Unit 1 Foundations of US Government

Question 0

Any sizable group of people who are united by common bonds of race, language, custom, tradition, and sometimes, religion

Answer 0

Nation

Question 1

A political community that occupies a definite territory and has an organized government with the power to make and enforce laws without approval of higher authority.

Answer 1

State

Question 2

A country in which the territory of both the nation and the state coincide

Answer 2

Nation- State

Question 3

Trade among the states

Answer 3

Interstate Commerce

Question 4

Not sanctioned by law

Answer 4

Extralegal

Question 5

Capitalists who own the means of production in industrialized nations

Answer 5

Bourgeoisie

Question 6

Workers who work to produce the goods in industrialized nations

Answer 6

Proletariat

Question 7

Developed from socialism; a type of government where one class evolves, property would all be held in common, with a command economy.

Answer 7

Communism

Question 8

An economic system where decisions, such as what to produce, how much to produce, and how to distribute what is produced, are made at the upper levels of government and handed down to managers.

Answer 8

Command Economy

Question 9

Gives all key powers to the national or central government

Answer 9

Unitary system

Question 10

Divides the powers of government between the national government and state or provincial government

Answer 10

Federal System

Question 11

A loose union of independent states

Answer 11

Confederacy

Question 12

A plan that provides the rules for government

Answer 12

Constitution

Question 13

Economic system in which freedom of choice and individual incentive for workers, investors, con-sumers, and business enterprises is emphasized. Also called: Free enterprise

Answer 13

Capitalism

Question 14

The philosophy that government should keep its hands off the economy.

Answer 14

Laissez-faire

Question 15

Economic system in which buyers and sellers make free choices in the marketplace

Answer 15

free market

Question 16

An economic system in which the government owns the basic means of production, distributes the products and wages, and provides social services such as health care and welfare

Answer 16

socialism

Question 17

Refers to a government in which a constitution has authority to place clearly recognized limits on the powers of those who govern

Answer 17

Constitutional government

Question 18

A statement that sets forth the goals and purposes to be served by the government

Answer 18

Preamble

Question 19

Involves a interpretation and application of the constitution. Primarily concerns defining the extent and limits of government power and the rights of citizens

Answer 19

Constitutional law

Question 20

The effort to control or influence the conduct and policies of government

Answer 20

Politics

Question 21

Have generally large industries and advanced technology that provide a more comfortable way of life than developing nations

Answer 21

Industrialized Nations

Question 22

Nations beginning to develop

Answer 22

Developing Nations

Question 23

Signed in 1215, established the principles of The Limited Government.

Answer 23

Magna Carta

Question 24

A government in which people elect delegates to make laws and conduct government

Answer 24

Representative Government

Question 25

Equal amount of power between Judicial, Legistlative, and executive powers

Answer 25

Separation of power

Question 26

The study of human efforts to satisfy seemingly unlimited wants through the use of limited resources (Resources: natural materials- land, water, minerals, trees; and human factors- skills, knowledge, physical capabilities)

Answer 26

Economics

Question 27

An agreement about basic beliefs

Answer 27

Consensus

Question 28

The supreme and absolute authority within territorial boundaries

Answer 28

Sovereignty

Question 29

The institution through which the state maintains social order, provides public services, and enforces binding decisions on citizens

Answer 29

Government

Question 30

Theory that by contract, people surrender to the state the power needed to maintain order in the state, in turn, agrees to protect its citizens

Answer 30

Social Contract

Question 31

What is a congress that is only single-chamber?

Answer 31

Unicameral

Question 32

The 13 colonial states ———, or approved, the Articles of Confederation.

Answer 32

Ratified

Question 33

The colonial states ——— their claims of land to the government to unify the nation.

Answer 33

Ceded

Question 34

Congress enacted two land ———, or laws, to organize its territories.

Answer 34

Ordinances

Question 35

One of the ordinances, called the ———, was enacted in 1787 to ensure new states would have similar statehood as the others.

Answer 35

North West Ordinance

Question 36

Tax paid in order to vote

Answer 36

Poll tax

Question 37

Any system of government in which the power and authority to rule are in the hands of a single individual.

Answer 37

autocracy

Question 38

A king, queen, or emperor exercises the supreme powers of government.

Answer 38

monarchy

Question 39

any system of government in which a small group holds power.

Answer 39

oligarchy

Question 40

any system of government in which rule is by the people.

Answer 40

democracy

Question 41

voters hold sovereign power. Elected representatives who are responsible to the people exercise that power.

Answer 41

republic

Question 42

Group of individuals with broad common interests who organize to nominate candidates for office, win elections, conduct government, and determine public policy.

Answer 42

political party

Question 43

The opportunity to control ones economic decisions provides a base for making independent political decisions.

Answer 43

free enterprise