Unit 1 Glossary

Question 1

Definition of absorption spectrum

Answer 1

A spectrum consisting of dark absorption lines superimposed on a bright continuous spectrum it shows the absorption of radiation by a material over a range of wavelengths

Question 2

Definition of Aufbau principal

Answer 2

This states that the orbitals are filled in order of increasing energy

Question 3

Define bidentate

Answer 3

A ligand that contains two atoms with lone pairs of electrons capable of bonding to a metal atom or ion

Question 4

Define a complex

Answer 4

The complex consists of a central metal atom or ion surrounded by Ligands

Question 5

Define a coordinate bond

Answer 5

A covalent bond in which one of the atom supplies both of the electrons to the shared pair

Question 6

Define a coordinate compound

Answer 6

Compounds in which a central metal atom or ion is attached to a group of surrounding molecules or ions by dative covalent bonds

Question 7

Define coordination number

Answer 7

The coordination number is the number of nearest neighbours by which an atom or ion is surrounded in a structure

Question 8

Define a dative covalent bond

Answer 8

Is a type of covalent bond both the shared electrons originally came from the same atom

Question 9

Define degenerate

Answer 9

I said of atomic orbitals that are equal to each other in energy

Question 10

Define the electromagnetic spectrum

Answer 10

Is the range of frequencies or wavelength of electromagnetic radiation

Question 11

Define electronegativity

Answer 11

Electronegativity is a measure of the attraction of an atom involved in a bond has for the electrons of the bond

Question 12

Define emission spectroscopy

Answer 12

The study of emission spectra produced by excited substances

Question 13

Define excitation energy

Answer 13

The minimum energy required to change the system from its ground state to a particular excited state

Question 14

Define frequency

Answer 14

This is the number of wavelengths that pass a fixed point in one unit of time

Question 15

Define ground state

Answer 15

This is the lowest possible electronic configuration the electrons in the atom can adopt

Question 16

What is Hinesburg’s uncertainty principle

Answer 16

This states that it is impossible to state precisely the position of the momentum of an electron at the same instant

Question 17

Define haxadentate

Answer 17

A legend that buttons to a metal iron using electron pairs on six donor atoms

Question 18

What is Hund’s rule

Answer 18

When degenerate orbitals are available electrons fill each single keeping their spins parallel before pairing starts

Question 19

Define ionisation

Answer 19

The addition of removal of an electron to create an ion

Question 20

Define ionisation energy

Answer 20

The energy involved in removing one mole of electrons from one mole of atoms in the gaseous state

Question 21

Define a ligand 

Answer 21

Molecules or ions that bond to the central metal atom or ion in a complex

Question 22

What is a lone pair

Answer 22

Alone or non-bonding pair of electrons as a pair of outer core valence shell electrons which are not used to form a covalent bond within the molecule

Question 23

Define mono dentate

Answer 23

I like and that bonds to a metal atom or ion using the electron pair of a single donor atom

Question 24

Define oxidation

Answer 24

This is the loss of electrons from a substance it can also be described as an increase in oxidation number

Question 25

Define oxidation number

Answer 25

The formal change assigned to each atom in a compound according to a certain rule

Question 26

Define the Pauli exclusion principle

Answer 26

This states that an orbital holds a maximum of two electrons

Question 27

Define Quanta

Answer 27

The smallest possible discreet unit of any physical property such as energy or matter

Question 28

Define reduction

Answer 28

The gain of electrons by a substance it can also be described as a decrease in oxidation number

Question 29

What is the spectrochemical series

Answer 29

A list of lagoons in order of size of the crystal fields fitting cost in the D orbitals

Question 30

Define wavelength

Answer 30

The distance between adjacent crests or tufts of a wave

Question 31

Define wave number

Answer 31

Wave number is the reciprocal of wavelength and has the unit of cm-1