Unit 14 Flashcards
pleased
happy, satisfied
Her mother was pleased that she chose a college close to home.
I’m pleased to tell you that you’ve got the job.
amused
if you are amused by something, you think it is funny and you smile or laugh
Ellen seemed amused by the whole situation.
I could see she was highly amused (=very amused).
The man looked a little amused.
He won’t be very amused (=he will be annoyed) when he finds out what’s happened to his garden.
excited
happy, interested, or hopeful because something good has happened or will happen
Steve flies home tomorrow – we’re all really excited.
excited about
Maria’s starting to get pretty excited about the wedding.
excited by/at
We’re all excited by the prospect of a party.
هیجان زده
flattered
pleased because someone has shown you that they like or admire you
We were flattered by all the attention
خوشحالی ناشی از تمجید دیگران
shocked
feeling surprised and upset by something very unexpected and unpleasant
shocked by
I was deeply shocked by Jo’s death.
shocked at
He is shocked at what happened to his son.
shocked look/expression/voice etc
She gave him a shocked look.
For a few minutes she stood in shocked silence.
We were too shocked to talk.
surprised
having a feeling of surprise
He looked surprised to see Cassie standing by the front door.
surprised at/by
We were greatly surprised at the news.
surprised (that)
She was surprised that no one was there to greet her.
surprised to see/hear/learn etc
I bet she’ll be really surprised to see me.
He had a surprised look on his face.
Don’t be surprised if the interviewer is rather direct.
I wouldn’t be surprised if she married that fellow.
horrified
to make someone feel very shocked and upset or afraid
Henry was horrified by what had happened.
horrified to see/hear/find etc
She was horrified to discover that he loved Rose
وحشت زده
angry
feeling strong emotions which make you want to shout at someone or hurt them because they have behaved in an unfair, cruel, offensive etc way, or because you think that a situation is unfair, unacceptable etc → annoyed
I was angry because he hadn’t told me his plans.
He was beginning to get angry.
His comments brought an angry response from opposition politicians.
‘Calm down, ’ she said, looking at his angry face.
Jesse laughed, which made me even angrier.
annoyed
n‧noyed /əˈnɔɪd/ ●●● S2 adjective
slightly angry SYN irritated, → angry
I’ll be annoyed if we don’t finish by eight.
be annoyed at/with somebody
She was annoyed with Duncan for forgetting to phone.
be annoyed about/by something
He was annoyed by her apparent indifference.
annoyed that
Mr Davies was annoyed that the books were missing.
irritated
feeling annoyed and impatient about something
irritated about/at/with/by
John was getting irritated by all her questions.
► see thesaurus at angry
2 painful and sore
Her throat and eyes were irritated.
disappointed
unhappy because something you hoped for did not happen, or because someone or something was not as good as you expected
Dad seemed more disappointed than angry.
disappointed customers
disappointed (that)
I was disappointed that we played so well yet still lost.
disappointed at/with/about something
Local residents were disappointed with the decision.
disappointed by something
People are disappointed by the lack of political change.
disappointed in somebody
I’m very disappointed in you.
disappointed to hear/see/find etc
Visitors were disappointed to find the museum closed.
bitterly/deeply/terribly disappointed
The girl’s parents were bitterly disappointed at the jury’s verdict
ناامید
sad
FEELING UNHAPPY not happy, especially because something unpleasant has happened OPP happy
feel/look/sound sad
Dad looked sad and worried as he read the letter.
be sad to hear/see/read etc something
I was very sad to hear that he had died.
sad that
Lilly felt sad that Christmas was over.
sad about
I was sad about the friends I was leaving behind.
sad smile/face/expression etc
There was such a sad look in her eyes.
calm
relaxed and quiet, not angry, nervous, or upset
Glen was calm and composed at the funeral.
