Unit 1 Part 1

Question 1

Scientific Attitude

Answer 1

1. Curiosity
2. Skepticism
3. Humility

Question 2

Critical Thinking

Answer 2

Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions, rather it examines assumptions, appraises the source, discerns hidden biases, and assesses conclusions

Question 3

Structuralism

Answer 3

An early school of psychology that focused on analyzing the basic elements of conscious experience.

Question 4

PsychoPhysics

Answer 4

The study of the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they evoke.

Question 5

Introspection

Answer 5

The process of looking inward in an attempt to directly observe one’s own psychological process

Question 6

Functionalism

Answer 6

A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function and enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish.

Question 7

Psychoanalysis

Answer 7

A theory of personality and therapeutic technique that attributes our thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts.

Question 8

Behaviorism
(Originally and how its changed)

Answer 8

Originally, the view that psychology should be an objective science without reference to mental processes. It has evolved to focus on observable behaviors.

Question 9

Humanism

Answer 9

A perspective that emphasizes the study of the whole person and the uniqueness of each individual.

Question 10

Defenition of Psychology

Answer 10

The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.

Question 11

Cognitive Psychology

Answer 11

The scientific study of mental processes, including perception, thought, memory, and reasoning.

Question 12

Nature-Nuture Issue

Answer 12

This debate explores the extent to which genetic factors (nature) and environmental influences (nurture) shape human traits and behaviors. Contemporary psychology recognizes the interplay between genetics and environment in shaping individual differences.

Question 13

Evolutionary Perspective

Answer 13

The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection.

Question 14

Positive Psychology

Answer 14

A branch of psychology that focuses on the study and promotion of positive human functioning and well-being.

Question 15

Biopsychosocial Approach

Answer 15

An integrated approach that considers biological, psychological, and social-cultural factors in explaining behavior and mental processes.

Question 16

Social-Cultural Psychology

Answer 16

The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking.

Question 17

Testing effect

Answer 17

Enhanced memory after retrieving information, rather than simply rereading it.

Question 18

Distributive practice

Answer 18

Spacing the study of material to be remembered by including breaks between study periods.

Question 19

SQR3

Answer 19

A study method involving Survey, Question, Read, Retrieve, and Review.

Question 20

Industrial/Orginizational Psychology

Answer 20

The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.

Question 21

Counseling Versus Psychiatry

Answer 21

Counseling focuses on helping people cope with challenges and crises, while psychiatry involves the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses through medication.

Question 22

Community Psychology

Answer 22

The study of how individuals relate to their communities and the reciprocal impact of communities on individuals.

Question 23

Developmental Psychology

Answer 23

The scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span.

Question 24

Experimental Psychology

Answer 24

The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method.

Question 25

Psychometrics and Quantitative Psychology

Answer 25

Psychometrics involves the measurement of psychological traits, while quantitative psychology focuses on developing statistical methods for analyzing data.

Question 26

Social Psychology

Answer 26

The scientific study of how people think, feel, and behave in social situations.

Question 27

Forensic Psychology

Answer 27

The application of psychology to the legal and criminal justice system.

Question 28

Environmental Psychology

Answer 28

The study of the relationship between people and their physical environment.

Question 29

Health Psychology

Answer 29

The study of psychological and behavioral factors that influence health and illness.

Question 30

Neuropsychology

Answer 30

The study of how brain and behavior are linked.

Question 31

Sports Psychology

Answer 31

he study of psychological factors that influence sports performance.

Question 32

Community Psychology

Answer 32

The study of how individuals relate to their communities and the reciprocal impact of communities on individuals.

Question 33

Science of Psychology changing overtime

Answer 33

structuralism, functionalism, behaviorism, humanism, biopsychosocial, contemporary