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CHEMISTRY > UNIT#10 CHEMICAL BONDING > Flashcards

UNIT#10 CHEMICAL BONDING Flashcards

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1
Q

Which of the following has largest ionic size?

A

N-3

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2
Q

In a period, the atomic radii:

A

Decrease

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3
Q

Which of the following is correct realtion for atmoic radius:

A

A->A>A+

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4
Q

Ionization energy depends upon:

A

➡Atomic/Ionic Radii
➡Nature of orbital
➡Shielding effect

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5
Q

Which of the following has highest ionization energy value:

A

He
(I.E direclty proportional Stabilitiy of electronic configuration)

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6
Q

Greater shielding effect corresponds to -__ ionization energy value

A

Lesser

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7
Q

The group that has maximum 1st ionization energy values:

A

ns^2, np^6
(Octet is complete)

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8
Q

Which of the following group has maximum 1st electron affinity value in same period?

A

VII A

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9
Q

Which of the following element has lowest electron affinity?

A

He
(E.A inverseily proportional to stability of electronic configuration)

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10
Q

An ionic compound A+B- is most likely to form when:

A

➡Ionization energy of A is Low
➡Electron affinity of B is high

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11
Q

Formation of ionic bond is favoured by:

A

Low Ionization Energy of metal

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12
Q

Maximum ionic character is exhibited by:

A

CsF
(E.N difference of 3.3)

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13
Q

All of the following species have dative bond except:

A

OH-

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14
Q

Co-oridinate covalent bond is present in;

A

Hydronium Ion

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15
Q

The percentage of co-ordinate covalent bond present in BF4- and NH4- respectively:

A

25% each

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16
Q

If the sharing of an electron pair is unequal and the atom have an electronegativity difference of 1.4 to 1.6, what is this type of sharing called:

A

Polar Covalent

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17
Q

The following molecules has linear structure except:

A

SO2

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18
Q

Which of the following species has lone pair of electrons on central atom?

A

PCl3

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19
Q

Which pair has trigonal planar geometry?

A

➡BF3
➡AlH3

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20
Q

The shape of NH2- is:

A

Angular

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21
Q

WHich molecular gemoetry is not possible for AB4 type molecules

A

Trigonal Planar

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22
Q

The correct orer of bond angles is represented in:

A

CH4 >H2O> NF3>H2S

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23
Q

Which of the following has perect triangular structure:

A

SO3
(AB3 type)

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24
Q

Limitation to valence bond theory (VBT) is that:

A

It doesn’t explain paramagnetic behavior of O2

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25
Q

End to end overlapping of orbitals give rise to the formation of:

A

Sigma Bond

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26
Q

Pi bonds are formed by overlapping of:

A

Un-Hybrid Orbital

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27
Q

The concept of hybridization was given to remove which of the following drawbacks of V.B.T?

A

It could not explain tetravalency of carbon

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28
Q

Cl2 molecule is formed by the overlap of:

A

p-p head on overlapping of orbitals

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29
Q

The process in which the orbitals of different energies and shape mix with each other to give equivalent orbitals is called:

A

Hybridization

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30
Q

In which of the following species central metal atom is not sp3 hybridized:

A

NO3-

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31
Q

In ground state the unpaired electrons in carbon are:

A

2

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32
Q

The central atom which may not follow the octet rule while forming covalent bond

A

P

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33
Q

Which one shows high %age of the ionic character

A

HF
(Directly related to electronegativity difference)

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34
Q

Dipole moment gives the information about:

A

➡%ionic character
➡Bond angles
➡Geometry of the molecule

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35
Q

Bond length depends upon:

A

➡Hybridization on central atom
➡Nature of molecule
➡Size of central atom

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36
Q

Choose the incorrect relationship of bond energies:

A

➡Br-Br > I-I❌
➡Cl-Cl > F-F❌
➡C-C > N-N (Triple Bond)✅

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37
Q

The S.I unit of dipole moment is:

A

mC

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38
Q

Which of the following moelcules has non-zero dipole moment.

A

CH3Cl

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39
Q

Maximum dipole moment is possessed by:

A

H2O

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40
Q

The experimentally determined bond legth of C-Cl is 176.7pm and C-C is 154 pm, what would be the radius o Cl atom:

A

99.7 pm
(Bond Length= rc + rcl)

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41
Q

All elements get thier stabilization to attain nearest configuration:

A

Noble Gases

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42
Q

The difference in the E.N values of the bonded atoms between two atoms is an index to ___ of covalent bond.

A

Polar Nature

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43
Q

p character in sp:

A

50%

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44
Q

Which bonds are present in moelcule of H2, according to VBT:

A

SIgma Bond

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45
Q

Due to ionic character, bond length:

A

Decreases

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46
Q

Which of the following bond has more energy:

A

Ionic

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47
Q

VBT proposed by:

A

L-Pauling

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48
Q

Hybridization in ethyne:

A

sp-sp

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49
Q

The geomerty of AB3 type molecule is:

A

Trigonal Planar

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50
Q

Number o unpaired electrons in CO+2 is:

A

3

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51
Q

Bond order of O2-2

A

1

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52
Q

The ionic radius is always _____ than the atomic radius from which it is derived:

A

Smaller

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53
Q

The valence electron pairs are arranged around the central atom to remain at maximum distance apart to keep repulsion:

A

Minimum

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54
Q

Geometry of AlCl3 is:

A

AB3

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55
Q

Which one is more electronegative:

A

F

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56
Q

All are AB2 type except:

A

SO3

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57
Q

Ionization energy is inversely proportional to:

A

➡Shielding Effect
➡Atomic size

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58
Q

Hybridziation of carbon in carbonyl group is:

A

sp2

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59
Q

Ionization energy depends on which of the following factors?

