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ap world :( > unit 1 vocab > Flashcards

unit 1 vocab Flashcards

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AP® World History flashcards
1
Q

champa rice

A

fast ripening, drought-resistant strain of rice from the Champa kingdom (present day Vietnam) greatly expanded production in China

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2
Q

proto-indstrialization

A

set of economic changes where people in rural areas made more goods than they could sell

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3
Q

artisans

A

skilled craftworkers

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4
Q

scholar gentry

A

Chinese social class educated in Confucian philosophy, became the most influential social class in China

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5
Q

filial piety

A

the duty of family members to subordinate their desires to the male family head and the ruler

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6
Q

grand canal

A

inexpensive and efficient internal waterway transportation system that extended over 30,000 miles. expansion of the canal allowed China, under the Song dynasty, to become the most popular trading area in the world

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7
Q

Song Dynasty

A

Dynasty that ruled China from the 10th-13th centuries and was leading example of diversity & innovation in Afro-Eurasia and the Americas during the 13th century

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8
Q

imperial bureaucracy

A

vast organization that appointed officials to carry out the empire’s policies

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9
Q

meritocracy

A

bureaucratic system in which officials obtained positions by demonstrating merit on exams

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10
Q

woodblock printing

A

allowed the Chinese to print things like scriptures & books with woodblocks

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11
Q

foot binding

A

the practice of wrapping young girls’ feet so tightly that the bones grew unnaturally; signified social status

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12
Q

Buddhism

A

religion originating in India that traveled to China via the Silk Road. Focused on the 4 Noble Truths and the Eight-fold Path

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13
Q

Theraveda Buddhism

A

branch of Buddhism focused on personal spiritual growth through silent meditation and self discipline. Strongest in Southeast Asia

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14
Q

Mahayana Buddhism

A

focused on spiritual growth for all beings and on service. Strongest in China and Korea

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15
Q

Tibetan Buddhism

A

focused on chanting. Strongest in Tibet

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16
Q

Syncretic

A

fused, combined

17
Q

Chan/Zen Buddhism

A

fused religion between Buddhism & Chinese Daoism. Focused on direst experience/meditation rather than formal learning

18
Q

Neo-Confucianism

A

syncretic system that evolved in China and combined rational thought with beliefs from Daoism and Buddhism

19
Q

Heian period

A

period where Japanese culture emulated Chinese culture

20
Q

nuclear families

A

family of wife, husband, and kids (no extended family) living together

21
Q

polygyny

A

practice of having multiple wives, concept rejected by Vietnam

22
Q

Mamluk Sultanate

A

empire formed after Mamluks, enslaves people in Egypt, overtook the government

23
Q

Seljuk Turks

A

group that started conquering the Middle East in the 11th century, extending power as far as West China

24
Q

Sultan

A

Seljuk leader’s title

25
Q

Mongols

A

4th group to attack the Abbasid Empire, from Central Asia

26
Q

Abbasid Caliphate

A

new state led by Arabs and Persians

27
Q

Mamluks

A

enslaved people purchased by Arabs

28
Q

Muhammad

A

Arab leader, founder of Islam

29
Q

Crusaders

A

group of soldiers organized by European Christians to reopen access in Jerusalem

30
Q

Sufis

A

People of the religion Sufism, focused on introspection to grasp truths they believed couldn’t be understood through learning

31
Q

House of Wisdom

A

renowned center of learning in Baghdad

32
Q

Baghdad

A

place many goods and ideas travelled through; also home to the center of learning. lost wealth and population once trade route shifted north

33
Q

Nasir al-Din al-Tusi

A

one of the most celebrated Islamic scholars, contributing to astronomy, law, logic, ethics, mathematics, philosophy, and medicine

ap world :( (5 decks)

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