Unit 1 Module 1 - Newton's Law and Momentum Flashcards

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1
Q

What is Newton’s first law?

A

Newton’s first law states that a force is necessary to change the state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line of a body

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2
Q

When must a resultant force act on you?

A

To change direction, go from stationary to having motion and to speed up or slow down

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3
Q

When you are moving with constant velocity, is there a restultant force?

A

No

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4
Q

Why do you feel heavier in a lift when it is going up?

A

The lift is accelerating so the force exerted on your feet is greater than your weight

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5
Q

Why do you feel lighter in a lift when it is going down?

A

The force from the lift to the feet is less than your weight

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6
Q

What is Newton’s second law of motion?

A

The rate of change of the momentum of an object is directly proportional to the resultant force acting upon it

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7
Q

What is the equation demonstrating the second law of motion?

A

change in momentum/ time interval is directly proportional to force

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8
Q

How is the second law of motion derived from the F=ma equation?

A

F=ma
F=m x (v-u)/t
F=(mv-mu)/t

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9
Q

What is one newton?

A

One newton is the force that fives a mass of 1kg an acceleration of one metre per second each second

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10
Q

How is the k constant in the kF proportional ma found?

A

The definition of one newton gives the constant a number of 1

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11
Q

What is mass?

A

The inertia of an object, or how difficult it is to accelerate the object

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12
Q

What is weight?

A

The gravitational force the Earth exerts on an object

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13
Q

What is Newton’s third law?

A

When a body A exerts a force on body B, then body B exerts on body A a force that is equal, oppsite in direction and of the same type. This means that the reaction force must be a gravitational force if the original force was a gravitational force

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14
Q

What is the conservation of momentum originated from?

A

Newton’s third law - if the forces in a collision are equal and opposite then the loss of momentum in one object is equal to the gain in momentum of the other object.

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15
Q

What is the principle of conservation of momentum?

A

In any direction, in the absence of external forces, the total momentum of a system remains constant.

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16
Q

What is impulse?

A

It is defined by the expression force x change in time. It equals the change in momentum of a body. It is equal to the area beneath a force-time graph

17
Q

What is an perfectly elastic collision?

A

One where no momentum or kinetic energy is lost. These are soundless collisions.

18
Q

What is an inelastic collision?

A

Momentum is conserved, but kinetic energy is lost. The energy is transferred into sound of heating energy.

19
Q

What is a perfectly inelastic collision?

A

After a collison the two objects are stuck together

20
Q

What does the term ‘superelastic’ mean?

A

There is more energy after a collision than before it, this means that energy is supplied into the collision