A

➡Size of atoms
➡Nuclear Charge
➡Number of shells

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60
Q

Angle in ammonia:

A

180

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61
Q

Bond length in alkyne:

A

1.34 A

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62
Q

Shape of H2S:

A

Angular

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63
Q

He follows:

A

Duplet Rule

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64
Q

Extened octet rule:

A

PCl5

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65
Q

The second ionization energy is maximum for:

A

Li

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66
Q

Valence shell electron pair repuslion theory is given as:

A

VSEPR

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67
Q

SnCl2 is an example of:

A

AB3

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68
Q

Which of the following has least bond energy

A

I2

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69
Q

VSEPR explains the:

A

Shape of molecules

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70
Q

Bond angle in water:

A

104.5 Degree

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71
Q

The ionization energy increases from left to right in a period due to increase in:

A

➡Nuclear Charge
➡Number of electrons
➡Atomic Number

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72
Q

Which of the following represent spin of two electrons in orbital:

A

+1/2, -1/2

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73
Q

The forces present within a molecule are called as:

A

Chemical Bonds

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74
Q

The moelcules like CH4, CCl4 or SiH4 show attitude of non-polarity due to:

A

Symmetry of structure

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75
Q

The electron affinity and atomic radius are ___ to each other:

A

Inversely Proportional

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76
Q

If a moelcule contains 4 electron apirs, The shape of molecule will be:

A

Tetrahedral

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77
Q

The unit of electron affinity is:

A

KJ/mol

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78
Q

According to VSEPR, the repulsive force between the electron pairs of central atom of a molecule are in the order:

A

Lone Pair-Lone Pair>Lone Pair-Bond Pair>Bond Pair-Bond Pair

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79
Q

What is the exact value of angle in BF3 :

A

120 Degree

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80
Q

Which option show all the molecules with bond angle 109.5 degree.

A

SiCl4, NH4+, CH4

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81
Q

The structure of Xenon Trioxide. With reference to the VSEPR theory, the shape of XeO3 is:

A

Trigonal Pyramidal

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82
Q

Which of the following sets constitutes of all the molecules and ions of non-polar geometry?

A

CH4, NH4+, MnO4-, NF3

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83
Q

The shape of CO2 moelcule is similar to;

A

BeF2

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84
Q

What is the shape of ammonia NH3 molecule?

A

Pyramidal
(AB3E)

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85
Q

The number of bonds in nitrogen molecule is:

A

One sigma and Two pi bonds

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86
Q

When the two partially filled atomic orbital overlap in such a way that the probability of finding the electron is maximum around the line joining the two nuclei, the result is the formation of:

A

Sigma Bond

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87
Q

pi-bond is formed by sideways overlap of:

A

p-orbital

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88
Q

The angle between un-hybridized p-orbital and three sp2 hybridized orbitals of each carbon atom is:

A

90 degree

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89
Q

Which of the following molecule has largest number of shared pair electrons?

A

C2H4

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90
Q

Which one of the following molecules has sp3 hybridization:

A

CH4

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91
Q

Which of the following molecule has zero dipole moment?

A

BF3

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92
Q

Which of the following has zero dipole moment:

A

BF3

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93
Q

Among the following molecules, which one has coordinate covalent (dative) bond?

A

CO

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94
Q

Which of the following molecule has zero dipole moment?

A

BF3

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95
Q

For formation of ionic bond, electronegativity difference should be:

A

More than 1.7

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96
Q

The ionization energy of hydrogen atom is:

A

1313kJ/mole

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97
Q

The elements for which the value of ionization energy is low can:

A

Lose electron readily

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98
Q

Electron affinity of the atom is the energy released when:

A

Electron is added to gaseous atom

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99
Q

The shielding effect of inner electron is responsible for:

A

Decreasing ionization energy

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100
Q

What will be the shape of a molecule which contains two sigma bond pairs and one lone pair?

A

V shape

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101
Q

A molecule which contains two lone pairs and two bond pairs of electrons in valence shell of central atom, geometrical shape of molecules will be:

A

Angular

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102
Q

Fe+2 will from the most ionic bond with:

A

F-1
(Metallinc cation combines with most electronegative atom like F-1 to form most ionic bond)

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103
Q

Which of the following elements has lowest first ionization energy?

A

B

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104
Q

Which one of the following elements has the largest second ionization energy?

A

F

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105
Q

The bond angle in H2S is less than H2O, it is due to:

A

The small size of the oxygen atom

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106
Q

In the second period of elements, although oxygen lies next to nitrogen yet its first ionization energy is lower than that of nitrogen because:

A

In oxygen, there exists repulsion between pair of electrons present in the same orbital of valence shell

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107
Q

Which of the following has the highest value of electronegativity?

A

F

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108
Q

Which of the following hybrid orbital have maximum s-character?

A

sp

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109
Q

The first ionization energy is maximum for:

A

Mg

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110
Q

Which of the following has largest ionic size:

A

N-³
(Greater the negative charge, greater the size of ion)

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111
Q

Which of the following is correct relation for atomic radius:

A

A- > A > A+

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112
Q

For which molecule the bonding pair of electrons is equally shared between the atoms?

A

H2

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113
Q

An element with highest first ionization energy?

A

Nitrogen

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114
Q

Which factor does not effect ionization energy across the period:

A

Number of shell

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115
Q

Elements with ____ first ionization energies and ____ electron affinities generally form cations:

A

➡Low
➡Positive or Slightly Negative

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116
Q

Which pair of species have electronic configuration ends on 2s2 2p6 in their highest occupied energy level.

A

➡Na+
➡O-2

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117
Q

Which of the following have their outer most shell complete in atomic form:

A

Noble Gases

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118
Q

An atom loses or gains electrons, to:

A

➡Gain stability
➡Form a bond
➡Complete its outermost shell

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119
Q

Which of the following compounds does not obey octet rule:

A

➡PF3❌
➡BF3✅
➡NF3❌
➡AsF3❌

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120
Q

The compound which have three types of bonds is:

A

NH4Cl

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121
Q

A compound which is most ionic in nature:

A

RbF
(Due to High electonegativity difference)

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122
Q

Which of the following solid does not contain covalent bond:

A

Copper

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123
Q

Structure of AlCl3:

A

Triangular structure

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124
Q

Structure of NH3, PH3, H3O+:

A

Trigonal Pyramidal

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125
Q

Which have bond angle of 120°?

A

➡BF3
➡AlCl3
➡C2H4

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126
Q

NH3 has bond angle:

A

107.5°

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127
Q

Structure of ammonia is:

A

Pyramidal

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128
Q

In NH3 and NF3 molecules the bond angle is;

A

NH3 > NF3
(Due to attachment of more electronegative atoms)

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129
Q

Which type of bond is formed by overlap of p-orbitals perpendicular to the two nuclei:

A

Pi(π) bond

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130
Q

Hybridization is the extended form of ___ theory.

