Unit 10 Personality Flashcards
An individuals characteristic pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
Personality
Method of exploring the unconscious in which the person relaxes and says whatever comes to mind
Free association
Freuds theory of personality that attributes thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts
Psychoanalysis
Reservoir of mostly unacceptable thoughts, wishes, feelings , and memories
Unconscious
Reservoir of unconscious psychic energy that strives to basic sexual and aggressive drives
id
Largely conscious
Ego
Part of personality that represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment
Superego
Childhood stages of development where the ids pleasure seeking energies focus on distinct erogenous zones
Psychosexual stages
A boys sexual desires toward his mother and feelings of jealousy and hatred for the rival father
Oedipus complex
Process by which children incorporate their parents values into there developing superegos
Identification
A lingering focus of pleasure seeking energies at an earlier psychosexual stage in which conflicts were unresolved
Fixation
In psychoanalytic the egos protective methods of reducing anxiety by unconsciously distorting reality
Defense mechanisms
In psychoanalytic theory the basic defense mechanism that banishes from consciousness anxiety arousing thoughts, feelings, and memories
Repression
Modern day approaches that view personality with focus on the unconscious and the importance of childhood experiences
Psychodynamic theories
Carl jungs concept of a shared, inherited reservoir of memory traces from our species history
Collective unconscious
Personality test
Projective test
Projective test in which people express their inner feelings and interests through the stories they make up about ambiguous scenes
TAT
Most widely used projective test a set of 10 ink blots, designed by Hermann Rorschach; seeks to identify people’s inner feelings by analyzing their interpretations of blots
Rorschach ink blot test
The tendency to overestimate the extent to which others share our beliefs and our behaviors
False consensus effect
A theory of death realated anxiety
Terror management theory
View personality with a focus on the potential for healthy personal growth
Humanistic theories
One of the ultimate psychological needs that arises after basic physical and psychological needs are met and self esteem is achieved
Self actualization
According to rogers an attitude of total acceptance toward another person
Unconditional positive regard
All our thoughts and feelings about ourselves in answer to the question who am I
Self - concept
A characteristic pattern behavior or a disposition to feel and act, as assessed by self-report inventories and peer reports
Trait
A questionnaire
Personality inventory
Most widely used researched and clinically used of all personality tests
MMPI
A test developed by testing a pool of items and then selecting those that discriminate between groups
Empirically derived test
Views behavior as influenced by the interaction between peoples traits and their social context
Social cognitive perspective
In personality theory this perspective focuses on the effects of learning on our personality development
Behavioral approach
The interacting influences of behavior, internal cognition, and environment
Reciprocal determinism
Scientific study of optimal human functioning
Positive psychology
In contemporary psychology assumed I be the center of personality, the organizer of our thoughts, feelings, and actions
Self
Overestimating others noticing and evaluating our appearance, performance, and blunders
Spotlight effect
Ones feelings of high or low self worth
Self-esteem
Ones sense of competence and effectiveness
Self-efficiency
A readiness to perceive oneself favorably
Self-serving bias
Excessive self-love and self-absorption
Narcissism
Giving priority to ones goals over group goals and defining ones identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identifications
Individualism
Giving priority to the goals of ones group and defining ones identity accordingly
Collectivism