**remain/stay/keep calm
**
I tried to stay calm and just ignore him.
relieved
feeling happy because you are no longer worried about something → relief
greatly/immensely/extremely etc relieved
She looked immensely relieved when she heard the news.
relieved to see/hear/know something
His mother was relieved to see him happy again.
relieved (that)
I felt relieved that Ben would be there.
A relieved smile spread over his face.
راحت شدن ، تسکین یافتن
hurt
INJURE SOMEBODY [transitive] to injure yourself or someone else
Was anyone hurt in the accident?
Put that thing down – you might hurt someone with it.
hurt your arm/leg/nose etc
He hurt his knee playing football.
hurt yourself
Be careful you don’t fall and hurt yourself.
offended
someone who is offended is angry and upset by someone’s behaviour or remarks
feel/look/sound offended
Stella was beginning to feel a little offended.
I knew that Piers would be deeply offended.
I get very offended when he talks to me like that.
radio listeners who are easily offended
احساس توهین شدن
suspicious
thinking that someone might be guilty of doing something wrong or dishonest
suspicious of
Some of his colleagues at work became suspicious of his behaviour.
suspicious about
They were suspicious about my past.
His reluctance to answer my questions made me suspicious.
She gave him a suspicious glance.
You’ve got a very suspicious mind!
مشکوک
curious
wanting to know about something → inquisitive
Puppies are naturally curious.
curious about
He was curious about how she would react.
curious to know/see/hear etc
Mandy was curious to know what happened.
curious look/glance
Her shouting attracted some curious glances from other people in the restaurant.
کنجکاو
thoughtful
always thinking of the things you can do to make people happy or comfortable OPP thoughtless
Paul is very thoughtful.
it is thoughtful of somebody to do something
It was really thoughtful of you to remember my birthday.
nervous
worried or frightened about something, and unable to relax → anxious
nervous about something
She was so nervous about her exams that she couldn’t sleep.
I wish you’d stop looking at me like that. You’re making me nervous.
feel/get nervous
Paul always gets nervous whenever he has to give a presentation.
nervous smile/laugh/look/glance
‘Don’t be silly, ’ she said with a nervous laugh. ‘There’s no such thing as ghosts.’
By the time I got into the interview I was a nervous wreck (=was extremely nervous).
nervous of somebody
We were all a bit nervous of him at first (=frightened of him).
worried
unhappy because you keep thinking about a problem, or about something bad that might happen
She gave me a worried look.
worried about
I’m really worried about my brother.
worried by
Local people are worried by the rise in crime.
worried (that)
I was worried we wouldn’t have enough money.
His parents must be worried sick (=extremely worried).
frightened
feeling afraid** SYN scared**
Don’t be frightened. We’re not going to hurt you.
frightened of
I was frightened of being left by myself in the house.
Her father had an awful temper and she was always frightened of him.
frightened to do something
The boy was frightened to speak.
frightened that
She’s frightened that her ex-husband will find her.
To tell the truth, I was frightened to death (=very frightened).
a frightened horse
► Do not confuse frightened, which describes a feeling, and frightening, which describes something that makes you feel frightened: a frightened child | a frightening experience
terrified
very frightened
a terrified little girl
terrified of
Sid is terrified of heights.
She was terrified of being caught.
terrified (that)
We were terrified that the bridge would collapse.
terrified at
He was terrified at the thought of being stranded in the woods.
terrified to do something
He was terrified to stay home alone.
uneasy
worried or slightly afraid because you think that something bad might happen
uneasy about
Ninety percent of those questioned felt uneasy about nuclear power.
نا آرام
anxious
worried about something
anxious about
He was a bit anxious about the safety of the machinery.
anxious for
We were anxious for you.
anxious (that)
She was anxious that it might be cancer.
an anxious look/expression
She gave me an anxious look.
دلواپس
confused
unable to understand or think clearly about what someone is saying or what is happening
I’m totally confused. Could you explain that again?
confused about
If you’re confused about anything, phone me.
All the roads looked the same and he felt thoroughly confused.