A

Valence Bond

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131
Q

Pi(π) bond:

A

Decreases bond length

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132
Q

The percentage of s-character in hybrid orbital which indicates shortest bond length:

A

50% s-character

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133
Q

When water donates its electron pair to hydrogen ion to form hydronium ion, hybridization is changed from;

A

Remains unchanged
(In H2O sp3 and in H3O+ sp3)

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134
Q

The hybridization state of ‘S’ in SO3 similar to that of:

A

C in C2H4

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135
Q

Which of the following is the most stable element:

A

Nitrogen
(Nitrogen is the most stable element because its bond energy is higher)

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136
Q

Which one has highest average bond energy?

A

N≡N
(Due to smaller size and multiple bonds)

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137
Q

When bond order increases, then bond length becomes ____ and the bond becomes:

A

➡Shorter
➡Stronger

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138
Q

The bond energy of Cl-Cl bond is;

A

242 kJ/mol

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139
Q

Which one has dipole moment?

A

o-Dichlorobenzene

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140
Q

Ionic compounds do not show the phenomenon of isomerism because bonds are:

A

➡Non-Directional
➡Non-Rigid

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141
Q

Which among the following has net dipole moment?

A

S2Cl2

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142
Q

Which of the following statements is incorrect

A

➡Among halogens chlorine has maximum electron affinity❌
➡Along the period M.P and B.P increases upto IVA group❌
➡Among Be, B, C and N, the Be element has minimum ionization energy value✅
➡Cs is the most electropositive and F is the most electronegative element❌

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143
Q

Which order of first ionization energy is correct:

A

Al < Mg

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144
Q

First electron affinity is maximum for:

A

Chlorine

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145
Q

Which factor does not effect I.E. across the period

A

➡Number of shells
➡Shielding Effect

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146
Q

Which of following does not affect I.E in group:

A

Nature of orbital

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147
Q

Which group of periodic table shown generally abnormal trends of ionization energy?

A

➡IIIA
➡VIA

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148
Q

In general, ionization energy increases along the period. The group which show maximum ionization energy?

A

VIIIA

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149
Q

The valence shell is:

A

The highest energy level occupied by electrons

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150
Q

Which of the following has the least bond angle:

A

➡BCl3 = 120°
➡NH3 = 107.5°
➡H2O = 104.5°
➡CH4 = 109.5°

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151
Q

A compound which has all the three types of chemical bonds:

A

➡CuSO4 . 5H2O
➡NaBH4
➡NH4Cl

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152
Q

In which of the following can donate an electron pair to the central atom?

A

There is no lone pair in central atom of BF3, H3O+ and AlCl3

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153
Q

Which among the following bonds shows the maximum bond strength?

A

Sigma Bond

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154
Q

Correct statement when coordinate covalent bond is formed between NH3 and BF3:

A

Ammonia donates its lone pair to 2p orbital of Boron

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155
Q

Which of the following molecules contains maximum number of lone pairs:

A

Chlorine gas

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156
Q

A compound which is most ionic in nature:

A

RbF
(Due to high electronegativity difference)

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157
Q

Bonding in phosphonium ion is ____ percent covalent:

A

75

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158
Q

Which of the following molecules contains six bonding electrons:

A

NF3

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159
Q

%age of coordinate covalent bond in NH4+:

A

25%

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160
Q

Which one has lone pair with central atom:

A

H2O

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161
Q

The shape of NH2-¹:

A

Angular

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162
Q

All of the following pairs have same shapes except:

A

➡SO2
➡AlCl3

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163
Q

Bond angle in paraffins is:

A

109.5°

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164
Q

Which molecule is planar:

A

C2Cl4

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165
Q

Which one of the following has maximum bond angle:

A

CO2

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166
Q

Choose the species that is incorrectly matched with the shape of the central atom:

A

➡CF4 = Tetrahedral❌
➡BeCl2 = Linear❌
➡H2O = Tetrahedral✅
➡NH3 = Pyramidal❌

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167
Q

According to VSEPR theory, a moelcule with the general formula AX4 with one lone pair will have a _____ molecular shape.

A

Trigonal BiPyramidal

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168
Q

Total no. of sigma electrons in one molecule of C2H2:

A

6

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169
Q

The carbon number 2 in the structure CH2=CH-CH2-CH3 shows a type of hybridization:

A

sp2

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170
Q

In which of the followings central atom is not hybridized:

A

AlH3

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171
Q

In which of the following molecules central atom is not sp3 hybridized:

A

SnCl2

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172
Q

In which of the following compound, carbon atoms has sp2 hybridization only:

A

1,3-butadiene

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173
Q

Which are the species in which central atom undergoes sp3 hybridization?
(i) SnCl2
(ii) NF3
(iii) SO4 -²
(iv) H2S
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

A

➡ii
➡iii
➡iv

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174
Q

All the atoms are coplanar in the molecule:

A

BF3

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175
Q

Which hybrid orbitals are used for bonding in triangular pyramidal molecule:

A

sp3

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176
Q

In the resonance structure of benzene the number of σ-bonds and π delocalized electrons are respectively:

A

➡12
➡6

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177
Q

The hybridization associated with the central atom of a molecule in which all the bond angles are 120° is:

A

sp2

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178
Q

In NH3, the covalent bonds are formed by:

A

s-sp3 overlap

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179
Q

Which of the following has the largest carbon-carbon bond length:

A

C2H6

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180
Q

The order of bond strength as a result of following head to head overlapping is;

A

p-p > s-p > s-s

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181
Q

Strongest bond among the following is;

A

H-H

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182
Q

The molecule having highest bond energy is;

A

C ≡ O

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183
Q

Which of the following has minimum bond dissociation energy:

A

I2

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184
Q

Which of the following is the best explaination that CO2 is non-polar molecule:

A

Net Dipole moment is zero

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185
Q

____ has highest dipole moment.

A

CHCl3

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186
Q

Covalent compounds show the phenomenon of isomerism because covalent bonds are:

A

➡Directional
➡Rigid

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187
Q

A molecule which does not have zero dipole moment

A

CO

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188
Q

Which of the following is most polar?

