Unit 1: Review Flashcards
CNS parts
Brain
Cord
PNS parts
Cranial nerves (12 pair) Spinal nerves (31 pair)
cranial nerve types with nuclei of origin
motor
mixed
cranial nerve types with nucleus of termination
sensory
spinal nerves are attached to the spinal cord via
ventral & dorsal ROOTLETS
what is contained in the dorsal root of a spinal nerve
dorsal root ganglion
each spinal nerve splits into
ventral & dorsal primary rami
functional subdivisions of the nervous system
somatic autonomic (visceral)
two nerve types found in somatic NS
sensory (afferent)
motor (efferent)
two divisions of autonomic NS
sympathetic
parasympathetic
describe the TWO efferent neurons used to reach the target in the sympathetic division of the ANS
preganglionic: SHORT, rel. ACH
postganglionic: LONG, rel. NE
which splanchnic nerves are found in the sympathetic NS
sacral
describe the TWO efferent neurons used to reach target in parasympathetic division of ANS
preganglionic: LONG, rel ACH
postganglionic: SHORT, rel ACH
which splanchnic nerves are found in the parasympathetic NS
pelvic
in the sympathetic division, neurons synapse close to the ____, where in the parasympathetic division they synapse close to the ____
CNS
target
CN I (name & type)
olfactory
special sensory
CN II
optic
special sensory
CN III
oculomotor
motor
-parasympathetic & somatic
CN IV
trochlear
somatic motor
-superior oblique
CN V
trigeminal
mixed
-somatic motor & sensory
-muscles of mastication
great sensory nerve of face, is the largest
trigeminal
CN VI
abducens
somatic motor
lateral rectus
CN VII
facial
mixed
-motor: somatic, parasympathetic
-sensory: somatic, special
facial nerve (CN VII) carries taste info from where
anterior 2/3 of tongue
facial expression muscles (2) supplied by facial nerve, and 2 glands
stylohyoid
stapedius
lacrimal gland
salivary gland
CN VIII
vestibulocochlear
special sensory
-cochlea & vestibule
-hearing & equilibrium
CN IX
glossopharyngeal
mixed
-motor: somatic & parasympathetic
-sensory: somatic & special
taste info carried by glossopharyngeal nerve is from where
posterior 1/3 of the tongue
CN X
vagus mixed -motor: somatic & *parasympathetic* -sensory: somatic -longest CN
CN XI
accessory
motor
-cranial part: pharynx, larynx, palate
-spinal part: traps, SCM
CN XII
hypoglossal
motor
-ex/intrinsic tongue muscles
two neurons involved in somatic motor pathway
upper motor neuron
lower motor neuron
UMN that initiates voluntary movement
pyramidal
location of pyramidal cell body
cerebral cortex
UMN that works to coordinate movement, but does not initiate
extrapyramidal
location of extrapyramidal cell body
brainstem
after crossing in the pyramids, where do most UMN descend
lateral corticospinal tract
location that UMN synapse in gray matter
anterior horn (rexed lamina VII)
LMN pathways extend into ___
PNS
before being carried to supply somatic muscles, LMN exit the cord via
anterior rootlets
describe the three neuron somatic sensory pathway (from receptor to cortex)
1) receptor-> CNS
2) CNS-> opposite thalamus
3) thalamus-> cortex
PRIMARY sensory neuron CB are located in ___ & convey info from a receptor to ____
dorsal root ganglion
CNS
SECONDARY sensory neurons ___ & convey info to the ____
decussate (cross over)
thalamus (on opposite side)
TERTIARY sensory neurons relay info to ____, in order to integrate sensory info
cerebral cortex
