examples of simple protein
➡Collagen
➡Albumin
Gelatin is obtained by heating:
Bones
The molecular weight of protein is:
> 10000 amu
Many enzymes contain a protein part and non-protein part. This protein part is:
Apoenzyme
The enzyme which can catalyze the conversion of glucose to ethyl alcohol is:
Zymase
Glucose is converted into ethanol by the enzyme:
Zymase
Which of the following enzyme has Zn+2 ions as a co-factor
Carbonic anhydrase
Nucleoproteins are ___ proteins which transfer heredity information rom one generation to other:
Genetic proteins
By which of the following condition proteins do not denature:
Adding 10% glucose solution
In secondary structure of protein, hydrogen bonding is present in between:
➡NH
➡C=O
Amino acids are the building blocks of:
Proteins
A protein assumes at least:
3 structural levels
The molecular weight of protein is:
> 10000 amu
The helical structure of protein is stabilized by:
Hydrogen Bonds
Amino acid monomers that fomr chain with peptide linkage by releasing a water molecule occurs in:
Condensation Polymerization
A peptide bond in the linear sequence of amino acid primary structure of protein) is formed with the elimination of:
H2O
The three dimensional twisting and folding of polypeptide chain results in;
Tertiary Structure
Which of the following enzyme is proved very useful in the treatment of blood cancer in chidren:
L-Asparaginase
After digestion, protein changes into;
Amio acids
Many enzymes contain a protein part and non-protein part. This protein part is:
Apoenzyme
Which is the function of proteins:
➡Nucleoproteins serves as carriers of proteins
➡Some proteins act as hormones
➡They take an essential part in formation of protoplasm
Conversion of fumaric acid to maleic acid in the presence o fumarase enzyme. This is an example of;
Isomerases
May enzymes contain a protein part and a non-protein part. Protein part is called:
Apoenzyme
