Unit 1 Study Guide Flashcards
(27 cards)
Ecology
Study of two different aspects
1-Interaction between organisms
2-How the environment affects the organisms
Abiotic
Non living
Biotic
Living
Homeostasis
ability of organisms to react/adjust to internal/external changes in the environment.
Sustainability
to be maintained at a certain rate or level.
Renewable resources
resources recycle through the system they are considered renewable
Non-renewable resources
resources that do not cycle through the earths ecosystem and will eventually be depleted.
Industrialization
lead to the use of more fossil fuels , natural resources and generation of more waste.
Developing nations
Most countries in Africa , Asia , and Latin America
Developed nations
United States, Canada , Japan , European Union, Australia
Ecological Footprint
theoretical area of land and water needed to produce the resources a person or population uses - plus the amount of land needed to dispose of their waste
Tragedy of the commons
Theory developed by Garrett Hardin in 1968 -
Commons meant public pasture shared by everyone.
and with unregulated use it will deplete the resources - which leads to the tragedy of individuals who take advantage of the resource
Privatization
grants ownership or user rights to private citizens.
Regulation
develop governmental regulations to oversee the management of the resources.
Self-management
groups who use the resources - for example fisherman will form cooperatives to regulate fishing within their self-designated territories.
Anthropocentric
human centered world view. (anthro means human)
- ignores notion that other organisms have rights
- costs and benefits are measured solely on the impact on humans
- if something doesn’t provide benefit to the people then its negligible value.
Biocentric
worldview ascribes a value to living things and to the earth in general.
believe human and non human life have value
Ecocetric
considers well being of the species , ecological communities/ ecosystems over the welfare of a given individual
-preserving larger systems will in turn preserve their individual components.
preservation ethic
proposition to protect the environment in its pristine unaltered state.
conservation ethic
proposition that people should put natural resources to use but be responsible about it.
land ethic
Aldo Leopold (1887-1949) forester, wildlife manager, and eventual professor - humans should view themselves and the land of members of the same community and people are obligated to treat the land in an ethical manner.
Scientific method
technique used in science to test an idea or hypothesis.
- making observations or collecting facts
- formulating a hypothesis
- testing/experimentation
- results
- theory
Hypothesis
tentative explanation of our observations. its not a fact , because the fact is constant, it’s always correct.
it needs to be tested to determine its validity.
-can be proven wrong.
Fact
an easily verifiable piece of information
-ex, color of the sky / your weight on the given day.