گیج شدن
uncertain
feeling doubt about something SYN unsure
uncertain whether/how/what etc
He was uncertain how much further he could walk.
uncertain about/of
I was uncertain about what to do next.
نا مطمئن
indifferent
not at all interested in someone or something
indifferent to
Sarah was absolutely indifferent to him, and it hurt.
بی تفاوت
unconcerned
not worried about something because you think it does not affect you
unconcerned about
Many large companies seem totally unconcerned about the environment.
بی دغدغه
undecided
not having made a decision about something important SYN unsure, uncertain
undecided about
I’m still undecided about how I’ll vote.
undecided what/which/whether etc
Nadine was undecided whether or not to go to college.
بلاتکلیف
bored
tired and impatient because you do not think something is interesting, or because you have nothing to do
He was easily bored.
After a while, I got bored and left.
bored with
Are you bored with your present job?
bored stiff/to tears/to death/out of your mind (=extremely bored)
خستگی و بی حالی
uninterested
not interested → disinterested
uninterested in
He was uninterested in politics.
fed up
informal annoyed or bored, and wanting something to change
She felt tired and a bit fed up.
fed up with
I’m really fed up with this constant rain.
Anna got fed up with waiting.
Subtle
not easy to notice or understand unless you pay careful attention OPP obvious
The pictures are similar, but there are subtle differences between them.
The warning signs of the disease are so subtle that they are often ignored.
a subtle form of racism
گنگ نامعلوم
Sincerity
when someone is sincere and really means what they are saying OPP insincerity
I don’t doubt her sincerity, but I think she’s got her facts wrong.
May I say in all sincerity that we could not have achieved this much without your help and support.
صداقت و درستی و خلوص
Afterward
after an event or time that has already been mentioned
Charles arrived shortly afterwards.
days/weeks etc afterwards
The experience haunted me for years afterwards.
She died not long afterwards.
Afterwards, I was asked to write a book.
پس از آن
Distinguish
to recognize and understand the difference between two or more things or people SYN differentiate
distinguish between
His attorney argued that Cope could not distinguish between right and wrong.
distinguish somebody/something from
a method of distinguishing cancer cells from normal tissue
تمیز دادن ، تشخیص بین دو چیز
Manner
the way in which something is done or happens
manner of (doing) something
It seemed rather an odd manner of deciding things.
He felt some guilt over the manner of her death.
in a … manner
I had hoped you would behave in a more responsible manner.
The issue will be resolved in a manner that is fair to both sides.
criticism of the manner in which the bishop was appointed
in the usual/normal etc manner
The matter should be submitted to the accounts committee in the usual manner.
روش ، رفتار ، طریقه
Extraordinarily
extremely
We were extraordinarily lucky.
2 in a way that seems strange
Why had James behaved so extraordinarily?
Efficient
if someone or something is efficient, they work well without wasting time, money, or energy OPP inefficient
a very efficient secretary
an efficient use of land
Lighting is now more energy efficient.
کارآمد
Instrument
a small tool used in work such as science or medicine
surgical instruments
ابزار
Interpret
to translate spoken words from one language into another
They spoke good Spanish, and promised to interpret for me.
2 [transitive] to believe that something someone does or something that happens has a particular meaning
interpret something as something
His refusal to work late was interpreted as a lack of commitment to the company.
3 [transitive] to explain the meaning of something
Freud’s attempts to interpret the meaning of dreams
4 [transitive] to perform a part in a play, a piece of music etc in a way that shows your feelings about it or what you think it means
تفسیر
Anthropology
the scientific study of people, their societies, cultures etc → ethnology, sociology
مردم شناسی
Unimpressed
not thinking that someone or something is good, interesting etc
unimpressed with/by
Board members were unimpressed with the plan.
تحت تاثیر قرار نگرفتن
Undaunted
not afraid of continuing to try to do something in spite of difficulties or danger SYN undeterred
undaunted by
Undaunted by the enormity of the task, they began rebuilding the village.
