UNIT#10 CHEMICAL BONDING Flashcards
Which of the following has largest ionic size?
N-3
In a period, the atomic radii:
Decrease
Which of the following is correct realtion for atmoic radius:
A->A>A+
Ionization energy depends upon:
➡Atomic/Ionic Radii
➡Nature of orbital
➡Shielding effect
Which of the following has highest ionization energy value:
He
(I.E direclty proportional Stabilitiy of electronic configuration)
Greater shielding effect corresponds to -__ ionization energy value
Lesser
The group that has maximum 1st ionization energy values:
ns^2, np^6
(Octet is complete)
Which of the following group has maximum 1st electron affinity value in same period?
VII A
Which of the following element has lowest electron affinity?
He
(E.A inverseily proportional to stability of electronic configuration)
An ionic compound A+B- is most likely to form when:
➡Ionization energy of A is Low
➡Electron affinity of B is high
Formation of ionic bond is favoured by:
Low Ionization Energy of metal
Maximum ionic character is exhibited by:
CsF
(E.N difference of 3.3)
All of the following species have dative bond except:
OH-
Co-oridinate covalent bond is present in;
Hydronium Ion
The percentage of co-ordinate covalent bond present in BF4- and NH4- respectively:
25% each
If the sharing of an electron pair is unequal and the atom have an electronegativity difference of 1.4 to 1.6, what is this type of sharing called:
Polar Covalent
The following molecules has linear structure except:
SO2
Which of the following species has lone pair of electrons on central atom?
PCl3
Which pair has trigonal planar geometry?
➡BF3
➡AlH3
The shape of NH2- is:
Angular
WHich molecular gemoetry is not possible for AB4 type molecules
Trigonal Planar
The correct orer of bond angles is represented in:
CH4 >H2O> NF3>H2S
Which of the following has perect triangular structure:
SO3
(AB3 type)
Limitation to valence bond theory (VBT) is that:
It doesn’t explain paramagnetic behavior of O2
End to end overlapping of orbitals give rise to the formation of:
Sigma Bond
Pi bonds are formed by overlapping of:
Un-Hybrid Orbital
The concept of hybridization was given to remove which of the following drawbacks of V.B.T?
It could not explain tetravalency of carbon
Cl2 molecule is formed by the overlap of:
p-p head on overlapping of orbitals
The process in which the orbitals of different energies and shape mix with each other to give equivalent orbitals is called:
Hybridization
In which of the following species central metal atom is not sp3 hybridized:
NO3-
In ground state the unpaired electrons in carbon are:
2
The central atom which may not follow the octet rule while forming covalent bond
P
Which one shows high %age of the ionic character
HF
(Directly related to electronegativity difference)
Dipole moment gives the information about:
➡%ionic character
➡Bond angles
➡Geometry of the molecule
Bond length depends upon:
➡Hybridization on central atom
➡Nature of molecule
➡Size of central atom
Choose the incorrect relationship of bond energies:
➡Br-Br > I-I❌
➡Cl-Cl > F-F❌
➡C-C > N-N (Triple Bond)✅
The S.I unit of dipole moment is:
mC
Which of the following moelcules has non-zero dipole moment.
CH3Cl
Maximum dipole moment is possessed by:
H2O
The experimentally determined bond legth of C-Cl is 176.7pm and C-C is 154 pm, what would be the radius o Cl atom:
99.7 pm
(Bond Length= rc + rcl)
All elements get thier stabilization to attain nearest configuration:
Noble Gases
The difference in the E.N values of the bonded atoms between two atoms is an index to ___ of covalent bond.
Polar Nature
p character in sp:
50%
Which bonds are present in moelcule of H2, according to VBT:
SIgma Bond
Due to ionic character, bond length:
Decreases
Which of the following bond has more energy:
Ionic
VBT proposed by:
L-Pauling
Hybridization in ethyne:
sp-sp
The geomerty of AB3 type molecule is:
Trigonal Planar
Number o unpaired electrons in CO+2 is:
3
Bond order of O2-2
1
The ionic radius is always _____ than the atomic radius from which it is derived:
Smaller
The valence electron pairs are arranged around the central atom to remain at maximum distance apart to keep repulsion:
Minimum
Geometry of AlCl3 is:
AB3
Which one is more electronegative:
F
All are AB2 type except:
SO3
Ionization energy is inversely proportional to:
➡Shielding Effect
➡Atomic size
Hybridziation of carbon in carbonyl group is:
sp2
Ionization energy depends on which of the following factors?
