Unit 1: Resistance Training Concepts Flashcards
Obesity
The condition of being considerably overweight, and refers to a person with a body mass index of 30 or greater, or who is at least 30 pounds over the recommended weight for their height
Muscle Imbalance
Alteration of muscle length surrounding a joint
Overweight
Refers to a person with a body mass index of 25 to 29.9, or who is between 25 to 30 pounds over the recommended weight for their height
Blood Lipids
Also known as cholesterol and triglycerides, blood lipids are carried in the bloodstream by protein molecules known as high-density lipoproteins (HDL) and low-density lipoproteins (LDL)
Diabetes Mellitus
Chronic metabolic disorder caused by insulin deficiency, which impairs carbohydrate usage and enhances usage of fats and proteins
Deconditioned
A state of lost physical fitness, which may include muscle imbalances, decreased flexibility, and a lack of core and joint stability
Proprioception
The cumulative sensory input to the central nervous system from all mechanireceptors that sense body position and limb movement
Proprioceptively Enriched Enviroment
An unstable (yet controllable) physical situation in which exercises are performed that causes the body to use its internal balance and stabilization mechanisms
Phases of Training
Smaller divisions of training progressions that fall within the three building blocks of training
Muscular Endurance
A muscle’s ability to contract for an extended period
Neuromuscular Efficiency
The ability of the neuromuscular system to enable all muscles to efficiently work together in all planes of motion
Prime Mover
The muscle that acts as the initial and main source of motive power
Superset
Set of two exercises that are performed back-to-back, without any rest time between them
Rate of Force Production
Ability of muscles to exert maximal force output in a minimal amount of time
General Adaption Syndrome
A term used to describe how the body responds and adapts to stress
Alarm Reaction
The alarm reaction is the initial reaction to a stressor
Delayed-onset Muscle Soreness
Pain or discomfort often felt 24 to 72 hours after intense exercise or unaccustomed physical activity
Resistance Development
The body increases its functional capacity to adapt to the stressor
Exhaustion
Prolonged stress or stress that is intolerable and will produce exhaustion or distress to the system
Periodization
Division of a training program into smaller, progressive stages
Principle of Specificity or Specific Adaption to Imposed Demands (SAID principle)
Principle that states the body will adapt to the specific demands that are placed on it
Mechanical Specificity
Refers to the weight and movements placed on the body
Neuromuscular Specificity
Refers to the speed of contraction and exercise selection
Metabolic Specificity
Refers to the energy demand placed on the body
Muscular Endurance
The ability to produce and maintain force production for prolonged periods of time
Muscular Hypertrophy
Enlargement of skeletal muscle fibers in response to overcoming force from high volumes of tension
Strength
The ability of the neuromuscular system to produce internal tension to overcome an external load
Power
Ability of the neuromuscular system to produce the greatest force in the shortest time
Vertical Loading
Alternating body parts trained from set to set, starting from the upper extremity and moving to the lower extremity
Horizontal Loading
Performing all sets of an exercise or body part before moving on to the next exercise or body part
