Unit 1 Part 1 Flashcards
Scientific Attitude
- Curiosity
- Skepticism
- Humility
Critical Thinking
Thinking that does not blindly accept arguments and conclusions, rather it examines assumptions, appraises the source, discerns hidden biases, and assesses conclusions
Structuralism
An early school of psychology that focused on analyzing the basic elements of conscious experience.
PsychoPhysics
The study of the relationship between physical stimuli and the sensations and perceptions they evoke.
Introspection
The process of looking inward in an attempt to directly observe one’s own psychological process
Functionalism
A school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes function and enable the organism to adapt, survive, and flourish.
Psychoanalysis
A theory of personality and therapeutic technique that attributes our thoughts and actions to unconscious motives and conflicts.
Behaviorism
(Originally and how its changed)
Originally, the view that psychology should be an objective science without reference to mental processes. It has evolved to focus on observable behaviors.
Humanism
A perspective that emphasizes the study of the whole person and the uniqueness of each individual.
Defenition of Psychology
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes.
Cognitive Psychology
The scientific study of mental processes, including perception, thought, memory, and reasoning.
Nature-Nuture Issue
This debate explores the extent to which genetic factors (nature) and environmental influences (nurture) shape human traits and behaviors. Contemporary psychology recognizes the interplay between genetics and environment in shaping individual differences.
Evolutionary Perspective
The study of the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection.
Positive Psychology
A branch of psychology that focuses on the study and promotion of positive human functioning and well-being.
Biopsychosocial Approach
An integrated approach that considers biological, psychological, and social-cultural factors in explaining behavior and mental processes.
Social-Cultural Psychology
The study of how situations and cultures affect our behavior and thinking.
Testing effect
Enhanced memory after retrieving information, rather than simply rereading it.
Distributive practice
Spacing the study of material to be remembered by including breaks between study periods.
SQR3
A study method involving Survey, Question, Read, Retrieve, and Review.
Industrial/Orginizational Psychology
The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.
Counseling Versus Psychiatry
Counseling focuses on helping people cope with challenges and crises, while psychiatry involves the diagnosis and treatment of mental illnesses through medication.
Community Psychology
The study of how individuals relate to their communities and the reciprocal impact of communities on individuals.
Developmental Psychology
The scientific study of physical, cognitive, and social change throughout the life span.
Experimental Psychology
The study of behavior and thinking using the experimental method.
