Unit 1 Mix and Flow of Matter

Question 1

viscosity

Answer 1

The viscosity of a fluid is a measure of its resistance to deformation at a given rate. For liquids, it corresponds to the informal concept of “thickness”: for example, the syrup has a higher viscosity than water.

Question 2

flow rate

Answer 2

In physics and engineering, in particular fluid dynamics, the volumetric flow rate is the volume of fluid that passes per unit time another unit used is standard cubic centimetres per minute. In hydrometry, it is known as discharge.

Question 3

density

Answer 3

The density, of a substance, is its mass per unit volume. The symbol most often used for density is ρ, although the Latin letter D can also be used. Mathematically, density is defined as mass divided by volume

Question 4

mass

Answer 4

the amount of matter in a substance; often measured with

a balance.

Question 5

volume

Answer 5

the measurement of the amount of space occupied by a

substance; measured in litres or cubic units such as cubic centimetres.

Question 6

Weight

Answer 6

the force of gravity exerted on a mass.

Question 7

Force

Answer 7

a push or pull, or anything that causes a change in the motion of an object.

Question 8

Gravity

Answer 8

The force that bushes Nikyra, Quentin down

Question 9

Buoyancy

Answer 9

In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid.

Question 10

Buoyant Force

Answer 10

In a column of fluid, pressure increases with depth as a result of the weight of the overlying fluid.

Question 11

Floating

Answer 11

buoyant or suspended in water or air.

Question 12

Average density

Answer 12

The average density of an object equals its total mass divided by its total volume. An object made from a comparatively dense material (such as iron) will have less volume than an object of equal mass made from some less dense substance (such as water).

Question 13

Neutral buoyancy

Answer 13

Neutral buoyancy occurs when an object’s average density is equal to the density of the fluid in which it is immersed, resulting in the buoyant force balancing the force of gravity that would otherwise cause the object to sink or rise. An object that has neutral buoyancy will neither sink nor rise.

Question 14

Archimedes’ principle

Answer 14

Archimedes’ principle is a law of physics fundamental to fluid mechanics. It was formulated by Archimedes of Syracuse.

Question 15

hydrometer

Answer 15

Hydrometers can be divided into two general classes: liquids heavier than water and liquids lighter than water.