Unit 1 Terms Flashcards
Primary Source
Direct evidence from the past , created in the past by people who participated in events.
Secondary Source
Recreations of the past created by historians and other scholars. (Which is based on PS)
Usable Past
Using the past to create an identity in the present. (Our Origin Story)
George Bancroft (Historian)
First Historian of the USA. He wrote the first US History Novel. Started writing it in the 1830s. Which started from Christopher Columbus.)
Manifest Destiny
Americans have the god-given right to go to the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans.
The New Immigration 1870-1920
A whole bunch of people coming to America. (20 million people come over which are people from new places)
-Discrimination and Hostility
-New religions which leads to Anti-Catholisim… not good to democracy.
Knights of Columbus (1882)
Social & Charity events. Helped catholic immigrants coming into America.
Leif Erikson (1887)
Wealthy people had commissioned this Boston Statues that was against Catholicism. They wanted history to start with Leif Erickson.
Christopher Colombus Day
-1934
-Becomes a national Holiday… “diversity”
-A symbol for Italian-American Pride
Indigenous Peoples Day
A day to commemorate what was lost. To show recognition of the destruction of Christopher Columbus.
Portugal
A leader named Prince Henry (mid 1400s), wants Portugal to sail to China and India.
Prince Henry the Navigator
Finding ways to improve sailing technology. New technology invented for traveling. He was a main investor to the traveling.
Christopher Colombus
-Lived from 1451 to 1506.
-Was born in the Italian city Genoa. Very religious and wants to become famous wealthy.
-Reconstruction of the map by Paolo dal Pozzo 1474.
-Spain says “yes” to his first Voyage
Ferdinand & Isabella (King and Queen of Spain)
When they got married they created Spain (East +Castile=Spain)
-Wanted to spread Catholicism.
-Their goal was to build a wealthy and powerful Spain.
-Passed a law that forced everyone to be Catholic
Gulf Stream
Currents that pushed sailors South. Columbus learned how to beat the Gulf Streams overall.
-Takes 10 weeks from Portuguese to the Caribbean
-On Colombu’s first voyage he had 3 ships.
Christopher Colombus 4 Voyages
-1492: 1st Voyage (3 ships & saw new people)
-1493: 2nd Voyage (17 ships & 1,500 men) (Took control of land, which leads him to be governor and nobles men) (New Spain: gets 10% of gold)
1498: 3rd voyage
1502: 4th voyage (the last one)
Taino Arawak
Indians that had been enslaved by Christopher Columbus
Forced to bring him gold
Encomienda System
Spanish soldiers from 3rd & 4th voyage would be given land to enslave the people on there land and would be there source of income (mining, farming, and etc.)
Colombus still gets 10% of everything
Did not allow Taino to convert to Christianity because it would grant them freedom
Bartolomé de las Casas
He was a soldier but had experienced the real Columbus tactics which had traumatized him.
He became a priest and had attempted to do reforms
Black Legend
The British, French, and Europeans had said it was just criticism from Bartolome de las casa. But now we know it wasn’t a legend…
Aztec-Tenochtitlan
Spanish colonials (Mexico Empire) Had one of the largest cities in the world (Mexico City-Tenochtitlan) They were a huge society that had been conquering other Mexican cities.
Columbium Exchange
An exchange/trading of different items between the new world and the old world
Old World to New World
Animals: Horses, Cattles, pigs, sheep, goats, and chickens.
Plants: Rice, Wheats, barely, oats, coffee, melons, grapes, daisies, bananas, dandelions, and bluegrass.
Disease: Smallpox, typhus, diphtheria, bubonic plague, malaria, cholera, yellow fever, and leprosy.
New World to Old World
Animals: Turkeys, llamas, guinea pigs, and Alpacas
Plants: Maize, potatoes, squash, green beans, kidney beans, peppers, tomatoes, pineapples, avocados, chocolate, peanuts, other fruits.
Disease: Syphillis
