unit 1- intro to pharm Flashcards
understand topics and explain them
pharmacology
the study of how drugs interact with living things.
pharmacognosy
the study of the natural origins of drugs
toxicology
the dose that makes a drug toxic to the system
in the early beginnings of pharm what was most commonly used?
herbal medications
now what are the 4 main sources of drugs?
animals, plants, minerals, and synthetics
drug
a substance that illicits a biological response when giving to a living organism.
the origin of some drugs determine the proper storage of the drug..t/f
true, ex: synthetic insulin must be refrigerated before use
how is a naturally sourced drug made?
- obtain the natural source
- crude drug prep
- pure drug compound made
- pharmacological prep
what is the crude drug prep?
the drug is obtained from the natural source and is made from drying and grinding animal tissue or plant. Then a solvent to extract the natural source ( ex: hot water).
what is a pure drug?
a compound isolate from the natural source or made in the lab.
what is Pharm prep?
when the drug is intended to give to a pt
what are the different types of names that can be given to a drug?
- Chemical–> formula
- generic-
- trade name
what does a chemical drug name tell you and provide an example.
provides you with the chemical formula for the drug ex: NaCHCO3
what is does the generic name for a drug mean? example?
generic name is the non proprietary name and is the drug name that is used by HCP. Acetaminophen
what is the trade name for a drug mean? example?
the proprietary “brand name” of a drug ex Tylenol
what are the different categories of drugs?
prescription, non-prescription, and controlled substances
what are prescription drugs and how are they regulated?
drugs that have a higher potential for harmful use. Regulated by a healthcare professional
What are non-prescription drugs?
Drugs that the FDA decided to be relatively safe and are sold over the counter. dose not require supervision
What are controlled drugs and how are they regulated?
Drugs that have the highest likelihood of misuse and dependency. Given out by HCP, regulated by Controlled drugs and substances act ( CDSA) and Narcotic control act.
what do the CDSA and NCA control?
import, production, export, distribution, possession, and availability in the illicit market
who regulates the CDSA and what does the CDSA do?
Drug Strategy control substances Program ( dscsp)
- decideds what drugs need prescriptions and develops a schedules for where and how they can be sold
What is NAPRA and what does it do?
National association of pharmacy regulatory authorities. decided drug schedules, the need for rx, supervison of practitioners, and the
uncertainty drugs harm to living organisms,
What are the different routes for administration?
Enteral or parenteral routes
what is the enteral route?
oral or rectal routes or buccal/sublingual ( could be parenteral).
drugs undergo first pass at the liver
