UNIT 1 TEST VOCAB

Question 1

Energy Levels

Answer 1

Positions around the nucleus where electrons are arranged

Question 2

Principal Quantum Number

Answer 2

Number that corresponds to how far the first electron to be liberated is from the nucleus - defines the number of subshells

Question 3

Electron configuration

Answer 3

Arrangement of electrons by subshell

Question 4

Ionization energy

Answer 4

The energy needed to remove one mol of electrons from one mol of a gaseous element (outermost electron)

Question 5

Successive ionization energy

Answer 5

Sequence of ionization energies to remove electrons at different subshells from the atom in order

Question 6

Shielding

Answer 6

Full inner shells of electrons repel valence electrons slightly, creating a dampening effect

Question 7

Subshells

Answer 7

Sublevels distinguished by s, p, d, f

Question 8

Atomic orbitals

Answer 8

Regions of space around the nucleus that may or may not contain electrons at any given time

Question 9

Spin pair repulsion

Answer 9

Electrons with similar spin repel each other

Question 10

Intermolecular forces

Answer 10

Forces occurring in bonds inside of a molecule (covalent bond forces)

Question 11

Ionic bond

Answer 11

Created when strong force of attraction between positive and negative ions pulls them together

Question 12

Electrovalent bond

Answer 12

Another term for a positive-negative charge bond

Question 13

Dot-cross diagrams

Answer 13

Diagrams that display how electrons are shared in bonds

Question 14

Lone pairs

Answer 14

Pairs of outer shell electrons that are not used in bonds

Question 15

Covalent bond

Answer 15

A bond in which both components give an electron or electrons to fill each other’s valence shell

Question 16

Coordinate bond (dative covalent bond)

Answer 16

When one atom provides both electrons needed for a covalent bond. One atom must have a lone pair and the other must have an empty subshell to accept them

Question 17

Bond energy

Answer 17

The amount of energy needed to split a molecule into its components

Question 18

Delocalized electron

Answer 18

An electron that is not involved in any compound or bond. Typically found in metallic bonds in which every bond in the lattice sheds a delocalized electron, causing repulsion in all directions

Question 19

Mobile electron

Answer 19

An electron that actively moves in a bond

Question 20

Electronegativity

Answer 20

The ability of an atom bonded to another to attract the bond pair of electrons to itself

Question 21

Nonpolar

Answer 21

Electrons are shared equally

Question 22

Polar

Answer 22

Electrons are shared unequally

Question 23

Van der Waals’ Forces

Answer 23

Weakest intermolecular force. Electron cloud can shift instantaneously to be on one side of the molecule than the other

Question 24

Permanent dipole dipole forces

Answer 24

Attractive forces between two molecules with permanent dipoles (permanent molecules)