A

CH3F

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189
Q

Which of the following compounds is non-polar?

A

CO2

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190
Q

Greater the dipole moment:

A

Greater is the ionic nature

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191
Q

NH3 has net dipole moment but BF3 has zero dipole moment becasue of;

A

➡NH3 is pyramidal
➡BF3 is trigonal planar

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192
Q

2nd ionization energy of Mg is higher than the first because:

A

The nuclear pull for Mg+1 electrons is more than that for the Mg atom

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193
Q

Arrange the following according to the correct trend of 1st ionization energies: Na, Mg, Al, P, S

A

Na < Al < Mg < S < P

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194
Q

The second electron affinity value is ways with a positive sign. It is due to the repulsion of second incoming electron with;

A

Anion

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195
Q

Which one of the following has maximum electron affinity:

A

Cl

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196
Q

The octet rule is followed by the central atom in;

A

CCl4

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197
Q

Orbital around a single nucleus is called:

A

Atomic orbital

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198
Q

Ionic compounds are obtained by the combination of elements of groups:

A

1 and 7

199
Q

Which of the following molecules has non-directional bond(s)

A

NaCl

200
Q

The bond formed between the atoms having an electronegativity difference of 1.70 is:

A

➡50% Ionic
➡50% Covalent

201
Q

In a double bond connecting 2 atoms there is a sharing of:

A

Two electron pairs

202
Q

In the BF3 molecule, the B atom makes use of;

A

2p orbital

203
Q

Which of the following molecules has all types of bonds except metallic bond

A

PH4Cl

204
Q

The shape of H3O+ is;

A

Pyramidal

205
Q

The total number of valence electrons of a nitrogen atom in an ammonium ion is;

A

8

206
Q

Which one of the following is a linear molecule:

A

HCN

207
Q

The molecular geometry of H2O is;

A

Bent

208
Q

Lateral overlapping is expected in:

A

Pi-Bond

209
Q

Total number of sigma electrons in one molecule of HC≡CH

A

6

210
Q

An organic molecule formed by the chemical combination of two carbon atoms and four hydrogen atoms has:

A

➡5σ
➡1π

211
Q

In sp3 hybridized orbital, the s character is:

A

25%

212
Q

Which of the following molecule is not planar?

A

➡Benzene❌
➡Boron Trichloride❌
➡Ethene❌
➡Phosphorus Trichloride✅

213
Q

On the basis of s-character which of the following overall results in a practically strongest bond

A

sp-sp

214
Q

Which of the following molecules has the strongest hydrogen bond

A

HF

215
Q

The molecule in which the distance between two carbon atoms is largest is:

A

Ethane

216
Q

Which of the following is the weakest bond:

A

F-F

217
Q

The nature of bonds and molecules of CO2 is ___ and ___ respectively.

A

➡Polar
➡Non-Polar

218
Q

The carbon-hydrogen bond length is shortest in:

A

Ethyne

219
Q

From the following, select one which can conduct electricity in solid as will a in a liquid state;

A

Zinc

220
Q

Intermolecular forces present in ionic compounds are due to;

A

Electrostatic attractions

221
Q

Debye Forces are present in

A

➡Cl2
➡HCl

222
Q

A specie with dipole moment:

A

Cis-1,2-dichloroethane

223
Q

In which of the following bond pair-bond pair angle is maximum:

A

Hydrogen Sulphide

224
Q

First electron affinity is maximum for;

A

Chlorine

225
Q

The shape of NH2- is:

A

Angular

226
Q

Which group of periodic tables shows generally abnormal trends in ionization energy

A

➡III A
➡VI A

227
Q

A specie with a maximum percentage of co-ordinate covalent character in any individual bond;

A

H3O +

228
Q

Which one of the following has the maximum bond angle

A

CO2

229
Q

A molecule which does not have zero dipole moment:

A

CO

230
Q

A compound which is most ionic in nature:

A

RbF

231
Q

In which of the following molecules all bonds are polar but the molecule is non-polar?

A

CCl4

232
Q

Which of the following have maximum bond energy?

A

Cl2

233
Q

All of the following pairs have the same shapes except:

A

➡NH3
➡PH3

234
Q

Type of hybridization of carbons in 1,2-butadiene

A

➡sp3
➡sp2
➡sp

235
Q

Maximum ionic character is exhibited by:

A

CsF

236
Q

Atomic radius can be determined with the help of :

A

➡X-Rays
➡Spectroscopy

237
Q

The percentage of s-character in a hybrid of nitrogen in ammonia:

A

25% s-character

238
Q

The structure of SnCl2 is:

A

Bent

239
Q

Which statement is not true for VBT:

A

➡Atomic orbitals after overlapping do not lose their identity❌
➡Only valence shell orbitals (un-paired) overlap❌
➡O2 shows paramagnetic behaviour✅
➡Number of covalent bonds between two atoms is equal to the number of unpaired electrons❌

240
Q

The number of bonds in N2 molecules is/are:

A

One sigma and two pi

241
Q

All of the following have almost similar bond angles except one:

A

NH3

242
Q

2nd I.E is always endothermic and greater than that of the first I.E due to:

A

Greater Nuclear Charge

243
Q

2nd and 3rd E. A is always ____.

