Unit 1 Vocab Flashcards
Crusades
Christians vs Muslims
-Christians brought spice so indirect cause for new world
conquistadors
Spanish explorers in New World
God, Glory, Gold
-Hernando Cortés sent men to Mexico
(brought smallpox, raped -> mixed same face)
Queen Elizabeth I
- raised economy and made England a great power
Sea dogs & Francis Drake
- english pirates
- Francis Drake goes to Peru, raids it at night, travels around the world to not get caught, gives to Queen, gets knighted
Spanish Armada
- Philip II
- mad at Queen Elizabeth for telling people it’s okay to steal
- Sent people to England channel but loses because of a storm and sea dogs
- 1588 (England becomes a world power after this)
John smith & John Rolf
John Smith: “thou that does not work does not eat” Jamestown 1607 Brought colony to survival (first successful english colony)
John Rolf: Saved Jamestown from economic down fall by bringing tobacco
House of Burgesses
1619
- the first meeting of an elected legislature
- white wealthy make landowners had political voice
- expansion of democracy
Indentured servants and yeomen
-had to work 4-7 years -treated worse than slaves -indentured servants children were free
yeomen = poor farmer
Mayflower Compact
-still loyal to England vote (white rich people)
-Puritans want you to go to religious school; show no emotion
-first plan of government
– Gave us public education free
John Winthrop and “mark the city upon a hill”
– Leader of Puritans
-John gave a speech
– In the speech he wanted wanted the city to be seen as a city upon a hill; be looked up by sinner
-Massachusetts
Roger Williams and Anne Hutchinson
– Williams was expelled from Massachusetts by Puritans because he questioned
– founder of road island
-religious freedom for English colonies but you had to believe in Christ
-Jews yes Muslims no
-“freedom of conscience”
-adultery woman cannot wear red
-Hutcherson believe that God talks to everyone the same (like she was the same level of the elites) also was a woman
-killed by Indians
-both were Puritan “Pilgrims”
Pequot wars and Metacomet
- English Mohegan, Narragansett Indians versus Pequots
- 1634-38
- Pequots helped Indian survive the harsh winter later Indians killed them all
- Pequots lose, others want control for fur trade
- Metacomet (killed in) 1675 sold his family to slavery west Indians
New England confederation
- Massachusetts Bay, Plymouth, Connecticut, New Haven
- 1643
- unite when a threat comes
Dominion of New England
-1686
– James II the king of new England connected the six colonies but colonies didn’t like it (wanted to remain independent)
-Charles II wanted more control over Massachusetts and made his separate royal colony
– Massachusetts – Rhode Island -New H – Connecticut
Head right system
- 1618
- an effort to recruit new settlers and workers to the colony anyone who paid = an additional head right
- Virginia and Maryland and use it the most
- want people = offer land
Bacon Rebellion
W – Virginia
W – bacon (ex indentured servant) verses berckles (government)
W - Native American
O - land
Showed the uneasiness of the competition between Eastern and Western land owners
Result = common interest in preventing social unrest from the former indentured
triangular trade and middle passage
13 colonies -> W Africa -> West Indies
Rum -> Slaves -> Slaves, sugar molasses
W Africa -> W indies = middle passage (the boats and the hard knock life)
Hatters and slave codes
- space human owned
- limits right of blacks in law and ensuring almost all absolute authority to the white
Old Satan Deluder Act
- 1647
- hire teachers to read the bible out loud to them
- countries with over 100 families build a school and learn grammar
Increase and cotton Mather (old lights)
Grandfather: John
Father: Increase
Son: Cotton
Whatever they said, went
Increase: Salem witch trials
Cotton: supported witch trials. scientists used hybridization experiments and inoculation for disease prevention
Enlightenment
- 1800s
- Age of reason started to make books
- emphasized individualism
- reason (forger religion)
- started in Central Europe
Great awakening
- 1730’s - 1740’s
- George Whitefield and Jonathan Edwards - convinced people to go back to church
- Religious revival
- people were a bonding church because of the new light
George Whitefield and Jonathan Edward (new lights)
Whitefield- Gave a speech influenced Benjamin Franklin
Edwards- “sinners in the hand of an angry god”
Poor Richards Almanac
Book by Benjamin Franklin
(father of pragmatism)((practical))
written under the pseudonym of Richard Saunders
“an apple a day keeps the doctor away”
John Peter Zenger
W- 1736
W- NYC
W- Zenger (press) vs Governor of New York (gov’t)
W- “freedom of press”
(innocent)
Timbuktu
- Trading center
- West Africa
- Progressive
- Place foundation for Islam learning, education