➡Size of atoms
➡Nuclear Charge
➡Number of shells
Angle in ammonia:
180
Bond length in alkyne:
1.34 A
Shape of H2S:
Angular
He follows:
Duplet Rule
Extened octet rule:
PCl5
The second ionization energy is maximum for:
Li
Valence shell electron pair repuslion theory is given as:
VSEPR
SnCl2 is an example of:
AB3
Which of the following has least bond energy
I2
VSEPR explains the:
Shape of molecules
Bond angle in water:
104.5 Degree
The ionization energy increases from left to right in a period due to increase in:
➡Nuclear Charge
➡Number of electrons
➡Atomic Number
Which of the following represent spin of two electrons in orbital:
+1/2, -1/2
The forces present within a molecule are called as:
Chemical Bonds
The moelcules like CH4, CCl4 or SiH4 show attitude of non-polarity due to:
Symmetry of structure
The electron affinity and atomic radius are ___ to each other:
Inversely Proportional
If a moelcule contains 4 electron apirs, The shape of molecule will be:
Tetrahedral
The unit of electron affinity is:
KJ/mol
According to VSEPR, the repulsive force between the electron pairs of central atom of a molecule are in the order:
Lone Pair-Lone Pair>Lone Pair-Bond Pair>Bond Pair-Bond Pair
What is the exact value of angle in BF3 :
120 Degree
Which option show all the molecules with bond angle 109.5 degree.
SiCl4, NH4+, CH4
The structure of Xenon Trioxide. With reference to the VSEPR theory, the shape of XeO3 is:
Trigonal Pyramidal
Which of the following sets constitutes of all the molecules and ions of non-polar geometry?
CH4, NH4+, MnO4-, NF3
The shape of CO2 moelcule is similar to;
BeF2
What is the shape of ammonia NH3 molecule?
Pyramidal
(AB3E)
The number of bonds in nitrogen molecule is:
One sigma and Two pi bonds
When the two partially filled atomic orbital overlap in such a way that the probability of finding the electron is maximum around the line joining the two nuclei, the result is the formation of:
Sigma Bond
pi-bond is formed by sideways overlap of:
p-orbital
The angle between un-hybridized p-orbital and three sp2 hybridized orbitals of each carbon atom is:
90 degree
Which of the following molecule has largest number of shared pair electrons?
C2H4
Which one of the following molecules has sp3 hybridization:
CH4
Which of the following molecule has zero dipole moment?
BF3
Which of the following has zero dipole moment:
BF3
Among the following molecules, which one has coordinate covalent (dative) bond?
CO
Which of the following molecule has zero dipole moment?
BF3
For formation of ionic bond, electronegativity difference should be:
More than 1.7
The ionization energy of hydrogen atom is:
1313kJ/mole
The elements for which the value of ionization energy is low can:
Lose electron readily
Electron affinity of the atom is the energy released when:
Electron is added to gaseous atom
The shielding effect of inner electron is responsible for:
Decreasing ionization energy
What will be the shape of a molecule which contains two sigma bond pairs and one lone pair?
V shape
A molecule which contains two lone pairs and two bond pairs of electrons in valence shell of central atom, geometrical shape of molecules will be:
Angular
Fe+2 will from the most ionic bond with:
F-1
(Metallinc cation combines with most electronegative atom like F-1 to form most ionic bond)
Which of the following elements has lowest first ionization energy?
B
Which one of the following elements has the largest second ionization energy?
F
The bond angle in H2S is less than H2O, it is due to:
The small size of the oxygen atom
In the second period of elements, although oxygen lies next to nitrogen yet its first ionization energy is lower than that of nitrogen because:
In oxygen, there exists repulsion between pair of electrons present in the same orbital of valence shell
Which of the following has the highest value of electronegativity?
F
Which of the following hybrid orbital have maximum s-character?
sp
The first ionization energy is maximum for:
Mg
Which of the following has largest ionic size:
N-³
(Greater the negative charge, greater the size of ion)
Which of the following is correct relation for atomic radius:
A- > A > A+
For which molecule the bonding pair of electrons is equally shared between the atoms?
H2
An element with highest first ionization energy?
Nitrogen
Which factor does not effect ionization energy across the period:
Number of shell
Elements with ____ first ionization energies and ____ electron affinities generally form cations:
➡Low
➡Positive or Slightly Negative
Which pair of species have electronic configuration ends on 2s2 2p6 in their highest occupied energy level.
➡Na+
➡O-2
Which of the following have their outer most shell complete in atomic form:
Noble Gases
An atom loses or gains electrons, to:
➡Gain stability
➡Form a bond
➡Complete its outermost shell
Which of the following compounds does not obey octet rule:
➡PF3❌
➡BF3✅
➡NF3❌
➡AsF3❌
The compound which have three types of bonds is:
NH4Cl
A compound which is most ionic in nature:
RbF
(Due to High electonegativity difference)
Which of the following solid does not contain covalent bond:
Copper
Structure of AlCl3:
Triangular structure
Structure of NH3, PH3, H3O+:
Trigonal Pyramidal
Which have bond angle of 120°?
➡BF3
➡AlCl3
➡C2H4
NH3 has bond angle:
107.5°
Structure of ammonia is:
Pyramidal
In NH3 and NF3 molecules the bond angle is;
NH3 > NF3
(Due to attachment of more electronegative atoms)
Which type of bond is formed by overlap of p-orbitals perpendicular to the two nuclei:
Pi(π) bond
Hybridization is the extended form of ___ theory.
