Unit 1.3

Question 1

Define the term holistic.

Answer 1

Viewing the person as a whole taking into account their culture, background, beliefs, living situation as well as their physical, emotional and social needs.

Question 2

Explain using an example, one definition of health.

Answer 2

-Personal, where an individual deems themselves to be healthy when they can achieve a task for example or meet aspirations.

Or

· Negative view of health is when the focus is on an absence of disease or illness.

Or

· Positive view of health focuses on personal and physical capabilities together with social and emotional well-being.

Question 3

Identify and explain two approaches used in health promotion campaigns.

Answer 3

Educational/behavioural · adoption of healthier lifestyles by providing information (education) · to change behaviour · freedom of informed choice · May be short term

Bio Medical · focus on preventing disease by immunisations/ screening · carried out by professionals · choose to turn up.

Societal · political action to change the physical or social environment · laws · no freedom of choice · long term solution · sanctions necessary · May produce rebels.

Question 4

A long-term health promotion campaign in the UK was to reduce the number of teenage pregnancies. The aim was to halve the number of teenage pregnancies (under 16s) by 2010.

With refrence to the graph, exaplin the results of the campaign so far.

Answer 4

Overall trend is slightly downwards for one thousand conceptions/pregnancies or less

· 2007 was a rogue year, going up for abortions

· Declining trend for birth rates

· Slight increase in abortion numbers

· Overall more abortions than births

· Strategy not going to be successful in halving rate of pregnancies by 2010/aim not met

Question 5

State one social and one educational reason why the UK has the highest teenage pregnancy rate in Western Europe.

Answer 5

-Problems at home/reconstituted families

· Deprivation/poverty as a result of unemployment

· Lack of aspiration in finding jobs/ achieving high educational standards

· Peer pressure

· Changed culture such as binge drinking and acceptance of under age pregnancy/births

PROVIDING THERE IS A CLEAR LINK TO

TEENAGE PREGNANCY

Question 6

Examine the factors which may have contributed to the lack of sucess with this health promotion campaign.

Answer 6

Different areas/health authorities provide different levels of funding/senior managers/priority

· Not enough long-term strategies such as implants, injections, texts to remind teenagers to use contraception

· Not enough social and sex education given to young males/fathers

· More contact with teenage mums and their difficulties

· More effort to provide jobs for young people

· GPs, pharmacists, clinicians to be more welcome to young people seeking advice

· More literature deterring teenagers from sex

· Free condoms, contraceptives availability

· Greater use/availability of the morning after pill needed

· Improved sex education needed

· Need for greater media awareness

· Need for personal consultations at school and work

· Encourage more self esteem in young women

· Education/practice in saying no to sex/resisting peer pressure