Unit 1 Inquizitive Questions

Question 1

What was the Headright System?

Answer 1

A system created by the Virginia Company that would give anyone who paid for their own passage (or someone else’s) 50 acres of land.

Question 2

What was the House of Burgesses?

Answer 2

The first elected assembly in colonial America - only freemen could vote, and the company and its appointed governor had the right to nullify any measure the body adopted.

Question 3

Who was John Smith?

Answer 3

One of the first leaders of the Jamestown colony.

Question 4

What held the Jamestown colony together?

Answer 4

Rigorous military discipline.

Question 5

How did John Smith keep his colony fed?

Answer 5

He imposed forced labor in order to have enough food.

Question 6

Which state was established by investors?

Answer 6

VA

Question 7

How was MD different from VA?

Answer 7

1. Servants were more likely to become landowners
2. Catholics could find refuge and were encouraged to settle

Question 8

What did VA and MD have in common?

Answer 8

1. The leading cash crop was tobacco
2. The headright system was in place
3. Conditions were unhealthy, leading to a high death rate
4. Servants were relied upon for the majority of labor in the early years

Question 9

How did VA develop in its early years?

Answer 9

By the end of the seventeenth century, Virginia had established tobacco as its main crop, a representative government, and slavery as a dominant system of labor.

Question 10

Why did Jamestown lowk flop in the beginning?

Answer 10

1. Diseases and illnesses took a heavy toll on the settlers
2. Many didn’t want to work to grow crops/perform labor

Question 11

How did MD develop in its early years?

Answer 11

1. Maryland became a place for Catholic religious freedom
   2.Their government was limited by law.
   3.There were greater opportunity for servants in MD compared to VA

Question 12

Describe Puritans

Answer 12

1. Wanted to reform the Church
2. Settled in Mass. Bay, 1632
3. Middle Class
4. Emphasis on education and religion
5. Theocracy
6. Intolerant people (with trials)

Question 13

Describe Pilgrims

Answer 13

1. Seperate from the Church
2. Plymouth, 1620
3. Working class
4. Emphasis on equality
5. Democracy
6. Besties with the Native Americans

Question 14

How were Pilgrims and Puritans similar?

Answer 14

1. Both persecuted by James l
2. Seeked religious freedom
3. Used the Bible
4. Settled in New England
5. Suspicious of traditional authorities

Question 15

Who was John Winthrop?

Answer 15

He was the first governor of Massachusetts and believed that true freedom required individuals to submit to both religious and secular authorities.

Question 16

What was the Mayflower Compact?

Answer 16

The first written frame of government in the US:
Written by Pilgrim leaders stating that adult men would obey “just and equal laws” enacted by representatives of their choosing.

Question 17

What made the English settlement of New England distinctive?

Answer 17

A distinctive religious order emerged, know as Puritanism

Question 18

What did Roger Williams believe in?

Answer 18

Religious freedom; he aimed to strengthen religion, not weaken it.

Question 19

What was the Pequot War?

Answer 19

A war between the Pequot tribe and the Americans after a fur trader was killed by the Pequots. 500 men, women, and children died after their village was set on fire.

Question 20

What were the main sources of discord (disagreement) in early New England?

Answer 20

1. Religion (Puritans vs. Pilgrims/Other Religions)
2. Clashes with the Native Americans

Question 21

What is mercantilism?

Answer 21

When the government regulates economic activity to promote national power

Question 22

What are the core principles of mercantilism?

Answer 22

1. Wealth is the basis of a country’s power position
2. The Mother Country must regulate trade and production to limit competition
3. Colonies exist solely to benefit the MC

Question 23

What did the Navigation Act do?

Answer 23

It aimed to control of world trade from the Dutch

Question 24

List parts of the Navigation Act:

Answer 24

1. Colonies must purchase manufactured goods from England
2. Colonies must sell its raw materials to England
3. Colonies must use its labor to benefit the empire
4. Only English or Colonial made ships could be used to transport goods

Question 25

What were Quakers?

Answer 25

People who belonged to the Society of Friends; they seek religious truth in inner experience, and place great reliance on conscience as the basis of morality

Question 26

Who was William Penn?

Answer 26

The proprietor of Pennsylvania who consider his colony ‘free for all mankind’.

Question 27

How did the English empire in America expand in the mid-17th century?

Answer 27

The expansion happened when Charles the 2nd took the throne in 1660 and sparked a new period of colonial expansion.

Question 28

What was the Bacon’s Rebellion?

Answer 28

Bacon’s Rebellion was an armed rebellion held by Virginia settlers that took place from 1676 to 1677. It was led by Nathaniel Bacon against Colonial Governor William Berkeley, after Berkeley refused Bacon’s request to drive Native Americans out of Virginia

Question 29

Who was Nathaniel Bacon?

Answer 29

He was a wealthy planter who led the Bacon’s Rebellion

Question 30

How was slavery established in the Western Atlantic World?

Answer 30

It was established with the system of Spanish conquistadors forcing natives to work in mines or on farms. However, European diseases ravaged the native population, killing off most (if not all) natives in a region, forcing European colonists to find other sources of labor.

Question 31

What was the Atlantic Slave Trade?

Answer 31

When 10 million African Americans were brought to the New World as a regularized business

Question 32

What is the middle passage?

Answer 32

The voyage across the Atlantic

Question 33

How did African Slavery differ regionally in 18th century North America?

Answer 33

The three different systems were different:
1.Manufactured goods were brought to Africa and Britain’s American colonies
2. Slaves were brought to the New World
3. Colonial products were sent to Europe

Question 34

What is salutary neglect?

Answer 34

It was a policy developed by British governments that left the colonies largely to govern themselves

Question 35

What was the Enlightenment?

Answer 35

A philosophical movement sought to apply the scientific method based on research and experiments to political and social life.

Question 36

List facts about the Enlightenment

Answer 36

1. Intellectual Movements
2. Began in Europe and spread to the US
3. Leaders were philosophers
4. Emphasized logic and reason
5. Political Choice

Question 37

Who was Ben Franklin?

Answer 37

He created the lightning rod and exemplified the Enlightenment spirit.

Question 38

What concepts and institutions dominated colonial politics in the 18th century?

Answer 38

Liberal Freedom, The Right to Vote, Freedom of the Press, and Freedom of Speech

Question 39

What was the Great Awakening?

Answer 39

Revivals that were a series of local events united by a commitment to a “religion of the heart”, that redrew the religious landscape of the colonies.

Question 40

List characteristics of the Great Awakening

Answer 40

1. Religious Movement
2. Uniquely American
3. Leaders were preachers (Edwards + Whitefield)
4. Emphasized emotion in religious life
5. Religious choice

Question 41

Who were Jonathan Edwards and George Whitefield?

Answer 41

A minister and preacher during the Great Awakening.

Question 42

How did the Great Awakening challenge the religious and social structure of British North America?

Answer 42

The GA questioned many forms of authority, inspired criticism of aspects of colonial society, and reflected existing social tensions.