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Physics UNIT 1 > Unit 1.1 Features Of Waves > Flashcards

Unit 1.1 Features Of Waves Flashcards

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1
Q

Two types of waves

A

Longitudinal and transverse wave

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2
Q

Transverse wave

A

Has vibrations that are perpendicular to the direction of wave travel

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3
Q

Longitudinal wave

A

Has vibrations that go along the direction of wave travel

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4
Q

Transverse wave eg

A

Visible Light

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5
Q

Longitudinal wave eg

A

Sound

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6
Q

At rest

A

The resting point of wave

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7
Q

wavelength / cycle

A

Distance between 2 consecutive, similar points

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8
Q

What is the amplitude of the wave

A

Maximum displacement of a wave from the waves rest position

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9
Q

Frequency

A

The number of wavelengths / cycles passing a point every second

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10
Q

Measuring Unit of frequency

A

Hertz (Hz)

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11
Q

Wavespeed, wavelength, frequency triangle

A

V

λ. f

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12
Q

Speed , distance, time triangle

A

D

S. T

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13
Q

1MHz

A

1 000 000 Hz

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14
Q

Reflection

A

Angle of incidents = angle of reflection

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15
Q

Normal

A

Line perpendicular to barrier

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16
Q

Light slows down / velocity decreases

A

bends towards the normal

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17
Q

Light speeds up / velocity increases

A

Bends away from the normal

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18
Q

refraction

A

Light slows down in the denser medium and bends towards the normal, then in the less dense air it bends away from the normal

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19
Q

Light passes along the normal

A

Does not refract

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20
Q

What to remember when drawing waves that REFLECT

A

θi = θr

λi = λr

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21
Q

What to remember when drawing waves that REFRACT

A

λi > λr (water slows down in shallows)

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22
Q

Incident ray is ____ to the refracted/imergent ray

A

Parallel

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23
Q

1kHz

A

1000Hz

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24
Q

1mHz

A

0.001Hz

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25
Q

Frequency in shallow water waves and frequency in deep waves

A

The frequency is the same

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26
Q

Uses of radio waves

A

Telecommunication

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27
Q

Uses of microwaves

A

Satellite communication

28
Q

Uses of infra red waves

A

Thermal imaging

29
Q

Uses of visible light waves

A

Endoscopy

30
Q

Uses of ultra Violet waves

A

Check for counterfeit notes / substances may fluoresce by absorbing UV

31
Q

Uses of x rays

A

Airport security

32
Q

Uses of gamma rays

A

Kill tumors

33
Q

Name all ionising waves

A

UV
X-ray
Gamma

34
Q

Ionising waves, causes

A

High doses can kill living cells, lower doses can damage cells and cause cancer

35
Q

Ionising waves properties

A

Smaller wavelength
High frequency
High amount of energy

36
Q

Non ionising waves properties

A

Bigger wavelength
Lower frequency
Lower amount of energy

37
Q

Name all non ionising waves

A

Radio
Microwaves
Infrared
Visible light

38
Q

Alpha waves stop on…

A

Paper

39
Q

Beta waves stop on…

A

Aluminium

40
Q

Gamma waves stop on…

A

Lead

41
Q

Most ionising to least ionising

A

Alpha beta gamma

42
Q

Most penetrating to least penetrating

A

Gamma beta alpha

43
Q

Radio wavelength

A

(10 to the power of 3 )metres

44
Q

Microwaves wavelength

A

(10 to the power of -2) metres

45
Q

Infra red wavelength

A

(10 to the power of -4) metres

46
Q

Visible light wavelength

A

(10 to the power of -6) metres

47
Q

UV wavelength

A

(10 to the power of -8) metres

48
Q

X-ray wavelength

A

(10 to the power of -11) metres

49
Q

Gamma rays wavelength

A

(10 to the power of -15) metres

50
Q

Similarities geo synchronous and geo stationary

A

Both orbit earth once during the 24h it takes earth to complete one rotation

51
Q

Geostationary

A

Appears at the same point above earth at all times

52
Q

Geosynchronous

A

Appears at the same point above earth at specific times of the day once every 24h

53
Q

Data rates:
optical fibre
satellite

A

optical fibre : higher
satellite : lower

54
Q

Mobility:
optical fibre
satellite

A

optical fibre : not mobile
satellite : mobile

55
Q

Reliability :
optical fibre
satellite

A

optical fibre :higher
satellite: lower

56
Q

Delay:
optical fibre
satellite

A

optical fibre : none
satellite : some

57
Q

Interference:
optical fibre
satellite

A

optical fibre : no emi
satellite : high emi

58
Q

Cost:
optical fibre
satellite

A

optical fibre : lower
satellite : higher

59
Q

Installation:
optical fibre
satellite

A

optical fibre : urban/plains
satellite : remote/ mountains

60
Q

Amount of repeaters required:
optical fibre
Electrical cable

A

optical fibre : some
Electrical cable : high amount

61
Q

Speed of infrared

A

200 000 km/s

62
Q

Speed of microwave

A

300 000 km/s

63
Q

Electrical cables have ________ ________ due to _________ __________ than optical fibres, therefore they are ___________ to ______

A

More EMI
More repeaters/boosters
Easier
Bug

64
Q

Properties of electromagnetic waves

A

Transverse waves
Can travel through vacuum
All travel at 3x (10 to the power of 8) m/s

65
Q

What to remember when doing equations

A

Check units
Check whether is has to be multiplied

Physics UNIT 1 (4 decks)

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