Unit 1 Vocabulary

Question 1

Legislative session occurring every two years

Answer 1

biennial session

Question 2

Grants-in-aids given to state and local governments for general functional areas, such as highways, prisons, and education

Answer 2

block grants

Question 3

Grants-in-aids given to state and local governments on the condition that the funds be limited to specific programs or projects

Answer 3

categorical grants

Question 4

Subset of Cooperative Federalism that has existed since the 1960s in which the United States government forces state and local governments to change their policies to meet goals defined by the United States government

Answer 4

coercive federalism

Question 5

Powers that both the United States Government and state governments have, for example, the power to tax

Answer 5

concurrent powers

Question 6

Type of federal system used since the New Deal in which the United States Government provides grants-in-aids to state and local governments

Answer 6

cooperative federalism

Question 7

Policy to remove a program from one level of government by delegating it to a lower level of government, such as from the United States government to state governments

Answer 7

devolution

Question 8

Powers of the United States Government

Answer 8

delegated powers

Question 9

Type of federal system that existed before the New Deal Era in which the United States Government remained largely restricted to its expressed powers and financial assistance from the United States Government to the states was very limited

Answer 9

dual federalism

Question 10

Powers of the United States Government written down in Article 1, Section 8, Clauses 1 through 17 of the United States Constitution

Answer 10

expressed powers

Question 11

Constitutional clause in which contracts, marriages, divorces, adoptions, and other civil court decisions made in one state are recognized and enforced in all other states

Answer 11

Full Faith and Credit Clause

Question 12

Programs through which United States Government provides money to state and local governments on the condition that the funds be used for purposes defined by the United States Government

Answer 12

grants-in-aid

Question 13

Constitutional relationship between states

Answer 13

horizontal federalism

Question 14

Assumed powers of the United States Government based on Article 1, Section 8, Clause 18 (also called the Necessary and Proper Clause or the Elastic Clause) of the United States Constitution

Answer 14

implied powers

Question 15

Powers of the United States President based on Article 2, Section 3 (Take Care Clause) of the United States Constitution that are NOT written in the United States Constitution, but inferred by it

Answer 15

inherent powers

Question 16

Constitutional clause in which states, with Congressional approval, may enter into a contract with each other

Answer 16

Interstate Compact Clause

Question 17

Constitutional clause that requires states to return a criminal suspect back to the state where the crime was committed so that suspect may stand trial

Answer 17

Interstate Extradition Clause

Question 18

Powers of the state governments to regulate the health, safety, welfare, and morals of its residents which includes such powers as the power to regulate health care, power to establish human services system, power to enact drinking laws, and power to enact family laws

Answer 18

police powers

Question 19

Dominant political values and beliefs of a people

Answer 19

political culture

Question 20

Constitutional Clause in which states may NOT discriminate against residents of other states

Answer 20

Privileges and Immunities Clause

Question 21

Powers of the state governments to establish goods and services that benefit all of its residents such as the construction and maintenance of highways, parks, and schools

Answer 21

public goods

Question 22

Powers of the state governments based on the Tenth Amendment of the United States Constitution

Answer 22

reserved powers

Question 23

Constitution that contains many provisions that deal with specific policy issues

Answer 23

statutory constitution

Question 24

Constitutional clause in Article IV of the United States Constitution which states that laws enacted by the United States Government and all treaties are the supreme law of the land and superior to all laws adopted by any state or any local government

Answer 24

Supremacy Clause

Question 25

Conditions for receiving grants-in-aid from the United States government that impose costs on state and local governments for which they are not reimbursed by the United States government

Answer 25

unfunded mandates