A

Endothermic

244
Q

Electronegativity is highest for which of the following group:

A

VII A

245
Q

____ pair of group forms a stronger ionic bond

A

➡IA
➡VII A

246
Q

Which of the following bond is most polar in nature

A

H-F

247
Q

Oxy-acids of halogens have the co-ordinate covalent bond between:

A

Halogens and OXygen

248
Q

Which of the following has a perfect triangular structure:

A

SO3

249
Q

The limitation to valence bond theory (VBT) is that:

A

➡It doesn’t address the shapes of the molecules✅
➡It doesn’t involve the criteria of bond formation❌
➡It doesn’t involve the concept of valency❌

250
Q

End-to-end overlapping of orbitals gives rise to the formation of:

A

Sigma Bond

251
Q

Side by side overlapping of orbitals gives rise to the formation of:

A

Pi-Bond

252
Q

In sp3 hybridized orbital, the s character is:

A

25%

253
Q

Dipole moment gives the information about:

A

➡% ionic character
➡Geometry of bond angels
➡Bond angles

254
Q

Bonding affects the properties like:

A

➡Solubility
➡Reaction Kinetics
➡Melting, Boiling Points and Isomerism

255
Q

In sp2 hybridized orbital, the s character is:

A

33.33%

256
Q

An ionic compound A+B- is most likely to form when:

A

➡Ionization energy of A is low
➡Electron affinity of B is high

257
Q

Bond order of nitrogen molecule and neon:

A

3 and 0

258
Q

Which of the following blocks will have comparatively higher electron affinity:

A

p block

259
Q

All of the following species have a dative bond except:

A

OH-

260
Q

The process in which the orbital’s different energies and shapes mix with each other to give equivalent hybrid orbitals is called:

A

Hybridization

261
Q

The structure of water is;

A

Angular

262
Q

In a crystal, cations and anions are held together by:

A

Electrostatic Forces

263
Q

Ionic compounds are obtained by the combination of groups:

A

1 and 7

264
Q

In a double bond connecting 2 atoms there is a sharing of:

A

Two electron pairs

265
Q

F2 molecule is formed by the overlap of :

A

p-p head-on overlapping of orbitals

266
Q

Which of the following compounds has a non-directional bond:

A

KBr

267
Q

The struture of CrO4^-2 is:

A

Tetrahedral

268
Q

A number of electrons shared in the SF6 molecule are:

A

12

269
Q

The following molecules have linear structures except:

A

➡CS2❌
➡CO2❌
➡SO2✅
➡BeCl2❌

270
Q

Which of the following species has lone pair of electrons on the central atom?

A

PCl3

271
Q

The shape of H3O+ is:

A

Pyramidal

272
Q

Which pair has a trigonal planar geometry

A

➡BF3
➡AlH3

273
Q

Which of the following statements is not correct?

A

➡Double bond is stronger than a single bond❌
➡σ bond is stronger than the π bond❌
➡Triple bond is shorter than a double bond❌
➡σ bond is weaker than π bond✅

274
Q

The molecule in which the distance between two carbon atoms is largest is:

A

Ethane

275
Q

All the metals shine when they are freshly cut. The reason is;

A

The electrons are excited at higher energy levels

276
Q

The total number of valence electrons of a nitrogen atom in an ammonium ion is;

A

8

277
Q

Which one shows a high %age of the ionic character?

A

HF

278
Q

Pi-bonds are produced by the overlapping of :

A

Un-hybrid Orbitals

279
Q

The formation of a chemical bond takes place when:

A

Forces of attraction overcome forces of repulsion

280
Q

The bond length depends upon:

A

➡Hybridizaiton on the central atom
➡Size of the central atom
➡Nature of molecule

281
Q

In BF3 molecule, the B atom makes use of :

A

sp2 hybrid orbital

282
Q

Product of charge and distance is called;

A

Dipole Moment

283
Q

Among the following molecule highest dipole moment is _____ for;

A

SO2

284
Q

Polar molecular solid among the following is:

A

C6H12O6

285
Q

CHCl3 exist in a liquid state due to:

A

➡Dipole-Dipole
➡London Dispersion Forces

286
Q

In NH3, dominant Van der Waal’s force among the following is:

A

Hydrogen Bonding

287
Q

The octet rule is not followed by:

A

SO2

288
Q

The central atom may not follow the octet rule while forming a covalent bond:

A

P

289
Q

The formation of an ionic bond is favoured by:

A

The large size of metal ion

290
Q

Which of the following molecules has non-directional bond

A

Ionic bonds are nondirectional because they are purely electrostatic attractions

291
Q

Co-ordinate covalent bond is present in;

A

➡Phosphonium Ion
➡Perchloric acid
➡Nitric acid

292
Q

The percentage of co-covalent bond present in B4- and NH4+ respectively.

A

25% each

293
Q

Which of the following has all types of bonds except metallic bond:

A

➡AlF3
➡PH4Cl
➡NH4+
➡NaCl

294
Q

The electronic geometry of NH3 is;

A

Tetrahedral

295
Q

The moelcular geometry of H2O is;

A

Bent

296
Q

NH4+ and H3O+ are examples of ___ and ___ system respectively.

A

➡AB4
➡AB3E

297
Q

According to VSEPR theory O2 and benzene belongs to;

A

AB2 only

298
Q

Identify the iso-structural pair:

A

➡NF3
➡H3O+

299
Q

Which of the following is non-directional pair.

A

2s

300
Q

The shape of which of the following molecuels cannot be explained without concept of hybridization:

A

NH3

301
Q

The concept of hybridization was given to remove which of following drawback (s) of V.B.T

A

➡It does not explain paramagnetism of O2
➡It does not explain odd electron system
➡It could not explain tetravalency of carbon

302
Q

The hybridization of ‘P’ in PCl5 is:

A

dsp^3

303
Q

The shape of PF5 is:

A

Trigonal bipyramidal

304
Q

Which of the following is the weakest bond:

A

O-F

305
Q

Choose the incorrect relationship of bond energies:

A

➡Br-Br > I-I❌
➡Cl-Cl > F-F❌
➡C≡C > N≡N✅

306
Q

On the basis of s-character which o the following bond is practically the strongest

A

50%

307
Q

Which of the following s-character does not exist in covalent bonds:

A

75%

308
Q

The S.I unit of dipole moment is;

A

mC

309
Q

Pick the molecules with zero dipole moment
(i)PCl3 (ii)AlCl3 (iii)CHCl3 (iv)SO2 (v)SO3 (vi)H2S (vii)CS2 (viii)CO

A

➡II
➡V
➡VII

310
Q

Total number of sigma electrons in one molecule of HC≡CH

A

6

311
Q

Which o the following molecules has a non-zero dipole moment?

A

CH3Cl

312
Q

Maximum ionic character is exhibited by:

A

CsF

313
Q

The bond formed between the atoms having an electronegativity difference of 1.70 is;

A

➡50% ionic
➡50% covalent

314
Q

Maximum dipole moment is processed by:

A

CH3Br

315
Q

Which one of the following is a linear molecule

A

HCN

316
Q

Which one of the following molecules will have no permanent dipole

A

C2Cl4

317
Q

In which of the following molecule, the underlined element does not follow the octet rule?