بی باک
Convention
a large formal meeting for people who belong to the same profession or organization or who have the same interests
a teachers’ convention
the city’s new convention center
a convention for science fiction fans
کنوانسیون ، مجمع
Wondered
to think about something that you are not sure about and try to guess what is true, what will happen etc
wonder who/what/how etc
I wonder how James is getting on.
What are they going to do now, I wonder?
wonder if/whether
I wonder if I’ll recognize Philip after all these years.
He’s been leaving work early a lot – it makes you wonder, doesn’t it?
شگفت زده
Fundamental
1 relating to the most basic and important parts of something
We have to tackle the fundamental cause of the problem.
fundamental change/difference/distinction/shift etc
a fundamental difference in opinion
fundamental mistake/error
Novice programmers sometimes make fundamental errors.
the fundamental principles of liberty and equality
2 very necessary and important
fundamental human rights
fundamental to
Water is fundamental to survival.
اساسی
Revelation
a surprising fact about someone or something that was previously secret and is now made known
revelation about/concerning
He resigned after revelations about his affair.
startling revelations about his background
revelation that
revelations that two senior officers had lied in court
افشا شدن
Encounter
to experience something, especially problems or opposition
encounter problems/difficulties
They encountered serious problems when two members of the expedition were injured.
encounter opposition/resistance
The government has encountered strong opposition to its plans to raise income tax.
The doctor had encountered several similar cases in the past.
رویا رویی ، مواجهه
Virologist
the scientific study of viruses or of the diseases caused by them
ویروس شناس
Tribe
a social group consisting of people of the same race who have the same beliefs, customs, language etc, and usually live in one particular area ruled by their leader
a tribe of Aborigines known as the Dolphin People
قبیله
Hostile
angry and deliberately unfriendly towards someone, and ready to argue with them
Southampton fans gave their former coach a hostile reception.
Carr wouldn’t meet Feng’s stare, which was openly hostile.
his hostile attitude
hostile to/towards
The boy feels hostile towards his father.
خصمانه
Footage
cinema film showing a particular event
old footage from the First World War
فیلم گرفتن عادی
Breakthrough
an important new discovery in something you are studying, especially one made after trying for a long time
breakthrough in
Scientists have made a major breakthrough in the treatment of cancer.
پیشرفت فوق العاده ، گذشتن از سد مشکلات
Extraneous
not belonging to or directly related to a particular subject or problem SYN irrelevant
extraneous to
Such details are extraneous to the matter in hand.
2 coming from outside
extraneous noises
خارجی ، بیگانه
Protégés
someone, especially a young person, who is taught and helped by someone who has influence, power, or more experience
She attempted to encourage her young protégé.
کاراموز ، شاگرد
Flickered
to burn or shine with an unsteady light that goes on and off quickly
The overhead lights flickered momentarily.
سوسو زدن نور
Indulgent
willing to allow someone, especially a child, to do or have whatever they want, even if this is not good for them
toys bought by their indulgent grandparents
بخشش مسامحه ، دلسوزی
Evidence
facts or signs that show clearly that something exists or is true
evidence of
At present we have no evidence of life on other planets.
evidence for
There is no evidence for these claims.
evidence that
Do you have evidence that this treatment works?
شواهد و مدارک
Taxonomy
the process or a system of organizing things into different groups that show their natural relationships, especially plants or animals
طبقه بندی علمی
Conceivable
able to be believed or imagined OPP inconceivable
It is conceivable that you may get full compensation, but it’s not likely.
We were discussing the problems from every conceivable angle.
ممکن
Devastated
feeling extremely shocked and sad
She was left feeling totally devastated.
ruin
ویران
Concentrate
to think very carefully about something that you are doing → concentration
Now please concentrate.
Adrian was finding it difficult to concentrate.
concentrate on
Be quiet – let me concentrate on my homework.
تمرکز
Repertoire
collection