Valence Bond
Pi(π) bond:
Decreases bond length
The percentage of s-character in hybrid orbital which indicates shortest bond length:
50% s-character
When water donates its electron pair to hydrogen ion to form hydronium ion, hybridization is changed from;
Remains unchanged
(In H2O sp3 and in H3O+ sp3)
The hybridization state of ‘S’ in SO3 similar to that of:
C in C2H4
Which of the following is the most stable element:
Nitrogen
(Nitrogen is the most stable element because its bond energy is higher)
Which one has highest average bond energy?
N≡N
(Due to smaller size and multiple bonds)
When bond order increases, then bond length becomes ____ and the bond becomes:
➡Shorter
➡Stronger
The bond energy of Cl-Cl bond is;
242 kJ/mol
Which one has dipole moment?
o-Dichlorobenzene
Ionic compounds do not show the phenomenon of isomerism because bonds are:
➡Non-Directional
➡Non-Rigid
Which among the following has net dipole moment?
S2Cl2
Which of the following statements is incorrect
➡Among halogens chlorine has maximum electron affinity❌
➡Along the period M.P and B.P increases upto IVA group❌
➡Among Be, B, C and N, the Be element has minimum ionization energy value✅
➡Cs is the most electropositive and F is the most electronegative element❌
Which order of first ionization energy is correct:
Al < Mg
First electron affinity is maximum for:
Chlorine
Which factor does not effect I.E. across the period
➡Number of shells
➡Shielding Effect
Which of following does not affect I.E in group:
Nature of orbital
Which group of periodic table shown generally abnormal trends of ionization energy?
➡IIIA
➡VIA
In general, ionization energy increases along the period. The group which show maximum ionization energy?
VIIIA
The valence shell is:
The highest energy level occupied by electrons
Which of the following has the least bond angle:
➡BCl3 = 120°
➡NH3 = 107.5°
➡H2O = 104.5°
➡CH4 = 109.5°
A compound which has all the three types of chemical bonds:
➡CuSO4 . 5H2O
➡NaBH4
➡NH4Cl
In which of the following can donate an electron pair to the central atom?
There is no lone pair in central atom of BF3, H3O+ and AlCl3
Which among the following bonds shows the maximum bond strength?
Sigma Bond
Correct statement when coordinate covalent bond is formed between NH3 and BF3:
Ammonia donates its lone pair to 2p orbital of Boron
Which of the following molecules contains maximum number of lone pairs:
Chlorine gas
A compound which is most ionic in nature:
RbF
(Due to high electronegativity difference)
Bonding in phosphonium ion is ____ percent covalent:
75
Which of the following molecules contains six bonding electrons:
NF3
%age of coordinate covalent bond in NH4+:
25%
Which one has lone pair with central atom:
H2O
The shape of NH2-¹:
Angular
All of the following pairs have same shapes except:
➡SO2
➡AlCl3
Bond angle in paraffins is:
109.5°
Which molecule is planar:
C2Cl4
Which one of the following has maximum bond angle:
CO2
Choose the species that is incorrectly matched with the shape of the central atom:
➡CF4 = Tetrahedral❌
➡BeCl2 = Linear❌
➡H2O = Tetrahedral✅
➡NH3 = Pyramidal❌
According to VSEPR theory, a moelcule with the general formula AX4 with one lone pair will have a _____ molecular shape.
Trigonal BiPyramidal
Total no. of sigma electrons in one molecule of C2H2:
6
The carbon number 2 in the structure CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 shows a type of hybridization:
sp2
In which of the followings central atom is not hybridized:
AlH3
In which of the following molecules central atom is not sp3 hybridized:
SnCl2
In which of the following compound, carbon atoms has sp2 hybridization only:
1,3-butadiene
Which are the species in which central atom undergoes sp3 hybridization?
(i) SnCl2
(ii) NF3
(iii) SO4 -²
(iv) H2S
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
➡ii
➡iii
➡iv
All the atoms are coplanar in the molecule:
BF3
Which hybrid orbitals are used for bonding in triangular pyramidal molecule:
sp3
In the resonance structure of benzene the number of σ-bonds and π delocalized electrons are respectively:
➡12
➡6
The hybridization associated with the central atom of a molecule in which all the bond angles are 120° is:
sp2
In NH3, the covalent bonds are formed by:
s-sp3 overlap
Which of the following has the largest carbon-carbon bond length:
C2H6
The order of bond strength as a result of following head to head overlapping is;
p-p > s-p > s-s
Strongest bond among the following is;
H-H
The molecule having highest bond energy is;
C ≡ O
Which of the following has minimum bond dissociation energy:
I2
Which of the following is the best explaination that CO2 is non-polar molecule:
Net Dipole moment is zero
____ has highest dipole moment.
CHCl3
Covalent compounds show the phenomenon of isomerism because covalent bonds are:
➡Directional
➡Rigid
A molecule which does not have zero dipole moment
CO
Which of the following is most polar?
CH3F
Which of the following compounds is non-polar?