A

BeO

318
Q

Which of the following molecule contain six bonding electrons:

A

NH3

319
Q

The correct order of bond angles is represented in:

A

CH4 > H2O > NF3 > H2S

320
Q

Which of the following properties is not an absolute term of an element?

A

Covalent Radius

321
Q

The nature of bonds and molecules of CO2 is ___ and __ respectively.

A

➡Polar
➡Non-Polar

322
Q

Atomic radius can be determined by:

A

➡X-Ray
➡Spectroscopy

323
Q

The correct order of ionic radius is:

A

N^-2 > O^-2 > F-

324
Q

The value of the radius of Cl- is:

A

82 pm

325
Q

The experimentally determined bond length of C-Cl is 176.7 pm and C-C is 154 pm. What would be the radius of the Cl atom?

A

99.7 pm

326
Q

The nature of intermolecular forces in CHCl3:

A

Dipole-Dipole Forces

327
Q

The shape of NH2 is :

A

Angular

328
Q

Which of the following molecule has the strongest hydrogen bond

A

HF

329
Q

The correct order of boiling points is;

A

S8 > P4 > O2 > Ar

330
Q

Calculated dipole moment is always greater than observe due to errors in:

A

Charge

331
Q

Which C-atom has sp2 hybridization in given molecule: CH2=CH-CH=CH2

A

1,2,3,4

332
Q

In a molecule, the central atom contain four bonding electron pairs, the shape molecule will be:

A

Tetrahedral

333
Q

Ionization energies of atoms depends upon the factors:

A

➡Atomic radius of atoms
➡Nature of orbitals
➡Shielding effect of inner electrons

334
Q

Hybridization is the exteended form of ___ theory.

A

Valence Bond

335
Q

The first four ionization energies of an element Z are 738, 1451, 7730 and 10541 kJ/mol. Which one of the following ions is most likely to be ormed when Z reacts with fluorine:

A

Z+2

336
Q

Which one of the following processes requires the highest amount of energy.

A

He(g) ➡He+ + e-

337
Q

CH4 is a nonpolar molecule. Which of the following similar molecules is alos non-polar.

A

SiH4

338
Q

The I.E of nitrogen is more than that of oxygen due to the:

A

The extra stability of the half-filled orbitals

339
Q

The elements of group ___ shows abnormal low values of electron affinity every period of periodic table.

A

IIA, VA and VIIA

340
Q

The incorrect statement among the ollowign is:

A

➡The first ioization energy of Al is less than the first I.E. of Mg❌
➡The second ionization energy of Mg is greater than the second I.E. of Na✅
➡The first ionization energy of Na is less than the first I.E. of Mg❌
➡The third I.E. of Mg is greater than that of Al❌

341
Q

Which group of periodic table shows generally abnormal trends in ionization energies

A

IIIA and VIA

342
Q

Which one of the following has maximum bond angle?

A

CO2

343
Q

A compound which is most ionic in ature

A

RbF

344
Q

In which of the following molecules al bonds are polar but molecule is nonn-polar

A

CCl4

345
Q

otal number of sigma electrons in one molecule of HC≡CH

A

6

346
Q

Number of bonds in N2 molecule is/are:

A

One sigma and two pi

347
Q

All of the following pairs have same shapes and same hybridization except:

A

➡SO2 and H2O✅
➡NH4 and SiCl4❌
➡NH2-1 and H2O❌
➡NH3 and PH3❌

348
Q

Which factor does not effect I.E. across the period

A

➡Number of shells
➡Shielding Effect

349
Q

Atomic radius can be determined with the help of:

A

➡X-Rays
➡Spectroscopy

350
Q

The percentage of s-character in hybrid orbital which indicates shortest bond length:

A

50% s-character

351
Q

The percentage of s-character in hybrid orbital which indicates shortest bond length:

A

50% s-character

352
Q

Bond length decreases with:

A

Increase in the number of bonds between the atoms

353
Q

A regular hexagonal crystalline lattice of ice is mostly formed by:

A

Hydrogen Bod

354
Q

THe bond energy of Cl-Cl bond is:

A

242 kJ/mol

355
Q

The VSEPR theory explains the ___ of molecules

A

Geometry

356
Q

The hybridization assoicated with the central atom of a molecule in whch al the bond angles are 120° is:

A

sp2

357
Q

Choose the species that is incorrectly matched with the shape of the central atom:

A

➡H2O:Tetrahedral✅
➡CF4:Tetrahedral❌
➡BeCl2:Linear❌
➡NH3:Pyramidal❌

358
Q

The correct order of ionic radius is:

A

N-3 > O-2 > F-

359
Q

A compound which has all the three types of chemical bonds:

A

➡CuSO4.5H2O
➡NaBH4
➡NH4Cl

360
Q

First electron affinity is maximum for:

A

Chlorine

361
Q

The shape of NH2- is:

A

Angular

362
Q

Which one of the following compounds does not obey Octet rule:

A

BF3

363
Q

Which one of the following molecules has the highest dipole moment

A

H2O

364
Q

Covalent bond may be regarded as ___

A

➡Rigid
➡Directional

365
Q

In NH3 and NF3 molecules the bond angle is:

A

NH3 > NF3

366
Q

All the atoms are coplanar in the molecule ___

A

BF3

367
Q

Bonding in phosponium ion is ___ percent covalent

A

75

368
Q

Formaton of MgO is an example of:

A

Ionic Bond

369
Q

The bond between H-H is

A

Stronger than the bond between C-C

370
Q

Which hybrid orbitals are used for bonding in triangular pyramidal molecule

A

sp3

371
Q

The hybridizaton state of ‘S in SO3 is similar to that of:

A

C in C2H4

372
Q

Which of the following is NOT tetrahedral?

