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American Lit. > Unit 1.2 > Flashcards

Unit 1.2 Flashcards

1
Q

quench

A

(v.) satisfy a thirst

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2
Q

recompense

A

(n.) something given or done in return for something else; repayment

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3
Q

manifold

A

(adv.) in many ways

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4
Q

persevere

A

(v.) cont. despite hardship; persist

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5
Q

ought

A

(n.) anything whatever

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6
Q

persevere

A

in the 17th century, and thus rhymed w/ the word “ever”

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7
Q

affections

A

(n.) emotions

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8
Q

ordinances

A

(n.) sacraments or religious rites

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9
Q

judgment

A

(n.) power to form an opinion well; good sense

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10
Q

apparel

A

(n.) clothing

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11
Q

distaff

A

(n.) staff on which flax or wool is wound for use in spinning

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12
Q

flyers

A

(n.) part of a spinning wheel that twists fibers into yarm

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13
Q

quills

A

(n.) weaver’s spindles or bobbins

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14
Q

fulling miles

A

(n.) machines that shrink and thicken cloth to the texture of feit

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15
Q

pinked

A

(v.) decorated w/a performed pattern

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16
Q

constitution

A

(n.) physical makeup of a person

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17
Q

prudence

A

(n.) carefulness; caution

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18
Q

omnipotent

A

(adj.) all-powerful

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19
Q

mediator

A

(n.) one who reconciles opposing groups

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20
Q

induce

A

(v.) cause; bring about

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21
Q

out of Christ

A

not in God’s grace

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22
Q

stays

A

(v.) restrains

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23
Q

closets

A

(n.) small, private room for meditations

24
Q

ineffable

A

(n.) inexpressible

25
Q

dolorous

A

(adj.) sad; mournful

26
Q

the Lamb

A

Jesus

27
Q

Sodom

A

In the Bible, a city destroyed by fire b/c of the sinfulness of its people

28
Q

“Haste…consumed”

A

from Gen 19:17, the angels’ warning to Lot, the only virtuous man in Sodom, to flee the city before they destroy it

29
Q

Puritans valued

A

modesty, religious devotion, work, and duty over private emotions
- simple, dark clothes, spare furnishings, and literature

30
Q

What makes American literature American?

A

~ The details of private feelings

~ Those that refer to community/shared belief

31
Q

Puritan Plain Style

A

characterized by
- short words
- direct statements
- references to everyday objects and experiences
i.e. If ever two were one, then surely we,
If ever man were lov’d by wife, then thee.

32
Q

Why: Bradstreet’s style is less plain to modern readers

A

Outdated language

33
Q

syntax

A

arrangement of WORDS in sentences

i. e. “thee” instead of “you”
* Syntax also uses inversion

34
Q

inversion

A

the placing of sentence ELEMENTS out of normal position
WHY: rhythm and rhyme
i.e. “in love let’s so persevere” instead of “let’s so persevere in love”

35
Q

paraphrase

A

restate it in your own words

WHY: This is to help understand a poem’s “essential meaning”

36
Q

Anne Bradstreet (Text)

A

(1612-1672)
~ Husband: Simon
~ 1630: at age 18, she arrived MA Bay Colony
~ Raised 8 kids, suffered through many illnesses, and faced many hardships
~ She wrote for herself, not publication
~ 1650: John Woodbridge (brother-in-law) publicized her scholarly poem
- The Tenth Muse and By a Gentlewoman of Those Parts
- 1st poetry from USA
- About the right of woman to learn and express themselves
~ TMDaLH: more personal, expressing her feelings about the joys and difficulties of 24/7 Puritan life
- She also wrote about the giving birth and death of grandchild
~ Bradstreet’s poetry reflects the Puritan knowledge of the stories and language of the Bible (and the relationship of the Heavenly and Earthly lives)
~ 1956: “Homage to Mistress Bradstreet” by John Berryman (to honor Anne)

