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Speech and Lang Dev > Unit 1 Quizzam > Flashcards

Unit 1 Quizzam Flashcards

1
Q

Comm

A

Process of sharing info, occurring in many forms
-How to
-“To make common”

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2
Q

Comm: Receiving Forms

A

Auditory, visual, and tactile

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3
Q

Comm: Sending Forms

A

Verbal, graphical, gestural

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4
Q

Communication needs…

A

2 people
-Sender formulates and transmits
-Receiver receives and comprehends
-Shared symbolic means btwn the 2 people

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5
Q

Sender Purpose pt 1

A

Instrumental - Asking for something

Regulatory - Directing others

Interactional - SOC conversation

PERS - Emotional, maybe phys, info

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6
Q

Sender Purpose pt 2

A

Heuristic - Ask Qs / Find info

Imaginative - Roleplaying

Informative - Organized info relay

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7
Q

Receiver Feedback

A

Linguistic - Verbal acknowledgement / reply

Nonlinguistic - Bodily response (eye contact, nod, ect)

Paralinguistic - HOW respond via pitch, volume, and pauses
-Para - With
-Can be problem for those who don’t understand SOC cues

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8
Q

Comm Disorder

A

Impairment in ability to receive, comprehend, or send V, NV, or graphic messages
-Any speech, lang, COG, voice, resonance, or hearing impairment

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9
Q

Lang

A

Complex, dynamic (always changing) system of conventional (useful) symbols used for thought and comm
-Comprehend/use of spoken, written, or symbol system

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10
Q

Code

A

Translate one info type into another
-Arbitrary relationship btwn word and referent
-Organization isn’t random, but governed by rules

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11
Q

COG processes using Lang

A

-Reasoning
-Hypothesizing
-Memorizing
-Planning
-PS

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12
Q

Lang as COG tool

A

Helps dev picture of world. Neural response to use of Lang as part of mind
-Expressive - Lang output/sent
-Receptive - Lang comprehension

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13
Q

Lang and Communities

A

-Lang is cultural and SOC evolution
-Lang community - Group using a common lang
*Emerge b/c Geo, SOC, and Econ reasons

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14
Q

Speech Production

A

Neuromuscular process turning lang into sound signals transmitted to receiver
-Involves respiration, phonation, resonation, and articulation

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14
Q

Respiration, phonation, resonation, and articulation defined

A

Respiration - Breathing / air causing vocal cord vibration

Phonation - Sound production

Resonation - How air flows through mouth & nose

Articulation - Production of speech sound w/ lips, teeth, ovular ridge, and tongue

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15
Q

Basic Speech Production Model

A

1) Mental, abstract rep of speech stream
-M rep of spch

2) Motor schema dev & organized into syllables
-Schema into syllables

3) Speech output requiring airflow, vocal fold vibration, and fine oral cavity movement
-Spch output via mouth mechanisms

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16
Q

Lang Domains

A

Form, Content, and Use

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17
Q

Form

A

How words, sentences, and sound are organized to convey content
-Phonology, Morphology, and Syntax

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18
Q

Content

A

Words used and their meaning
-Semantics

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19
Q

Use

A

How well and how others functionally draw on lang to meet needs
-Pragmatics

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20
Q

Five Domains of Lang

A

Phonology (form)
Morphology (form)
Syntax (form)
Semantics (content)
Pragmatics (use)

21
Q

Phonology

A

Rules and organization of sound
-The study of sound
-Involves phonemes, phonotactics, and min. pair

22
Q

Morphology

A

INT organization of words
-Grammatical Morphemes -
Word endings plural, possessive, past-tense, ect.
-Adds specificity to lang, expanding vocab w/ small # of words

23
Q

Phoneme

A

Smallest unit of sound w/ meaning
-39 in English lang
-Distinguishes one word from another
-Allophone - Subtle phoneme variations b/c context

24
Q

Phonotactics

A

Lang has rules, governing sound organization in words
-Min. pair - Words differing by one sound/phoneme (mat VS mats)

25
Q

Syntax

A

Gov. INT organization of sentences
-Where adjectives go in spoken and written English VS Spanish

26
Q

Semantics

A

Gov. meaning of single words & word combos
-Word meaning, how many meanings, literal or figurative, ect.

27
Q

Pragmatics

A

Gov. lang for SOC purposes
-Using lang for different intentions/functions
-Organized lang for discourse
-Know what, when, and how to say something

28
Q

Phonological Dev

A

W/ dev., we acquire rules gov. the sound structure of syllables and words
-Phonological rep, know, and production

29
Q

Phonological Representation

A

Neuro/COG imprint distinguishing phonemes by
-Production
-Manner of production
-Voicing

30
Q

Phonological Knowledge

A

Acquisition of INT rep of sounds/phonemes

31
Q

Phonological production

A

Expression of phonemes/sounds to make syllables and words

32
Q

Phonemic Inventory

A

Sounds understood, expanding w/ age
-Sounds arising in predictable sequence
*Vowels dev before consonants
*Early consonants are H frequency and easy to see on face
*Later dev. are L visible

33
Q

Factors influencing phoneme dev

A

Frequency

of words used w/ phonemes

Articulatory complexity - Difficulty to say w/ mouth

34
Q

Phonological Awareness

A

Ability to attend and manipulate phonological spch units
-Most important bridge btwn lang and reading

35
Q

Phonological Awareness Tasks

A

Syllable Counting
-Syllable - Vowel w/ phoneme?
Rhyme Detection
-Usually precedes rhyme production
Initial Sound ID
Initial Sound Elision
Phoneme Counting

36
Q

Phonics

A

Teaches relationship btwn letters and sound

37
Q

Phonological Patterns

A

Rule of phonemes in a lang simplified
-Stopping - Making long sounds short
-Fronting - Sounds that should be made in back are made in front
-Final consonant deletion - Deletion of final sound of word
-Liquid gliding - Replace liquids w/ glides
*w = glide, l/r = liquid

Have no known cause, can shut down comm

38
Q

Morphology

A

Changing a word’s shape
-Morpheme
-Must carry meaning

39
Q

Morpheme

A

Smallest unit of grammar w/ meaning, can be
-whole word, chair
-Part of word, chairs
-Single phoneme, “I want a”

40
Q

Free VS Bound Morphemes

A

Free - stand alone, ex gecko

Bound - Attached to free morphemes, ex geckos
-Grammatical and derivational

41
Q

Grammatical VS Derivational morphemes

A

Grammatical is added to root word
-Plural(s)
-Past tense(‘ed, re-, ‘ing, ‘s)
-Possessive(‘s)

Derivational - Added to root word to change grammatical classification
-EX, friend = noun, friendly = adjective, befriend = verb
-Derives a different class of sound

42
Q

Morphological Dev

A

Mean Length of utterance - AVG # of morphemes one can speak
- total # of morphemes / # of consecutive utterances

43
Q

Syntax

A

INT lang of gov word organization

44
Q

Learning from input

A

Children’s use of syntax depends on exposure
1) Sentence length
2) Sentence type

45
Q

Syntactic Dev

A

Declarative, negative, and interrogative

46
Q

Declarative Syntax

A

Making a sentence that is a statement
-“I see a horse!” ~3y
-Can link simple sentences

47
Q

Negative Syntax

A

Sentences expressing negation & relying on:
No, can’t, don’t, won’t
-Age 4 is more adult like

48
Q

Interrogative Syntax

A

Q sentence
Early: what, where, why?
Preschool: Who, whose, when, which, and how

Can involve Y/N

49
Q
A

Speech and Lang Dev (4 decks)

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