A

➡BF4-❌
➡SO4-2❌
➡NH4+❌
➡CO3-2✅

373
Q

H-O-H bond angle in H2O is 104.5° and not 109.5° because of:

A

Lone Pair - Lone Pair repulsion

374
Q

Greater the dipole moment:

A

Greater is the ionic nature

375
Q

The electron affinity is the measure of the attraction of the nucleus of an atom for :

A

Extra incoming electron

376
Q

Which of following pair contains iso-structural species:

A

SO4-2 and B4-

377
Q

An orbital which is spherically symmetrical is:

A

s-orbital

378
Q

Which of hte following compounds is non-polar:

A

CO2

379
Q

How many unshared paris of electrons are present in the outer shell of the central atom of NH3:

A

1

380
Q

Which of the following olecules does not have panar geometry?

A

Phosphorus trichloride

381
Q

Which one of the following pair of compounds contains one that is giant ionic and one that is simple molecule?

A

Al2O3 and Al2Cl6

382
Q

Which of the following molecules ahs only non-coplanar tetrahedral geometry?

A

C3H8

383
Q

Ionic compounds show all of the following properties EXCEPT:

A

➡All are present in the solid state❌
➡All conduct electricity in the molten state❌
➡All show polymorphism and isomerism✅
➡All have non-directional and non-rigid bond❌

384
Q

According to VSEPR theory, which o the following is not the basic condition for the regular geometry:

A

The electronegativity of central or surrouding atoms affect the bond angle

385
Q

Majority of the compound in nature have:

A

Ordinary covalent bond

386
Q

Which property is not shown by covalent compounds?

A

They are more reactive tha ionic compounds

387
Q

Which one of the following molecules shows a linear geometry?

A

HCN

388
Q

Second and higher electron affinity values are positive
because of:

A

Repulson between electrons and negatively charged ions

389
Q

In which of the following ionic bond is formed between
atoms of elements?

A

Na and H

390
Q

Which of the following molecuels has six bonding electrons?

A

NCl3

391
Q

If two atoms are bonded in such a way that one member
of the covalently bonded molecule donates both electrons
that are shared, then what is this type of bond called?

A

Cooriante Covalent Bond

392
Q

Which of the following molecules shows tetrahedral
geometry?

A

SO$-2

393
Q

Which type of bonding is responsible for intermolecular
forces in liquid CCl4?

A

Instantaneous dipole – induced dipole forces

394
Q

Which one of the following giant solids have greater
melting and boiling points on the basis of type of
bonding?

A

Covalent Slids

395
Q

With the increase of which one of the following factors
bond energy of a molecule decreases:

A

Number of lone pair

396
Q

Which of the following molecules has greater bond
energy?

A

➡H-H✅
➡N-N❌
➡O-O❌
➡F-F❌

397
Q

Which of the following has trigonal planar geometry?

A

SO3

398
Q

All of the following molecules have H–bonding EXCEPT

A

➡Ethanol❌
➡Ethanoic acid❌
➡Aminoethane❌
➡Propanone✅

399
Q

Which of the following will not form H-bond with another of its own molecule?

A

CH3CHO

400
Q

Solid carbon dioxide (dry ice) is used as a refrigerating agent because it readily changes directly from the solid into the vapor state at low temperature. What does this indicate the main intermolecular bonding / forces in CO2(s) to be?

A

London Dispersion Forces

401
Q

Which of the following theories was put forward by Drude and extended by Loren (1923) to explain the properties of metallic solid?

A

Electron Gas Theory

402
Q

Magnesium oxide is used to line industrial furnaces
because it has a very high melting point. Which type of
bond needs to be broken for magnesium oxide to melt?

A

Ionic Bond

403
Q

No electrovalent bond is 100% ionic in nature. This is because of:

A

➡When cations and anions approach each other,
polarizability increases only
➡Sharing of electrons takes place to some extent only

404
Q

Sharing of electrons takes place to some extent only:

A

KCN

405
Q

In the formation of a compound AB, an electron is transferred from an atom A to atom B, then?

A

The compound AB is electrovalent

406
Q

In ethylene molecule, the sigma bond is formed by ________ overlapping

A

sp-sp

407
Q

Which of the following has highest bond energy?

A

N≡N bond in N2

408
Q

In which of the following molecule triple covalent bonds are present

A

N2

409
Q

When sodium and chlorine react, energy is

A

Absorbed and ioic bond is formed

410
Q

Which of the following molecule has largest number of shared pair of electrons?

A

C2H4

411
Q

Elements whose electronegativities are 1.0 and 3.0 would form:

A

Ionic Bond

412
Q

The percentage of ionic and covalent character in HF is:

A

43,57

413
Q

The bond energies of F2, Cl2, Br2 and I2 are 37, 58, 46 and 36 kCals respectively. The strongest bond formed is in:

A

I2

414
Q

According to VSEPR theory, the most probable shape of the molecule having four electron pairs around the central atom is:

A

Tetrahedral

415
Q

sp3 hybridization is not important in describing the bonding in

A

CO2

416
Q

Which shows non directional bondingL

A

CsCl

417
Q

H–O–H bond angle in H2O is 104.5° and not 109° because of more space occupied:

A

Lone par-Lone pair

418
Q

CO2 has no dipole moment because of?

A

No charge displacement

419
Q

Which of the following species assumes planar structure?

A

CH3+

420
Q

The bond formed between boron trifluoride and ammonia is:

A

Dative Bond

421
Q

A-bond is formed by sideway overlapping of:

A

p-p orbital

422
Q

Bond angle in NF3 is more closer to bond angle in:

A

H2O

423
Q

The compound which contains both ionic and covalent bonds is:

A

KCN

424
Q

The bond angle is maximum in:

A

CO2

425
Q

If a molecule MX3 has zero dipole moment then -bonding orbital used by M (At. No. < 21) are:

A

sp2 hybridized

426
Q

The total number of sigma bonds and pi bonds respectively present in one molecule of ethene are:

A

5 and 1

427
Q

Bond angle in NH4+ ion is:

A

109.5°

428
Q

The shape fo carbonate on (CO3-2) is:

A

Trigonal Planar

429
Q

The hybridization of carbon in ethylene, graphite and diamond is respectively:

A

sp2, sp3, sp3

430
Q

The strongest bond is present in:

A

C O

431
Q

Octet rule is not followed by:

A

PCl5

432
Q

In which of the following molecules central atom is not sp3 hybridized:

A

SO3

433
Q

Bond energy is independent of:

A

London Forces

434
Q

Bond energy is independent of:

A

London Forces

435
Q

Structure of SnCl2 is:

A

Bent

436
Q

Which overlapping may not lead to sigma bond formation:

A

p-p in ethene

437
Q

Ionic bond with greater ionic character is mostly formed between elements of:

A

IIA and VIIA

438
Q

How many numbers of non-hybrid orbitals are present in ethene?

