Unit 15 Crisis/Disaster Flashcards
What is a crisis?
Psychological problem which a person cannot resolve with his/her customary problem solving
- Acute, not chronic and will be resolved within 4-6 weeks
- A crisis has the potential for growth or deterioration
What does early crisis intervention do, the nurse’s role, and what is the goal?
- Deals with the here and now
- Nurse takes active role in intervention
- Early intervention increases the chance for a better prognosis
GOAL: Maintain pre-crisis level of functioning
What happens physiologically in a crisis?
-anxiety rises where the individual becomes nonfunctional, thoughts become obsessional, and all behavior is aimed at the relief of the anxiety
What are the 4 phases of a crisis?
OR…[Panic level of anxiety]: disordered cognitive functions, liable emotions, possible psychotic thinking
Whether or not a person experiences a crisis in response to a stressful situation depends on what?
- The individuals perception of the event
- Availability of situational supports
- Adequate coping mechanisms
What are types of Crisis’?
Maturational- aging, lifespan (ex: pregnant woman)
Situational- present time (ex: you have cancer) external situations like loss of job, death of a loved one, abortion, divorce, change in financial status, domestic violence, crime
Adventitious- things out of your control (ex: hurricane)
What are the four phases in the technique of crisis intervention?
First phase ASSESSMENT:
- Describe event
- Determine when it occurred
- Assess physical and mental status
- Assess past and present coping skills
- etc
Second phase PLANNING:
- Select the appropriate nursing action for the identified problem
- The goals are established for crisis resolution and a return to or even increase in the pre-crisis level of functioning
Third phase INTERVENTION:
- Actions are implemented
- Set firm limits on unacceptable behavior
- Guide client through problem-solving process
- Acknowledge feelings
Fourth phase, EVALUATION:
- Has positive behavioral changes occurred?
- Has the person developed better coping strategies?
- Has the individual grown?
What is the primary focus on disaster response?
On the survivors, workers, and their families
List and describe the 6 components of active listening.
- Support survivor in setting the pace
- Allow silence
- Attend nonverbally
- Paraphrase
- Reflect feelings
- Accept expressions of emotion
Describe the components of a “rule out” assessment in an acute crisis. (In other words what to rule out)
- Medical attention
- Intoxication
- Psychosis
- SI/HI
During an acute crisis assessment what are the components of a cognitive and emotional assessment?
- Orientation
- Concentration
- Judgement/Insight
- Short term/long term memory
- Appropriateness of their emotional response
What is the SAFER method for conducting individual crisis interventions?
S- Stabilize, introduce, meet basic needs, assess functioning
A- Acknowledge, listen to their story
F- Facilitation of understanding
E- Encouragement of effective coping
R- Referral