Unit 15 Crisis/Disaster Flashcards

1
Q

What is a crisis?

A

Psychological problem which a person cannot resolve with his/her customary problem solving

  • Acute, not chronic and will be resolved within 4-6 weeks
  • A crisis has the potential for growth or deterioration
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2
Q

What does early crisis intervention do, the nurse’s role, and what is the goal?

A
  • Deals with the here and now
  • Nurse takes active role in intervention
  • Early intervention increases the chance for a better prognosis

GOAL: Maintain pre-crisis level of functioning

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3
Q

What happens physiologically in a crisis?

A

-anxiety rises where the individual becomes nonfunctional, thoughts become obsessional, and all behavior is aimed at the relief of the anxiety

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4
Q

What are the 4 phases of a crisis?

A

OR…[Panic level of anxiety]: disordered cognitive functions, liable emotions, possible psychotic thinking

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5
Q

Whether or not a person experiences a crisis in response to a stressful situation depends on what?

A
  • The individuals perception of the event
  • Availability of situational supports
  • Adequate coping mechanisms
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6
Q

What are types of Crisis’?

A

Maturational- aging, lifespan (ex: pregnant woman)

Situational- present time (ex: you have cancer) external situations like loss of job, death of a loved one, abortion, divorce, change in financial status, domestic violence, crime

Adventitious- things out of your control (ex: hurricane)

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7
Q

What are the four phases in the technique of crisis intervention?

A

First phase ASSESSMENT:

  • Describe event
  • Determine when it occurred
  • Assess physical and mental status
  • Assess past and present coping skills
  • etc

Second phase PLANNING:

  • Select the appropriate nursing action for the identified problem
  • The goals are established for crisis resolution and a return to or even increase in the pre-crisis level of functioning

Third phase INTERVENTION:

  • Actions are implemented
  • Set firm limits on unacceptable behavior
  • Guide client through problem-solving process
  • Acknowledge feelings

Fourth phase, EVALUATION:

  • Has positive behavioral changes occurred?
  • Has the person developed better coping strategies?
  • Has the individual grown?
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8
Q

What is the primary focus on disaster response?

A

On the survivors, workers, and their families

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9
Q

List and describe the 6 components of active listening.

A
  1. Support survivor in setting the pace
  2. Allow silence
  3. Attend nonverbally
  4. Paraphrase
  5. Reflect feelings
  6. Accept expressions of emotion
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10
Q

Describe the components of a “rule out” assessment in an acute crisis. (In other words what to rule out)

A
  1. Medical attention
  2. Intoxication
  3. Psychosis
  4. SI/HI
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11
Q

During an acute crisis assessment what are the components of a cognitive and emotional assessment?

A
  • Orientation
  • Concentration
  • Judgement/Insight
  • Short term/long term memory
  • Appropriateness of their emotional response
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12
Q

What is the SAFER method for conducting individual crisis interventions?

A

S- Stabilize, introduce, meet basic needs, assess functioning

A- Acknowledge, listen to their story

F- Facilitation of understanding

E- Encouragement of effective coping

R- Referral

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