Unit 1.3 Flashcards
What are some issues in development?
Nature and nurture
Continuity versus discontinuity
Early in later experience
What is nature and nurture?
Development is primarily influenced by nature or nurture
What is continuity and discontinuity
Development involves gradual, cumulative, change (continuity), or distinct changes (discontinuity)
What is early and later experience
The degree to which early experiences or later experiences are key determinants of the child’s development
Developmental theory: Psychoanaylytic
 Sigmund Freud development is primarily subconscious and influence by emotion sexual motivation drives development
What is Freud’s five stages of psychoanalytic?
Oral stage – birth to one and a half years
Anal stage – 1 1/2 to 3 years
Phallic stage – 3 to 6 years
Latency stage – six years to puberty
General stage Dash puberty onward 
Air, Ericksons development theory: Psychoanaylytic
Focuses on psychosocial rather than psychosexual stages
Ericksons stages of development
Integrity versus despair
Generatively versus stagnation
Intimacy versus isolation
Identity versus identity confusion
Industry versus inferiority
Initiative versus guilt
Autonomy versus shame and doubt
Trust versus mistrust
What is some of the contributions of psychoanalytic theories?
Early experiences play an important part in development, activities of the mind, or not entirely conscious, incorporate family relationships as central, and changes take place throughout the lifespan
What are some criticisms of the psycho analytic theory?
Main concepts are difficult to test, data come from individuals, reconstruction, unconscious mind is giving too much credit for influence the development
What are two behavioral developmental theories
Pavlos classical conditioning
Skinners operant conditioning
Who developed the four stages of cognitive development
Jean Piaget
What are the four stages of cognitive development?
Sensorimotor stage
Preoperational stage
Concrete operational stage
Formal operational stage
Who developed a social, cultural cognitive theory
Vygotsky
What is sociocultural cognitive development theory?
Children actively construct their own knowledge, development does not occur in Stages, and emphasizes the roles of social interaction and culture
