unit 12

Question 1

State the uses of energy in living organisms

Answer 1

muscle contraction, protein synthesis,
cell division, active transport, growth, the
passage of nerve impulses and the maintenance
of a constant body temperature

Question 2

what is the effect of
temperature on respiration in yeast

Answer 2

as temperature increases, yeast respiration also increases. Around 35 degrees, the enzymes denature and the graph plummets down.

Question 3

what is aerobic respiration

Answer 3

the chemical
reactions in cells that use oxygen to break down
nutrient molecules to release energy

Question 3

State the word equation for aerobic respiration

Answer 3

glucose + oxygen → carbon dioxide + water

Question 4

State the balanced chemical equation for aerobic
respiration

Answer 4

C6H12O6 + 6O2 → 6CO2 + 6H2O

Question 5

what is anaerobic respiration

Answer 5

the chemical
reactions in cells that break down nutrient
molecules to release energy without using
oxygen

Question 6

which type of respiration releases more energy per glucose molecule?

Answer 6

Aerobic

Question 7

State the word equation for anaerobic respiration
in yeast

Answer 7

glucose → alcohol + carbon dioxide

Question 8

State the balanced chemical equation for
anaerobic respiration in yeast

Answer 8

C6H12O6 → 2C2H5OH + 2CO2

Question 9

State the word equation for anaerobic respiration
in muscles during vigorous exercise

Answer 9

glucose → lactic acid

Question 10

when and where does lactic acid build up?

Answer 10

lactic acid builds up in muscles and
blood during vigorous exercise causing an oxygen
debt

Question 11

How is the oxygen debt removed?

Answer 11

(a) continuation of fast heart rate to transport
lactic acid in the blood from the muscles to
the liver
(b) continuation of deeper and faster breathing
to supply oxygen for aerobic respiration of
lactic acid
(c) aerobic respiration of lactic acid in the liver