CO2
Greater the dipole moment:
Greater is the ionic nature
NH3 has net dipole moment but BF3 has zero dipole moment becasue of;
➡NH3 is pyramidal
➡BF3 is trigonal planar
2nd ionization energy of Mg is higher than the first because:
The nuclear pull for Mg+1 electrons is more than that for the Mg atom
Arrange the following according to the correct trend of 1st ionization energies: Na, Mg, Al, P, S
Na < Al < Mg < S < P
The second electron affinity value is ways with a positive sign. It is due to the repulsion of second incoming electron with;
Anion
Which one of the following has maximum electron affinity:
Cl
The octet rule is followed by the central atom in;
CCl4
Orbital around a single nucleus is called:
Atomic orbital
Ionic compounds are obtained by the combination of elements of groups:
1 and 7
Which of the following molecules has non-directional bond(s)
NaCl
The bond formed between the atoms having an electronegativity difference of 1.70 is:
➡50% Ionic
➡50% Covalent
In a double bond connecting 2 atoms there is a sharing of:
Two electron pairs
In the BF3 molecule, the B atom makes use of;
2p orbital
Which of the following molecules has all types of bonds except metallic bond
PH4Cl
The shape of H3O+ is;
Pyramidal
The total number of valence electrons of a nitrogen atom in an ammonium ion is;
8
Which one of the following is a linear molecule:
HCN
The molecular geometry of H2O is;
Bent
Lateral overlapping is expected in:
Pi-Bond
Total number of sigma electrons in one molecule of HC≡CH
6
An organic molecule formed by the chemical combination of two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms has:
➡5σ
➡1π
In sp3 hybridized orbital, the s character is:
25%
Which of the following molecule is not planar?
➡Benzene❌
➡Boron Trichloride❌
➡Ethene❌
➡Phosphorus Trichloride✅
On the basis of s-character which of the following overall results in a practically strongest bond
sp-sp
Which of the following molecules has the strongest hydrogen bond
HF
The molecule in which the distance between two carbon atoms is largest is:
Ethane
Which of the following is the weakest bond:
F-F
The nature of bonds and molecules of CO2 is ___ and ___ respectively.
➡Polar
➡Non-Polar
The carbon-hydrogen bond length is shortest in:
Ethyne
From the following, select one which can conduct electricity in solid as will a in a liquid state;
Zinc
Intermolecular forces present in ionic compounds are due to;
Electrostatic attractions
Debye Forces are present in
➡Cl2
➡HCl
A specie with dipole moment:
Cis-1,2-dichloroethane
In which of the following bond pair-bond pair angle is maximum:
Hydrogen Sulphide
First electron affinity is maximum for;
Chlorine
The shape of NH2- is:
Angular
Which group of periodic tables shows generally abnormal trends in ionization energy
➡III A
➡VI A
A specie with a maximum percentage of co-ordinate covalent character in any individual bond;
H3O +
Which one of the following has the maximum bond angle
CO2
A molecule which does not have zero dipole moment:
CO
A compound which is most ionic in nature:
RbF
In which of the following molecules all bonds are polar but the molecule is non-polar?
CCl4
Which of the following have maximum bond energy?
Cl2
All of the following pairs have the same shapes except:
➡NH3
➡PH3
Type of hybridization of carbons in 1,2-butadiene
➡sp3
➡sp2
➡sp
Maximum ionic character is exhibited by:
CsF
Atomic radius can be determined with the help of :
➡X-Rays
➡Spectroscopy
The percentage of s-character in a hybrid of nitrogen in ammonia:
25% s-character
The structure of SnCl2 is:
Bent
Which statement is not true for VBT:
➡Atomic orbitals after overlapping do not lose their identity❌
➡Only valence shell orbitals (un-paired) overlap❌
➡O2 shows paramagnetic behaviour✅
➡Number of covalent bonds between two atoms is equal to the number of unpaired electrons❌
The number of bonds in N2 molecules is/are:
One sigma and two pi
All of the following have almost similar bond angles except one:
NH3
2nd I.E is always endothermic and greater than that of the first I.E due to:
Greater Nuclear Charge
2nd and 3rd E. A is always ____.
