unit 1 oas 2

Question 1

define life expectancy

Answer 1

is an indication of how long a person can expect to live if the current death rates stay the same.

Question 2

WHO definition of health

Answer 2

‘a state of complete physical, mental and social wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity’ (WHO,1946)

Question 3

Physical health and an example

Answer 3

physical health relates to the efficient functioning of the body and its systems, and includes the physical capacity to perform tasks and physical fitness (VCAA)
an example of physical health is increasing body weight in a 13 year old girl as she is growing taller and increasing in body fats.

Question 4

Social health and an example

Answer 4

social health is being able to interact with others and participate in the community in both an independent and cooperative way
an example of social health is being apart of a group or team and having relationships with family members and different friendship networks

Question 5

Mental health and an example

Answer 5

mental health is a ‘state of wellbeing in which the individual realises his or her own abilities, can cope with the normal stresses of life, can work productively and fruitfully, and is able to make contribution to his or her community’ (WHO, 2009)
an example of mental health is an individuals levels of stress, thought patterns and confidence and self esteem,

Question 6

Mortality

Answer 6

Mortality refers to deaths in a population. The mortality rate is therefore an indication of how many deaths occurred in a population in a given period of time for a specific cause/ all causes.

Question 7

Morbidity

Answer 7

Morbidity refers to ill-health — including disease, injury and disability — in an individual, and the level of ill-health in a population.

Question 8

DALY’s

Answer 8

a measure of burden of disease. One DALY equals one year of healthy life lost due to premature death and time lived with illness, disease or injury (VCAA).

Question 9

YLL’s

Answer 9

-a measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death

Question 10

YLD’s

Answer 10

• a measure of how many ‘healthy’ years of life are lost due to illness, injury or disability
• is a measure of the impact of morbidity on a group or population.

Question 11

Prevalence

Answer 11

Prevalence refers to the total number of cases of a condition at a given time

Question 12

Incidence

Answer 12

Incidence refers to the number of new cases of a condition in a given period of time (usually 12 months)

Question 13

Burden of disease

Answer 13

-a measure of the impact of diseases and injuries; specifically it measures the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old age free of disease and disability. Burden of disease is measured in a unit called the DALY (VCAA).

Question 14

give an example of YLL

Answer 14

if a 14-year-old female dies in a car crash, and life expectancy for females that age is 84, then 70 years have been added to the YLLs for injuries.

Question 15

give an example of YLD

Answer 15

if a 5 year old girl was diagnosed with asthma and the average age of women is 84 years then her yld’s would be 79 years lost due to disability

Question 16

are YLL’s generally denominated by males or females?

Answer 16

males

more risk taking

Question 17

what does DALY stand for?

Answer 17

disability adjusted life year

Question 18

what does YLL stand for?

Answer 18

years of life lost

Question 19

what does YLD stand for?

Answer 19

years of life lost due to disability

Question 20

limitations of the WHO definition of health

Answer 20

broad definition of health
it doesn’t give everyone the opportunity to be healthy
trying to achieve ‘complete’ wellbeing in even one dimension is difficult
good health is unattainable for most people

Question 21

why do Australian youths have the lowest death rates and what are the causes of mortality for youth?

Answer 21

injury- suicide, road traffic
cancers
diseases of nervous system

clean water
sanitation
medical facilties
safe foods
haven't been exposed to alcohol, smoking, high salt diet (longterm affects)

Question 22

whats the difference between incidence and prevalence

Answer 22

incidence is the number of new cases of a condition in a given period of time while Prevalence refers to the total number of cases of a condition at a given time

Question 23

interrelationships between health and individual human development

Answer 23

physical dev
early puberty
how does it affect pms
physical health- body weight- need to make sure she maintained a healthy body weight to have positive physical health
mental- low self esteem- embarrassed
social- looks older so has friendships with older friends
uncomfortable so doesn’t want to interact with friendship

Question 24

trend

Answer 24

A trend is a general movement or pattern. Trend data is valuable because it tells us what has been happening to the data over a period of time.
a change in data

Question 25

are YLD’s generally denominated by males or females?

Answer 25

females
seek medical advice
report their problems to a doctor

Question 26

health indicators

Answer 26

are ways of measuring health status

• self-assessed health status
• life expectancy
• mortality
• morbidity
• burden of disease

Question 27

Leading causes of morbidity among youth in Aus

Answer 27

Mental disorders
Injuries
Chronic respiratory disease

Question 28

Leading causes of mortality among youth in Aus

Answer 28

Injuries and poisoning
Cancers
Disease of the nervous system