Unit 1 - Intro, Classification, Pharmacokinetics, Pharmacodynamics

Question 1

What are the 3 names a medication will have?

Answer 1

Chemical, generic, brand/trade

Question 2

What is a chemical name and what are they used for?

Answer 2

Chemical structure, used for scientific studies

Question 3

What is a generic name and who is it used by?

Answer 3

shortened chemical name, used by health professionals

Question 4

Who are drug brand names used by and provide 2 examples?

Answer 4

Given by pharmaceutical companies

Tylenol, Gravol

Question 5

Define pharmacodynamics

Answer 5

What the drug does to the body

Question 6

Define pharmacokinetics

Answer 6

What the body does to the drug

Question 7

Define pharmacology

Answer 7

the study of drugs

Question 8

Define drug classification systems

Answer 8

Effect (classified by effect produced), receptor (classified by receptor used by drug), precursor (classified by what molecules the drug is derived from)

Question 9

What are the various systems for drug nomenclature (generic names)?

Answer 9

USAN, INN, BAN

Question 10

What method of generic name drug nomenclature does Canada commonly use?

Answer 10

INN, however USAN is sometimes used.

Question 11

What is toxicology?

Answer 11

undesirable effects of chemicals on biologic systems

Question 12

What are the systems in pharmacokinetics?

Answer 12

Movement of drugs in body, absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination

Question 13

What are the systems in pharmacodynamics?

Answer 13

Receptors, receptor sites, insert binding sites

Question 14

What is involved in drug development and regulation?

Answer 14

Safety and efficacy, animal testing, clinical trials, patents and generic drugs

Question 15

What are the 2 main types of adrenoreceptors?

Answer 15

Alpha and beta with subtypes a1, a2, b1, and b2

Question 16

What is the function of agonists?

Answer 16

stimulates

Question 17

What is the function of antagonists?

Answer 17

Inhibits or blocks

Question 18

What are intrinsic sympathomimetics?

Answer 18

group of beta blockers able to stimulate beta-adrenergic receptors and oppose stimulating effects of catecholamines

Question 19

What are catecholamines?

Answer 19

released into the blood in response to physical or emotional stress (eg. dopamine, epinephrine, norepinephrine)

Question 20

What is Ritodrine?

Answer 20

Adrenergic beta-agonist used to control premature labour

Question 21

What is Metoprolol?

Answer 21

Selective beta-1 blocker/antagonist
Used for the treatment of angina, heart failure, myocardial infarction, atrial fibrillation, atrial flutter, and hypertension

Question 22

Define chronotropic?

Answer 22

Changes heart rate

Question 23

What is inotropic?

Answer 23

Changes force or speed of contraction of muscles (typically heart)

Question 24

What is cyclooxygenase (COX)?

Answer 24

rate-limiting enzyme involved in the conversion of arachidonic acid to prostaglandin H2

PG H2 is a precursor for PGs, prostacyclin, and thromboxanes

Question 25

What is an isoform?

Answer 25

any of two or more functionally similar proteins that have a similar but not identical amino acid sequence and are either encoded by different genes or by RNA transcripts from the same gene which have had different exons removed.

Question 26

What is the difference between co-trimoxazole and clotrimazole?

Answer 26

Co-trimoxazole is used for bacterial infections while clotrimazole is prescribed as an antifungal.

Question 27

Where are generic names listed?

Answer 27

Pharmacopoeias

Question 28

Important pharmacodynamic properties

Answer 28

Affinity, efficacy, specificity