Unit 1 ( Intro To NT) Flashcards
Historical empires and the effect on the Israelite’s.
Greek empire: trade language changed throughout the east
Babylonian empire: Jewish temple was destroyed and Jews were dispersed
Roman Empire: issued census in the known world
Persian empire: Jews returned to their homelands and rebuilt
Which empire was ruling at the end of the OT?
The Persian empire
Which empire took over after the last empire at the end of the OT?
The Greek empire
Who was the leader of the Greek empire?
Alexander the Great
Prominent leaders during the last 2 empires and what their known for.
Antiochus IV, a Seleucid king: desecrated/ violated the Jewish temple
Matthias: Jewish priest who claimed the temple and faith
Maccabean: a group of Jews who revolted against the desecration of the temple
Pompey: Roman general who divided Syria into 3 territories
Julius Caesar: known as the ruler of the world
Herod the Great: was sent from Rome to recapture Israel for Rome
What were the Jews waiting for leading up to New Testament times?
- Restoration of Israel
2. In gathering of the nations
The Roman saw Caesar Augustus several key points that spoke of their values and religion. Name 2 different things he was referred to at the time of his birth and reign.
He was referred to as the “son of God” and “saviour”
What language is the OT written in?
Hebrew
What is the Septuagint?
The translation of the OT from Hebrew to Greek.
Why was the Septuagint written?
For Ptolemy’s library, he wanted a copy of every book in it. Also Ptolemy couldn’t read Hebrew, so he had his men write the OT in Greek.
When was the NT written?
In the 1st century
What language was the NT written in?
Greek
How books are in the NT?
27
What are the first four books called?
Gospels
What is the history book in the NT?
Acts
Give 2 names of the books that are letters
Jude and James
Types of people within the Jewish community and characteristics.
Pharisees: proud traditional Jews who strictly kept the law of Moses and traditions
Sadducees: strict interpreters of the law but not the traditions
Scribes: a profession that copied and interpreted sacred writings
Levites: descendants from a specific tribe who were religious leaders
Zealots: a Jewish revolutionary group opposing Roman rule
Sanhedrin: a council of 71 Jewish sages who acted as Supreme Court
Publicans: local Jewish men employed by Romans to collect taxes
Define the ethnic groups:
Jews: descendants of Abraham, dating back to 2000bc
Romans: rulers over Rome in the beginning of the NT
Samaritans: people that were part Jew and part gentile, they lived in Samaria
Gentiles: other nationalities, besides Jewish and Samaritans
There were 2 disciples that would have caused much conflict. Which people and what groups did they belong to?
Simon: a zealot
Matthew: a publican/ tax collector
