Unit 1 Study Guide

Question 1

Ecology

Answer 1

Study of two different aspects
1-Interaction between organisms
2-How the environment affects the organisms

Question 2

Abiotic

Answer 2

Non living

Question 3

Biotic

Answer 3

Living

Question 4

Homeostasis

Answer 4

ability of organisms to react/adjust to internal/external changes in the environment.

Question 5

Sustainability

Answer 5

to be maintained at a certain rate or level.

Question 6

Renewable resources

Answer 6

resources recycle through the system they are considered renewable

Question 7

Non-renewable resources

Answer 7

resources that do not cycle through the earths ecosystem and will eventually be depleted.

Question 8

Industrialization

Answer 8

lead to the use of more fossil fuels , natural resources and generation of more waste.

Question 9

Developing nations

Answer 9

Most countries in Africa , Asia , and Latin America

Question 10

Developed nations

Answer 10

United States, Canada , Japan , European Union, Australia

Question 11

Ecological Footprint

Answer 11

theoretical area of land and water needed to produce the resources a person or population uses - plus the amount of land needed to dispose of their waste

Question 12

Tragedy of the commons

Answer 12

Theory developed by Garrett Hardin in 1968 -
Commons meant public pasture shared by everyone.
and with unregulated use it will deplete the resources - which leads to the tragedy of individuals who take advantage of the resource

Question 13

Privatization

Answer 13

grants ownership or user rights to private citizens.

Question 14

Regulation

Answer 14

develop governmental regulations to oversee the management of the resources.

Question 15

Self-management

Answer 15

groups who use the resources - for example fisherman will form cooperatives to regulate fishing within their self-designated territories.

Question 16

Anthropocentric

Answer 16

human centered world view. (anthro means human)

• ignores notion that other organisms have rights
• costs and benefits are measured solely on the impact on humans
• if something doesn’t provide benefit to the people then its negligible value.

Question 17

Biocentric

Answer 17

worldview ascribes a value to living things and to the earth in general.
believe human and non human life have value

Question 18

Ecocetric

Answer 18

considers well being of the species , ecological communities/ ecosystems over the welfare of a given individual
-preserving larger systems will in turn preserve their individual components.

Question 19

preservation ethic

Answer 19

proposition to protect the environment in its pristine unaltered state.

Question 20

conservation ethic

Answer 20

proposition that people should put natural resources to use but be responsible about it.

Question 21

land ethic

Answer 21

Aldo Leopold (1887-1949) forester, wildlife manager, and eventual professor - humans should view themselves and the land of members of the same community and people are obligated to treat the land in an ethical manner.

Question 22

Scientific method

Answer 22

technique used in science to test an idea or hypothesis.

• making observations or collecting facts
• formulating a hypothesis
• testing/experimentation
• results
• theory

Question 23

Hypothesis

Answer 23

tentative explanation of our observations. its not a fact , because the fact is constant, it’s always correct.
it needs to be tested to determine its validity.
-can be proven wrong.

Question 24

Fact

Answer 24

an easily verifiable piece of information

-ex, color of the sky / your weight on the given day.

Question 25

Observation

Answer 25

collecting a series of facts before you make a hypothesis

Question 26

Scientific Theory

Answer 26

repeatedly tested and verified in accordance with the scientific method.

Question 27

Scientific law

Answer 27

description of an observed phenomenon , doesn’t explain why the phenomenon exists or what causes it.