Unit 1.2 - Further Waves Flashcards

1
Q

What is a critical angle of glass

A

42°

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2
Q

What is the critical angle of water

A

49°

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3
Q

What does TIR stand for

A

Total internal reflection

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4
Q

Refraction equation

A

Incident angle < Critical angle

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5
Q

Critical case equation

A

Incident angle = critical angle

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6
Q

Total internal reflection equation

A

Incident angle > critical angle

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7
Q

In the critical case, the wave passes ____________

A

Along the boundary

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8
Q

Two conditions for TIR

A

The light must be travelling from a more dense medium into a less dense medium
The angle of incidence must be greater than the critical angle

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9
Q

How to ensure T I are in optical fibre

A

Coat the fiber in cladding aids of a lower density

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10
Q

Collision point also known as

A

Focus

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11
Q

Epi - Latin

A

Surface

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12
Q

What is the inner core made of

A

Solid

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13
Q

What is the outer core made of

A

Liquid

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14
Q

Focus definition

A

Point from which the shockwaves emanate from, i.e. were tectonic plates collide

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15
Q

Epicentre definition

A

Point directly above the focus on the Earth’s surface

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16
Q

Where do you seismic waves start

A

At the focus

17
Q

Type of primary wave

A

Longitudinal

18
Q

Type of secondary wave

A

Transverse

19
Q

Properties of primary wave

A

Travels at 7 km/s
Can travel through liquids and solids

20
Q

Properties of secondary waves

A

Travels at 4 km/s
Can travel through solids only

21
Q

The secondary wave shadow zone begins at

A

103°

22
Q

Why is the secondary wave shadow zone occurred

A

Missed due to secondary waves not being able to go through liquid

23
Q

In between what two angles is the primary wave shadow zone

A

103°-140°

24
Q

Why is the primary wave shadow zone occurred

A

Missed due to refraction

25
Q

Primary waves have ____Damage because…

A

Less
They are longitudinal

26
Q

Secondary waves have ______ damage because …

A

More
They are transverse

27
Q

What happens to secondary waves when outer core reached

A

Waves slow down to a stop

28
Q

What happens to primary waves when inner core reached

A

Wave Velocity stays the same

29
Q

What happens to primary waves when outer core reached

A

Slows down almost to a stop paragraph yet carries on

30
Q

What happens to the speed of primary and secondary waves as the depth increases

A

Increases

31
Q

What happens to the speed when waves cross boundaries

A

Changes rapidly

32
Q

How to calculate time-lag

A

Start of secondary wave - Start of primary wave

33
Q

How to calculate distance from epicentre

A

|
|
|. /. /
|. /. I /
|. /. I /
I|. /. /
I|. /. /
|. V
—————————

34
Q

How many stations needed to find epicentre

A

Three