37
Q

Anne Bradstreet (Mrs. Cicchetti)

A

~ 1st American writers and 1st woman to find a place for individual feelings within the context of Puritanism

38
Q

Lyric Poems

A

~ brief poems that express the writer’s personal feelings and thoughts
~ they are melodic and focus on producing a single unified effect
*Through this, she expressed her feelings about her family and the difficulties of colonial life

39
Q

Heroic Couplets

A 
~ rhymed pairs of "iambic pentameter lines"
   - iamb: one unstreed syllable
~ often express a complete thought
*form, sound, message
REFER TO NOTES
40
Q

The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America: Greek Mythology

A

the original 9 Muses were goddesses (daughters of Zeus- the ruler of the gods)

  • Muses: the source of inspiration for all…
    • artists, poets, musicians, dancers, and philosophers
    • ea. Muse had a speciality
41
Q

The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America: 10th Muse

A

~ Plato referred to Sappo
~ Sappo: the noted lyric poet
~ Gifted, forward-thinking women writers
~ Sor Juana Ines de La Cruz

42
Q

The Tenth Muse Lately Sprung Up in America: Son Juana Ines de La Cruz

A

~ Mexican contemporary; noted poet and playwright
~ a fierce intellectual, and a woman of faith
~ was a nun in the Convent of the Order of St. Jerome
~ 1689: “The verflowing of the Castilian Spring, by the Tenth Muse of Mexico was published in Spain

43
Q

Upon the Burning of Our House

A 
~ no heroic couplet and lyric poem
~ vocab
~ How does her attitude shift
   - upset, not understanding but accepts, then she thanks Him for the necessity, she chides herself for being materialistic (b/c she forgot that it's all vanity and Heaven is the one)
~ Puritan Plain Style
   - Direct, simple, no rich imagery
44
Q

America:

A

working hard and being useful

- origin: Puritans

45
Q

metaphor

A

a figure of speech in which 2 very different subj. are shown to have a point of similiarity
- abstract idea vs. concrete image

46
Q

conceit

A

extended metaphor

  • a metaphor taken to its logical limit (very intellectual and complex; about making a person to be worthy of Heaven)
  • builds throughout the word
47
Q

Langauge o f poetry

A

rich and dense

48
Q

What is Huswifery about?

A

~ Spinning the raw wool into thread
~ Thread into fabric
~ Fabric into clothing

49
Q

Edward Taylor

A

(1642-1729)
~ a teacher in England (before immigranting to USA)
~ 1688: entered Harvard College as a sophmore
- 1671: graduated
~ After graduation, he was a minister and physician in Westfield, MA
- Boston - Westfield
~ Westfield, MA
- fierce battle between Native Americans and the colonists
- Effect: constant fear
~ Lost 8 children at infancy, wife died at young age, remarried and had 5/6 kids
~ Best of the North American colonial poets
~ Published only 2 stanzas b/c his poems were personal worship
- Puritans thought that poetry was for moral instruction only
~ 19th century descendants donated Taylor’s writings to Yale University
- 1930s: His poems were discovered
- 1939: THe Poetical Works of Edward Taylor was published

50
Q

Edward Taylor’s poetry uses…

A

~ extravagant comparisons
~ intellectual wit
~ subtle argument
*to explore religious faith and affection

51
Q

metaphor

A

broadly defined as a speech given form a pulpit in a hosue or worship
- conveys the speaker’s message or point of view

52
Q

oratory

A

~ formal public speaking
~ They are persuasive, inspiring listeners to take action
~ They address the needs and concerns of the audience
~ They appeal to the emtotions
~ They include expressive and rhythmic language

53
Q

achetypes

A

applies the ancient meaning to the new message

- images, patterns, characters, or stories form the Bible, myth, or classical literature

54
Q

Jonathon Edwards

A

Refer to notes

55
Q

Puritan beliefs

A

Refer to notes

American Lit. (10 decks)

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