Endothermic
Electronegativity is highest for which of the following group:
VII A
____ pair of group forms a stronger ionic bond
➡IA
➡VII A
Which of the following bond is most polar in nature
H-F
Oxy-acids of halogens have the co-ordinate covalent bond between:
Halogens and OXygen
Which of the following has a perfect triangular structure:
SO3
The limitation to valence bond theory (VBT) is that:
➡It doesn’t address the shapes of the molecules✅
➡It doesn’t involve the criteria of bond formation❌
➡It doesn’t involve the concept of valency❌
End-to-end overlapping of orbitals gives rise to the formation of:
Sigma Bond
Side by side overlapping of orbitals gives rise to the formation of:
Pi-Bond
In sp3 hybridized orbital, the s character is:
25%
Dipole moment gives the information about:
➡% ionic character
➡Geometry of bond angels
➡Bond angles
Bonding affects the properties like:
➡Solubility
➡Reaction Kinetics
➡Melting, Boiling Points and Isomerism
In sp2 hybridized orbital, the s character is:
33.33%
An ionic compound A+B- is most likely to form when:
➡Ionization energy of A is low
➡Electron affinity of B is high
Bond order of nitrogen molecule and neon:
3 and 0
Which of the following blocks will have comparatively higher electron affinity:
p block
All of the following species have a dative bond except:
OH-
The process in which the orbital’s different energies and shapes mix with each other to give equivalent hybrid orbitals is called:
Hybridization
The structure of water is;
Angular
In a crystal, cations and anions are held together by:
Electrostatic Forces
Ionic compounds are obtained by the combination of groups:
1 and 7
In a double bond connecting 2 atoms there is a sharing of:
Two electron pairs
F2 molecule is formed by the overlap of :
p-p head-on overlapping of orbitals
Which of the following compounds has a non-directional bond:
KBr
The struture of CrO4^-2 is:
Tetrahedral
A number of electrons shared in the SF6 molecule are:
12
The following molecules have linear structures except:
➡CS2❌
➡CO2❌
➡SO2✅
➡BeCl2❌
Which of the following species has lone pair of electrons on the central atom?
PCl3
The shape of H3O+ is:
Pyramidal
Which pair has a trigonal planar geometry
➡BF3
➡AlH3
Which of the following statements is not correct?
➡Double bond is stronger than a single bond❌
➡σ bond is stronger than the π bond❌
➡Triple bond is shorter than a double bond❌
➡σ bond is weaker than π bond✅
The molecule in which the distance between two carbon atoms is largest is:
Ethane
All the metals shine when they are freshly cut. The reason is;
The electrons are excited at higher energy levels
The total number of valence electrons of a nitrogen atom in an ammonium ion is;
8
Which one shows a high %age of the ionic character?
HF
Pi-bonds are produced by the overlapping of :
Un-hybrid Orbitals
The formation of a chemical bond takes place when:
Forces of attraction overcome forces of repulsion
The bond length depends upon:
➡Hybridizaiton on the central atom
➡Size of the central atom
➡Nature of molecule
In BF3 molecule, the B atom makes use of :
sp2 hybrid orbital
Product of charge and distance is called;
Dipole Moment
Among the following molecule highest dipole moment is _____ for;
SO2
Polar molecular solid among the following is:
C6H12O6
CHCl3 exist in a liquid state due to:
➡Dipole-Dipole
➡London Dispersion Forces
In NH3, dominant Van der Waal’s force among the following is:
Hydrogen Bonding
The octet rule is not followed by:
SO2
The central atom may not follow the octet rule while forming a covalent bond:
P
The formation of an ionic bond is favoured by:
The large size of metal ion
Which of the following molecules has non-directional bond
Ionic bonds are nondirectional because they are purely electrostatic attractions
Co-ordinate covalent bond is present in;
➡Phosphonium Ion
➡Perchloric acid
➡Nitric acid
The percentage of co-covalent bond present in B4- and NH4+ respectively.
25% each
Which of the following has all types of bonds except metallic bond:
➡AlF3
➡PH4Cl
➡NH4+
➡NaCl
The electronic geometry of NH3 is;
Tetrahedral
The moelcular geometry of H2O is;
Bent
NH4+ and H3O+ are examples of ___ and ___ system respectively.
➡AB4
➡AB3E
According to VSEPR theory O2 and benzene belongs to;
AB2 only
Identify the iso-structural pair:
➡NF3
➡H3O+
Which of the following is non-directional pair.
2s
The shape of which of the following molecuels cannot be explained without concept of hybridization:
NH3
The concept of hybridization was given to remove which of following drawback (s) of V.B.T
➡It does not explain paramagnetism of O2
➡It does not explain odd electron system
➡It could not explain tetravalency of carbon
The hybridization of ‘P’ in PCl5 is:
dsp^3
The shape of PF5 is:
Trigonal bipyramidal
Which of the following is the weakest bond:
O-F
Choose the incorrect relationship of bond energies:
➡Br-Br > I-I❌
➡Cl-Cl > F-F❌
➡C≡C > N≡N✅
On the basis of s-character which o the following bond is practically the strongest
50%
Which of the following s-character does not exist in covalent bonds:
75%
The S.I unit of dipole moment is;
mC
Pick the molecules with zero dipole moment
(i)PCl3 (ii)AlCl3 (iii)CHCl3 (iv)SO2 (v)SO3 (vi)H2S (vii)CS2 (viii)CO
➡II
➡V
➡VII
Total number of sigma electrons in one molecule of HC≡CH
6
Which o the following molecules has a non-zero dipole moment?
CH3Cl
Maximum ionic character is exhibited by:
CsF
The bond formed between the atoms having an electronegativity difference of 1.70 is;
➡50% ionic
➡50% covalent
Maximum dipole moment is processed by:
CH3Br
Which one of the following is a linear molecule
HCN
Which one of the following molecules will have no permanent dipole
C2Cl4
In which of the following molecule, the underlined element does not follow the octet rule?
BeO
Which of the following molecule contain six bonding electrons:
NH3
The correct order of bond angles is represented in:
CH4 > H2O > NF3 > H2S
Which of the following properties is not an absolute term of an element?
