Unit 1: Human Cells - Key Area 5 - Human Genomics Flashcards
What is human genomics?
Human genomics is the study of the human genome.
What is the genome?
A genome is all of an organism’s hereditary information which is encoded in DNA.
What is a genome made of?
A genome is made up of GENES and other DNA sequences that do not code for proteins.
How many base pairs does the human genome approximately contain?
3 Billion base pairs
If there is approximately 3 Billion base pairs in a genome how many base are there approximately?
6 Billion bases
How long did the human genome project take?
13 years from 1990 - 2003.
What is bioinformatics?
The name given to the fusion of molecular biology, statistical analysis and computer technology.
What does genomic sequencing mean?
Determining the sequence of an individuals gene or entire genome.
Why does the human genome project not take 13 years to complete nowadays?
Advances in technology.
What is meant by pharmacogenetics?
The study of the effects of pharmaceutical drugs on the genetically diverse members of the human population.
What is personalised medicine?
Custom medical treatment to exactly suit an individuals requirements. Meaning that the most suitable drug and the correct dosage would be personally prescribed to an individual.
What are benefits of personalised medicine?
Reduced side effects, drugs more suitable to an individual, increased efficiency of drugs.
What can an individual’s genome be analysed to predict?
The likelihood that the individual may develop certain diseases.
