UNIT 1: POPULATION Flashcards
Describe what does the development gap mean
The difference between the developed world and the developing world
What are the factors affecting distribution of population
- Land relief—> flat land is more favored than mountanous areas
- Climate—> not too extreme
- Places with good communications
- Coastal areas for trade—> not landlocked areas
What are the caterogories of rapid economic growth:
- BRICS—> Brazil, Russia India and China
- MINT—> Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey
- OIL rich countries—> Saudi Arabia and Libya
What is natural increase?
When the birth rates exceed death rates.
Factors affecting total fertility rate
- Statius of women—> low status women have few access to sex education—> more children compared to high status women.
- Education level: more education= fewer children. Poorer countries have higher fertility rates as they use children for work and take care of elderly.
- Religion—> some conservative religions are against contraceptives while in HIC people are more liberal (pro-abortion)
- Health of mother—> some mother that have lost their child (common in poor countries due to a lack of healthcare), birth more to compensate their losses.
Why do women have a higher life expectancy than men
- Men are likely to take part in physical and intensive labor
- Biological reasons
- Men are more likely to drink and smoke than women.
What do the age and sex pyramids tell us
- Wider base—> higher birth rate
- Narrrow base—> lower birth rates ]
- Concave sides—> high death rates
- Straight sides—> low death rate
How do you calculate the dependency ratio
Pop of ages less than 15 =population of more than 64 (dependents) | population aged 14-64 x 100
What are the advantages and disadvantages of having an aging pop
ADV:
- lower crime rates
- volunteers for society
- experience may value for workforce
DVD:
- more investment in healthcare
- pressure on young dependents
-less taxes for government
Describe the demographic transition model
Stage 1–> high births and high deaths
Stage 2–> high births but fall in death rates
Stage 3–> low death and births start to decline
Stage 4–>very low births and low death rates
Define forced migration
- Migration that occurs because of war, religious persecution famine or natural disasters
What are the types of forced migration:
- Conflict induced displacement—> due to war
- Development induced displacement—> due to infrastructure projects
- Disaster-induced displacement—> due to natural disasters
What are the types of forced migrants
- Refugees—> hiding due to persecution
- Asylum seekers-> left to protect themselves
Internally displaced—> forced to leave home - environmentally displaced—> due to disasters in enviorment
- Trafficked people—-> illegal movement for exploitation
What are some anti trafficking policies:
- PROTECTION: protecting foreign victims and non-migrants
- PROSECUTION—> forced labor =sexual exploitation
3.PREVENTION—> public awareness regarding safety and policies
Which are the populations at risk of being trafficked?
- Refugees+ Migrants: They are easily prosecuted
- LGBTQ: more vulnerable and many people criminalize same sex relationships
- people with disabilities—> easily targeted, easy to kidnap
- Children—> easy target