A

1

439
Q

In which of the following compound, central element is electron deficient:

A

BF3

440
Q

Bonds in calcium carbide between carbon atoms are:

A

One sigma and two pi

441
Q

% age of ionic character in the compound can be calculated by:

A

ionic/obs x 100

442
Q

The Electrovalent bond is present in:

A

CaO

443
Q

How many unshared pairs of electrons are present in chlorine molecule according to Lewis dot and cross model:

A

6

444
Q

Which of the following technique is used to measure the bond length of bonded atoms?

A

➡X-Ray Dffraction
➡Microwave Spectroscopy

445
Q

The bond between atoms of two elements of atomic number 17 and 19 is

A

Ionic

446
Q

The most shorter bond is in ____ and most stronger bond is in _____

A

F2, Cl2

447
Q

Hybridization is extension of ______

A

VBT

448
Q

In which of the following compounds, the bond has the largest percentage of ionic character:

A

HF

449
Q

The correct order of decreasing polarity is:

A

HF > H2O > NH3

450
Q

Which of the following is non-polar but contains polar bonds?

A

CCl4

451
Q

MgO is used to line industrial furnaces because it has very high melting point.Which type of bond needs to be broken for MgO to melt

A

Ionic

452
Q

Which is not true in case of ionic bond?

A

➡It is linear bond❌
➡No bond is 100% ionic❌
➡It is formed between two atoms with large electronegativity
difference ❌
➡Its electronegativity difference is less than 1.7✅

453
Q

Which compound has minimum bond length between

A

C=O in acetone

454
Q

The geometry of the molecule and the geometry of the molecule is always same, if:

A

No lone pairs are present

455
Q

The type of bonding which may be nter or intra-molecular s:

A

Dative

456
Q

Which one of the following statement is true?

A

Ionic radius of caton is smaller than the atomic radius of the element from which it is derived

457
Q

The extent of decrease in ionic reaius of a cation depends on:

A

➡Size o neutral atom rom which cation produced
➡Size of cation
➡Number of positive charges on the cation

458
Q

The process in which electron is removed from gaseous atom is called:

A

Ionization

459
Q

If EN of two bonded atom is equal to 1.7 then bond is 50% ionic and 50% covalent example of such bond is:

A

KBr

460
Q

If an elemet of II-A group react with an element of VII-A group then the bond between then will be;

A

Ionic

461
Q

If an element of II-A group react with an element of VII-A group then the bond between then will be;

A

Ionic

462
Q

A bond between two non-metal atoms:

A

May be polar or non-polar covalent bond

463
Q

The percentage of ionic character in NaCl is:

A

72%

464
Q

Which one of wll not be able to form coordiante covalent bond?

A

CH4

465
Q

The charce of cation M is +2 and on anion A is -3. The compound fomred has the formula:

A

M3A2

466
Q

Which of the following is an example of odd molecule as as as bonding is concerned:

A

CO

467
Q

All of the following species have dative bond except:

A

OH-

468
Q

Linear overlapping of two p-orbitals from:

A

Pi bond

469
Q

In hybridizatio the percentage of P character has -__ relationship with the bond length:

A

Direct

470
Q

VSEPR fails to explain:

A

Formation of covalent bonds

471
Q

Which has linear structure?

A

Alkyne

472
Q

If central atom is surrounded by two electron pairs then the shape of molecule will be:

A

Linear

473
Q

The geoetry of the molecule will be regular if central atom is surrounded by:

A

Bond pairs only

474
Q

The bond angle in NF3 is:

A

102°

475
Q

H3O+ has similar geometry with:

A

NH3

476
Q

Many ionic compounds do not dissolve in water. Only those ionic compounds are soluble in water, for which:

A

Hydration energy is greater than lattice energy

477
Q

Which one of the following is correct bond energy order of halogens:

A

Cl-Cl > Br-Br > F-F > I-I

478
Q

SnCl4 is likely to be possessing ___ geometry and hybridization:

A

Tetrahedral and sp3

479
Q

Which are the properties of covalent compounds?

A

➡Moderate Rate
➡Low Yield
➡Show isomerism

480
Q

What type of bonding is present in BH4+1:

A

➡Covalent
➡Co-oridnate Covalent

481
Q

_____ has dipole moment.

A

CO

482
Q

Which of the following bonds have minimum bond energy

A

C-I

483
Q

Boiling point of HF is ___ H2O.

A

Lower than

484
Q

C-C bond length are 154, 133 and 120 pm for ethane,ethene and ethyne respectively. This is due to:

A

➡Increase in s-orbital contribution form sp3 to sp
➡π-bonding reduces inter-nuclear bond distance
➡Proton-Proton repulsion increases

485
Q

The molecuel of NH2- has geometrical shape similar to?

A

H2O

486
Q

The strength of a bond depends upon:

A

➡Bond Length
➡Atomic size
➡Electronegativity difference of bonded atoms

487
Q

Following are the molecules with zero dipole moment except:

A

CO

488
Q

In which of the followng pairs do the molecules have similar shapes?

A

AlCl3 and BCl3

489
Q

Which of the following molecules will not form a hydrogen bond with another of ts own molecules?

A

CH3CHO

490
Q

Which one of the following statements describes a phenomeon,which can be explained by intermolecular hydrogen-bonding?

A

Hydrogen chloride forms an acidic solution when dissolved in water

491
Q

The C2H2 molecule is linear. What can be deduced from this about the number of σ and π bonds present in the molecule

A

3σ and 2π

492
Q

Magnesium oxide is used to line indusrtial furnaces becaue it has a very high melting point. Which type of bond needs to be broken for magnesium oxide to melt?

A

Ionic

493
Q

Aial overlapping is result in:

A

σ-bond

CHEMISTRY (19 decks)

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