Unit 1 Vocabulary Flashcards
(25 cards)
Legislative session occurring every two years
biennial session
Grants-in-aids given to state and local governments for general functional areas, such as highways, prisons, and education
block grants
Grants-in-aids given to state and local governments on the condition that the funds be limited to specific programs or projects
categorical grants
Subset of Cooperative Federalism that has existed since the 1960s in which the United States government forces state and local governments to change their policies to meet goals defined by the United States government
coercive federalism
Powers that both the United States Government and state governments have, for example, the power to tax
concurrent powers
Type of federal system used since the New Deal in which the United States Government provides grants-in-aids to state and local governments
cooperative federalism
Policy to remove a program from one level of government by delegating it to a lower level of government, such as from the United States government to state governments
devolution
Powers of the United States Government
delegated powers
Type of federal system that existed before the New Deal Era in which the United States Government remained largely restricted to its expressed powers and financial assistance from the United States Government to the states was very limited
dual federalism
Powers of the United States Government written down in Article 1, Section 8, Clauses 1 through 17 of the United States Constitution
expressed powers
Constitutional clause in which contracts, marriages, divorces, adoptions, and other civil court decisions made in one state are recognized and enforced in all other states
Full Faith and Credit Clause
Programs through which United States Government provides money to state and local governments on the condition that the funds be used for purposes defined by the United States Government
grants-in-aid
Constitutional relationship between states
horizontal federalism
Assumed powers of the United States Government based on Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18 (also called the Necessary and Proper Clause or the Elastic Clause) of the United States Constitution
implied powers
Powers of the United States President based on Article 2, Section 3 (Take Care Clause) of the United States Constitution that are NOT written in the United States Constitution, but inferred by it
inherent powers
Constitutional clause in which states, with Congressional approval, may enter into a contract with each other
Interstate Compact Clause
Constitutional clause that requires states to return a criminal suspect back to the state where the crime was committed so that suspect may stand trial
Interstate Extradition Clause
Powers of the state governments to regulate the health, safety, welfare, and morals of its residents which includes such powers as the power to regulate health care, power to establish human services system, power to enact drinking laws, and power to enact family laws
police powers
Dominant political values and beliefs of a people
political culture
Constitutional Clause in which states may NOT discriminate against residents of other states
Privileges and Immunities Clause
Powers of the state governments to establish goods and services that benefit all of its residents such as the construction and maintenance of highways, parks, and schools
public goods
Powers of the state governments based on the Tenth Amendment of the United States Constitution
reserved powers
Constitution that contains many provisions that deal with specific policy issues
statutory constitution
Constitutional clause in Article IV of the United States Constitution which states that laws enacted by the United States Government and all treaties are the supreme law of the land and superior to all laws adopted by any state or any local government
Supremacy Clause
