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AP Human Geography > Unit 1 - Reading 2 > Flashcards

Unit 1 - Reading 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

Spatial Approach

A

the phenomena being studied across the surface of the earth

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2
Q

Place

A

specific human and physical characteristics of a location

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3
Q

Location

A

identifies where specific places are on the grid system

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4
Q

Space

A

the area between two or more phenomena of things

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5
Q

Region

A

group of places in the same area that share a characteristic

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6
Q

Site

A

characteristics at the immediate location

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7
Q

Situation

A

location of a place relative to its surroundings

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8
Q

Sense of Place

A

the way different people have different perspectives of a place

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9
Q

Toponyms

A

insights to locations (history, culture, etc.)

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10
Q

Time-Space Compression

A

shrinking of distance between locations from transportation

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11
Q

Spatial Interaction

A

contact, movement, and flow of things between locations

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12
Q

Flow

A

patterns and movement of ideas, people, products, etc.

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13
Q

Friction of Distance

A

when things are farther apart, they tend to be less connected

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14
Q

Distance Decay

A

inverse relation between distance and connection

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15
Q

Spatial Assosiaction

A

indicates that two or more things may be related/associated with each other

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16
Q

Human-Environmental Interaction

A

relationship between humans and the natural world

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17
Q

Natural Recource

A

items that occur in the natural environment (air, water, oil, fish, etc.)

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18
Q

Renewable Natural Recources

A

unlimited until proven otherwise by people

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19
Q

Non-Renewable Recources

A

rare materials that are more difficult to find and produce

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20
Q

Sustainability

A

using recourses in was to make them still available in the future

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21
Q

Land Use

A

how land is utilized, modified, and organized by people

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22
Q

Build Environment

A

physical things humans have build that form parts of landscape

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23
Q

Cultural Landscape

A

anything build by humans in the realm of land use

24
Q

Cultural Ecology

A

the study of how humans adapt to their environment

25
Q

Environmental Determinism

A

believing the earth itself is changing people, not culture

26
Q

Environmental Possiblism

A

believing culture is changing people, no the earth itself

27
Q

False Conclusion

A

inaccurate generalizations not supported by data

28
Q

Formal Regions

A

united by traits (political, physical, cultural, and ecenomical)

29
Q

Functional Regions

A

united by networks (communication, transportation, and interaction)

30
Q

Perceptible Regions

A

informal sense of place that people ascribe

31
Q

Subregions

A

regions divided into smaller areas, and is distinctive

32
Q

Analyzing the Stimulus

A

A graphic stimulus, such as a map, chart, graph, or photograph

33
Q

Four-Level Analysis Spatial Framework

A

Comprehension, Identification, Explanation, Prediction

34
Q

Data Driven Models (formulas and graphs)

A

Mathematical formulas to help understand how the world works, often function like models

35
Q

Reference Map

A

designed for people to refer to for general information about places

36
Q

Political Maps

A

show and label human-created boundaries and designations (countries, states, cities, and capitals)

37
Q

Physical Maps

A

show and label natural features (mountains, rivers, and deserts)`

38
Q

Road Maps

A

show and label highways, streets, and alleys

39
Q

Plat Maps

A

show and label property lines and details of land ownership

40
Q

Mercator Projection

A

Purpose: Navigation
Strengths: Direction, lines of latitude and longitude
Distortion: Distance between lines of latitude and longitude appears constant, land masses near the poles appear large

41
Q

Peters Projection

A

Purpose: Spatial Distributions related to area
Strengths: Sizes of land masses are accurate
Distortion: Shapes are inaccurate, especially near poles

42
Q

Conic Projection

A

Purpose: General use in midlatitude countries
Strengths: Lines of longitude converge, lines of latitude curved, size, and shape
Distortion: Direction isn’t constant, longitude lines coverage at only one pole on world maps

43
Q

Robinson Projection

A

Purpose: General Use
Strengths: No major distortion, oval shape appears more like a globe than a rectangle
Distortion: Area, shape, size, and direction are all slightly distorted

44
Q

Spatial Data

A

all of the information that can be tied to specific locations

45
Q

Remote Sensing

A

gathers information from satellites that orbit the earth or other craft that are above the atmosphere

46
Q

Aerial Photography

A

professional images captured from planes within the atmosphere, creating observation data

47
Q

Fieldwork

A

observing and recording information on location, or in the field

48
Q

Landscape Analysis

A

defining and describing landscapes

49
Q

Field Observation

A

the act of physically visiting a location, place, or region and recording firsthand information there

50
Q

Geo-visualizations

A

allows people to zoom in or out to see the data in ways that were previously impossible

51
Q

Global Positioning System (GPS)

A
  • locates borders precisely
  • navigating ships, aircraft, and cars
  • mapping lines or points
52
Q

Remote Sensing

A
  • determining land cover and use
  • monitoring environmental changes
  • assessing spread of spatial phenomena
  • monitoring the weather
53
Q

Geographical Information System (GIS)

A
  • analyzing crime data
  • monitoring the effects of pollution
  • analyzing transportation/travel time
  • planning urban area
54
Q

Smartphone and Computer Applications

A
  • suggesting restaurants, stores, or best routes to users
  • contact tracing related to tracking diseased or exposer to chemicals
  • mapping of photos from geotags
55
Q

Community-Based Solution

A

increase the likelihood of success because they create buy-in from local residents and are more likely to be culturally accepted

56
Q

Aggregation

A

organized data into different scales such as census tract, city, county, or country

AP Human Geography (3 decks)

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