Covalent Radius
The nature of bonds and molecules of CO2 is ___ and __ respectively.
➡Polar
➡Non-Polar
Atomic radius can be determined by:
➡X-Ray
➡Spectroscopy
The correct order of ionic radius is:
N^-2 > O^-2 > F-
The value of the radius of Cl- is:
82 pm
The experimentally determined bond length of C-Cl is 176.7 pm and C-C is 154 pm. What would be the radius of the Cl atom?
99.7 pm
The nature of intermolecular forces in CHCl3:
Dipole-Dipole Forces
The shape of NH2 is :
Angular
Which of the following molecule has the strongest hydrogen bond
HF
The correct order of boiling points is;
S8 > P4 > O2 > Ar
Calculated dipole moment is always greater than observe due to errors in:
Charge
Which C-atom has sp2 hybridization in given molecule: CH2=CH-CH=CH2
1,2,3,4
In a molecule, the central atom contain four bonding electron pairs, the shape molecule will be:
Tetrahedral
Ionization energies of atoms depends upon the factors:
➡Atomic radius of atoms
➡Nature of orbitals
➡Shielding effect of inner electrons
Hybridization is the exteended form of ___ theory.
Valence Bond
The first four ionization energies of an element Z are 738, 1451, 7730 and 10541 kJ/mol. Which one of the following ions is most likely to be ormed when Z reacts with fluorine:
Z+2
Which one of the following processes requires the highest amount of energy.
He(g) ➡He+ + e-
CH4 is a nonpolar molecule. Which of the following similar molecules is alos non-polar.
SiH4
The I.E of nitrogen is more than that of oxygen due to the:
The extra stability of the half-filled orbitals
The elements of group ___ shows abnormal low values of electron affinity every period of periodic table.
IIA, VA and VIIA
The incorrect statement among the ollowign is:
➡The first ioization energy of Al is less than the first I.E. of Mg❌
➡The second ionization energy of Mg is greater than the second I.E. of Na✅
➡The first ionization energy of Na is less than the first I.E. of Mg❌
➡The third I.E. of Mg is greater than that of Al❌
Which group of periodic table shows generally abnormal trends in ionization energies
IIIA and VIA
Which one of the following has maximum bond angle?
CO2
A compound which is most ionic in ature
RbF
In which of the following molecules al bonds are polar but molecule is nonn-polar
CCl4
otal number of sigma electrons in one molecule of HC≡CH
6
Number of bonds in N2 molecule is/are:
One sigma and two pi
All of the following pairs have same shapes and same hybridization except:
➡SO2 and H2O✅
➡NH4 and SiCl4❌
➡NH2-1 and H2O❌
➡NH3 and PH3❌
Which factor does not effect I.E. across the period
➡Number of shells
➡Shielding Effect
Atomic radius can be determined with the help of:
➡X-Rays
➡Spectroscopy
The percentage of s-character in hybrid orbital which indicates shortest bond length:
50% s-character
The percentage of s-character in hybrid orbital which indicates shortest bond length:
50% s-character
Bond length decreases with:
Increase in the number of bonds between the atoms
A regular hexagonal crystalline lattice of ice is mostly formed by:
Hydrogen Bod
THe bond energy of Cl-Cl bond is:
242 kJ/mol
The VSEPR theory explains the ___ of molecules
Geometry
The hybridization assoicated with the central atom of a molecule in whch al the bond angles are 120° is:
sp2
Choose the species that is incorrectly matched with the shape of the central atom:
➡H2O:Tetrahedral✅
➡CF4:Tetrahedral❌
➡BeCl2:Linear❌
➡NH3:Pyramidal❌
The correct order of ionic radius is:
N-3 > O-2 > F-
A compound which has all the three types of chemical bonds:
➡CuSO4.5H2O
➡NaBH4
➡NH4Cl
First electron affinity is maximum for:
Chlorine
The shape of NH2- is:
Angular
Which one of the following compounds does not obey Octet rule:
BF3
Which one of the following molecules has the highest dipole moment
H2O
Covalent bond may be regarded as ___
➡Rigid
➡Directional
In NH3 and NF3 molecules the bond angle is:
NH3 > NF3
All the atoms are coplanar in the molecule ___
BF3
Bonding in phosponium ion is ___ percent covalent
75
Formaton of MgO is an example of:
Ionic Bond
The bond between H-H is
Stronger than the bond between C-C
Which hybrid orbitals are used for bonding in triangular pyramidal molecule
sp3
The hybridizaton state of ‘S in SO3 is similar to that of:
C in C2H4
Which of the following is NOT tetrahedral?
➡BF4-❌
➡SO4-2❌
➡NH4+❌
➡CO3-2✅
H-O-H bond angle in H2O is 104.5° and not 109.5° because of:
Lone Pair - Lone Pair repulsion
Greater the dipole moment:
Greater is the ionic nature
The electron affinity is the measure of the attraction of the nucleus of an atom for :
Extra incoming electron
Which of following pair contains iso-structural species:
SO4-2 and B4-
An orbital which is spherically symmetrical is:
s-orbital
Which of hte following compounds is non-polar:
CO2
How many unshared paris of electrons are present in the outer shell of the central atom of NH3:
1
Which of the following olecules does not have panar geometry?
