UNIT 16-HALOGENOALKANES🤎 Flashcards
define a halogenoalkane
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explain how to name halogenoalkanes (3) (for understanding)
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draw the following halogenolkanes correctly fluoromethane, chloromethane, fluoroethane, 1-bromopropane, 2-chloropentane, 1,2-dibromoethane, 3,3,4,4-tetrabromohexane (for understanding)
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draw the following halogenoalkanes correctly: 1-bromo-2-chloroethane, 1-bromo-3-chloro-2-iodobutane, 1-bromo-4-chloro-3-fluoropentane (for understanding)
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draw the following halogenoalkanes correctly: 2-iodo-3-methylbutane, 2-bromo-3-chloro-2,3-dimethylbutane (for understanding)
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describe the bonds in halogenoalkanes in terms of polarity, explain the differences in reactivity of different haloalkanes with reference to the strength of the C–X bonds
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differentiate between primary, secondary and tertiary halogenoalkanes by drawing and definition. which of these is the most stable?
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give three ways how halogenoalkanes can be made
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how are halogenoalkanes made by free radical substitution? give the reactants, condition and an example equation
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how are halogenoalkanes made by electrophilic addition? explain and write an equation
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how are halogenoalkanes made by substitution of an alcohol? write three different equations
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define a nucleophilic substitution reaction, why is a halogenoalkane more reactive than an alkane?
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explain and write an equation for a substitution reaction of a halogenoalkane with an alkali (reactants and conditions), which particle is the nucleophile?
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explain how to test for the halogen present in a haloalkane, which halogenalkane is the most reactive and why? state the trend of reactivity of halokalkanes
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write an equation for a substitution reaction of a halogenoalkane with cyanide ions (conditions and reagents), which particle is the nucleophile?
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write an equation for a substitution reaction of a halogenoalkane with ammonia (conditions and reagents) , which particle is the nucleophile? explain why the product is classified as a primary amine
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what is SN2? (2) Draw and explain a mechanism for nucleophilic substitution in halogenoalkanes (include positive inducive effect of an alkyl group)
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what is SN1? (2) Draw and explain a mechanism for nucleophilic substitution in halogenoalkanes (include positive inducive effect of an alkyl group), define a carbocation
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explain which mechanism does a secondary halogenoalkane reacts via (2)
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give and draw three types of carbocations, state the most stable, explain why the tertiary carbocation is the most stable (3)
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define an elimination reaction
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explain the elimination reaction of a haloalkane (equation showing reactants & products, conditions)
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