Phosphorus trichloride
Which one of the following pair of compounds contains one that is giant ionic and one that is simple molecule?
Al2O3 and Al2Cl6
Which of the following molecules ahs only non-coplanar tetrahedral geometry?
C3H8
Ionic compounds show all of the following properties EXCEPT:
➡All are present in the solid state❌
➡All conduct electricity in the molten state❌
➡All show polymorphism and isomerism✅
➡All have non-directional and non-rigid bond❌
According to VSEPR theory, which o the following is not the basic condition for the regular geometry:
The electronegativity of central or surrouding atoms affect the bond angle
Majority of the compound in nature have:
Ordinary covalent bond
Which property is not shown by covalent compounds?
They are more reactive tha ionic compounds
Which one of the following molecules shows a linear geometry?
HCN
Second and higher electron affinity values are positive
because of:
Repulson between electrons and negatively charged ions
In which of the following ionic bond is formed between
atoms of elements?
Na and H
Which of the following molecuels has six bonding electrons?
NCl3
If two atoms are bonded in such a way that one member
of the covalently bonded molecule donates both electrons
that are shared, then what is this type of bond called?
Cooriante Covalent Bond
Which of the following molecules shows tetrahedral
geometry?
SO$-2
Which type of bonding is responsible for intermolecular
forces in liquid CCl4?
Instantaneous dipole – induced dipole forces
Which one of the following giant solids have greater
melting and boiling points on the basis of type of
bonding?
Covalent Slids
With the increase of which one of the following factors
bond energy of a molecule decreases:
Number of lone pair
Which of the following molecules has greater bond
energy?
➡H-H✅
➡N-N❌
➡O-O❌
➡F-F❌
Which of the following has trigonal planar geometry?
SO3
All of the following molecules have H–bonding EXCEPT
➡Ethanol❌
➡Ethanoic acid❌
➡Aminoethane❌
➡Propanone✅
Which of the following will not form H-bond with another of its own molecule?
CH3CHO
Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) is used as a refrigerating agent because it readily changes directly from the solid into the vapor state at low temperature. What does this indicate the main intermolecular bonding / forces in CO2(s) to be?
London Dispersion Forces
Which of the following theories was put forward by Drude and extended by Loren (1923) to explain the properties of metallic solid?
Electron Gas Theory
Magnesium oxide is used to line industrial furnaces
because it has a very high melting point. Which type of
bond needs to be broken for magnesium oxide to melt?
Ionic Bond
No electrovalent bond is 100% ionic in nature. This is because of:
➡When cations and anions approach each other,
polarizability increases only
➡Sharing of electrons takes place to some extent only
Sharing of electrons takes place to some extent only:
KCN
In the formation of a compound AB, an electron is transferred from an atom A to atom B, then?
The compound AB is electrovalent
In ethylene molecule, the sigma bond is formed by ________ overlapping
sp-sp
Which of the following has highest bond energy?
N≡N bond in N2
In which of the following molecule triple covalent bonds are present
N2
When sodium and chlorine react, energy is
Absorbed and ioic bond is formed
Which of the following molecule has largest number of shared pair of electrons?
C2H4
Elements whose electronegativities are 1.0 and 3.0 would form:
Ionic Bond
The percentage of ionic and covalent character in HF is:
43,57
The bond energies of F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2 are 37, 58, 46 and 36 kCals respectively. The strongest bond formed is in:
I2
According to VSEPR theory, the most probable shape of the molecule having four electron pairs around the central atom is:
Tetrahedral
sp3 hybridization is not important in describing the bonding in
CO2
Which shows non directional bondingL
CsCl
H–O–H bond angle in H2O is 104.5° and not 109° because of more space occupied:
Lone par-Lone pair
CO2 has no dipole moment because of?
No charge displacement
Which of the following species assumes planar structure?
CH3+
The bond formed between boron trifluoride and ammonia is:
Dative Bond
A-bond is formed by sideway overlapping of:
p-p orbital
Bond angle in NF3 is more closer to bond angle in:
H2O
The compound which contains both ionic and covalent bonds is:
KCN
The bond angle is maximum in:
CO2
If a molecule MX3 has zero dipole moment then -bonding orbital used by M (At. No. < 21) are:
sp2 hybridized
The total number of sigma bonds and pi bonds respectively present in one molecule of ethene are:
5 and 1
Bond angle in NH4+ ion is:
109.5°
The shape fo carbonate on (CO3-2) is:
Trigonal Planar
The hybridization of carbon in ethylene, graphite and diamond is respectively:
sp2, sp3, sp3
The strongest bond is present in:
C O
Octet rule is not followed by:
PCl5
In which of the following molecules central atom is not sp3 hybridized:
SO3
Bond energy is independent of:
London Forces
Bond energy is independent of:
London Forces
Structure of SnCl2 is:
Bent
Which overlapping may not lead to sigma bond formation:
p-p in ethene
Ionic bond with greater ionic character is mostly formed between elements of:
IIA and VIIA
How many numbers of non-hybrid orbitals are present in ethene?
1
In which of the following compound, central element is electron deficient:
BF3
Bonds in calcium carbide between carbon atoms are:
One sigma and two pi
% age of ionic character in the compound can be calculated by:
ionic/obs x 100
The Electrovalent bond is present in:
CaO
How many unshared pairs of electrons are present in chlorine molecule according to Lewis dot and cross model:
6
Which of the following technique is used to measure the bond length of bonded atoms?
➡X-Ray Dffraction
➡Microwave Spectroscopy
The bond between atoms of two elements of atomic number 17 and 19 is
Ionic
The most shorter bond is in ____ and most stronger bond is in _____
F2, Cl2
Hybridization is extension of ______
VBT
In which of the following compounds, the bond has the largest percentage of ionic character:
HF
The correct order of decreasing polarity is:
HF > H2O > NH3
Which of the following is non-polar but contains polar bonds?
CCl4
MgO is used to line industrial furnaces because it has very high melting point.Which type of bond needs to be broken for MgO to melt
Ionic
Which is not true in case of ionic bond?
➡It is linear bond❌
➡No bond is 100% ionic❌
➡It is formed between two atoms with large electronegativity
difference ❌
➡Its electronegativity difference is less than 1.7✅
Which compound has minimum bond length between
C=O in acetone
The geometry of the molecule and the geometry of the molecule is always same, if:
No lone pairs are present
The type of bonding which may be nter or intra-molecular s:
Dative
Which one of the following statement is true?
Ionic radius of caton is smaller than the atomic radius of the element from which it is derived
The extent of decrease in ionic reaius of a cation depends on:
➡Size o neutral atom rom which cation produced
➡Size of cation
➡Number of positive charges on the cation
The process in which electron is removed from gaseous atom is called:
Ionization
If EN of two bonded atom is equal to 1.7 then bond is 50% ionic and 50% covalent example of such bond is:
KBr
If an elemet of II-A group react with an element of VII-A group then the bond between then will be;
Ionic
If an element of II-A group react with an element of VII-A group then the bond between then will be;
Ionic
A bond between two non-metal atoms:
May be polar or non-polar covalent bond
The percentage of ionic character in NaCl is:
72%
Which one of wll not be able to form coordiante covalent bond?
CH4
The charce of cation M is +2 and on anion A is -3. The compound fomred has the formula:
M3A2
Which of the following is an example of odd molecule as as as bonding is concerned:
CO
All of the following species have dative bond except:
OH-
Linear overlapping of two p-orbitals from:
Pi bond
In hybridizatio the percentage of P character has -__ relationship with the bond length:
Direct
VSEPR fails to explain:
Formation of covalent bonds
Which has linear structure?
Alkyne
If central atom is surrounded by two electron pairs then the shape of molecule will be:
Linear
The geoetry of the molecule will be regular if central atom is surrounded by:
Bond pairs only
The bond angle in NF3 is:
102°
H3O+ has similar geometry with:
NH3
Many ionic compounds do not dissolve in water. Only those ionic compounds are soluble in water, for which:
Hydration energy is greater than lattice energy
Which one of the following is correct bond energy order of halogens:
Cl-Cl > Br-Br > F-F > I-I
SnCl4 is likely to be possessing ___ geometry and hybridization:
Tetrahedral and sp3
Which are the properties of covalent compounds?
➡Moderate Rate
➡Low Yield
➡Show isomerism
What type of bonding is present in BH4+1:
➡Covalent
➡Co-oridnate Covalent
_____ has dipole moment.
CO
Which of the following bonds have minimum bond energy
C-I
Boiling point of HF is ___ H2O.
Lower than
C-C bond length are 154, 133 and 120 pm for ethane,ethene and ethyne respectively. This is due to:
➡Increase in s-orbital contribution form sp3 to sp
➡π-bonding reduces inter-nuclear bond distance
➡Proton-Proton repulsion increases
The molecuel of NH2- has geometrical shape similar to?
H2O
The strength of a bond depends upon:
➡Bond Length
➡Atomic size
➡Electronegativity difference of bonded atoms
Following are the molecules with zero dipole moment except:
CO
In which of the followng pairs do the molecules have similar shapes?
AlCl3 and BCl3
Which of the following molecules will not form a hydrogen bond with another of ts own molecules?
CH3CHO
Which one of the following statements describes a phenomeon,which can be explained by intermolecular hydrogen-bonding?
Hydrogen chloride forms an acidic solution when dissolved in water
The C2H2 molecule is linear. What can be deduced from this about the number of σ and π bonds present in the molecule
3σ and 2π
Magnesium oxide is used to line indusrtial furnaces becaue it has a very high melting point. Which type of bond needs to be broken for magnesium oxide to melt?
Ionic
Aial overlapping is result in:
σ-bond
